k8s自动部署教程

女爷i 2022-10-05 11:44 269阅读 0赞

### 文章目录 ###

*  缺陷记录
 *  参考文章
 *  实战命令
 *  k8s自动部署教程
 *  代码分析
 *  打包成docker镜像
 *  k8s+jenkins+git

# 缺陷记录 #

1.  部署成功的外界无法访问到
2.

# 参考文章 #

[JENKINS没有执行SHELL权限问题][JENKINS_SHELL]

# 实战命令 #

kubectl get pods -o wide 节点名  
netstat -tlunp  
kubectl get pods,svc  
curl -I localhost:19999

# k8s自动部署教程 #

1.  启动jenkins  
    systemctl start | stop | restart | status jenkins

pipeline { 
        agent any
        options { 
            // 默认15分钟 timeout (15)
            timeout(time: 3, unit: 'MINUTES')
        }
        environment { 
            build_dir="/root/build-workspace"
            host="k8s-web.muoo.com"
        }
        stages { 
            stage('build') { 
                steps{ 
    // git 'https://gitee.com/goodshred/k8s-hello-world.git'
    // sh "mvn -Dmaven.test.failure.ignore=true clean package"
                    echo "curUser=${USER}"
                    script { 
                       sh "chmod +x /root/script/build.sh"
                       sh "chmod +x /root/script/deploy.sh"
                    }
                    sh "/root/script/start.sh"
                    sh "/root/script/deploy.sh"
                }
            }
        }
        post { 
            success { 
                script { 
                    echo "post==success"
                }
            }
            failure  { 
                script { 
                    echo "post==failure"
                }
            }
            //构建不稳定时
            //随着项目的开发和持续扩展，使用Jenkins构建（build）项目越来越多，Jenkins服务器的磁盘可能被大日志文件占满造成无法继续构建项目的异常（一般会出现构建按钮为黄色）
            unstable  { 
                script { 
                    echo "post==unstable "
                }
            }
    
        }
    }

# 代码分析 #

先运行jenkins脚本代码（1. 拉代码，2. mvn将代码打成jar包，3. 执行脚本build.sh–将jar包打成镜像，4. 执行deploy.sh将镜像丢到k8s中运行）

--------------------

拉代码，代码变jar包，jar变镜像，k8s命令启动镜像。

# 打包成docker镜像 #

vi Dockerfile  
没有jdk:8-jdk-alpine镜像的话首次运行会自动进行下载拷贝到要制作的镜像里面

FROM openjdk:8-jdk-alpine
    COPY ${ jenkins_dir}target/hello-world-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar /hello-world-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
    ENTRYPOINT ["java", "-jar","/hello-world-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar"]

# k8s+jenkins+git #

jenkins的pipeline如下：

pipeline { 
        //说明流水线哪一个节点运行
        agent any
        options { 
            // 默认15分钟 timeout (15)
            timeout(time: 13, unit: 'MINUTES')
        }
        environment { 
            build_dir="/opt/k8s-cicd/build-workspace"
            project_name="hello-world"
            host="k8s-web.muoo.com"
        }
        stages { 
            stage('build') { 
                steps{ 
                     git 'https://gitee.com/goodshred/k8s-hello-world.git'
                     sh "mvn -Dmaven.test.failure.ignore=true clean package"
                    sh 'echo "curUser=${USER}"'
                    //script { 
                    //本质还是不应该写在这里，碰到无权限问题应该手动去操作linux机器，比如配置两台机器的免密登陆，使用root权限给某个文件赋予允许jenkins执行的权限
                    //chmod: changing permissions of ‘/opt/k8s-cicd/script/build.sh’: Operation not permitted
                    //我是用的root创建的脚本文件，因此jenkins用户无法更改其权限
                    //sh "chmod +x /opt/k8s-cicd/script/build.sh"
                    //sh "chmod +x /opt/k8s-cicd/script/deploy.sh"
                    // }
                    sh "${build_dir}/script/build.sh"
                    sh "${build_dir}/script/deploy.sh"
                }
            }
        }
        post { 
            success { 
                script { 
                    echo "post==success"
                }
            }
            failure  { 
                script { 
                    echo "post==failure"
                }
            }
            //构建不稳定时
            //随着项目的开发和持续扩展，使用Jenkins构建（build）项目越来越多，Jenkins服务器的磁盘可能被大日志文件占满造成无法继续构建项目的异常（一般会出现构建按钮为黄色）
            unstable  { 
                script { 
                    echo "post==unstable "
                }
            }
    
        }
    }

创建目录结构如下：  
![在这里插入图片描述][20210610162014243.png]

Dockerfile文件

FROM openjdk:8-jdk-alpine
    COPY hello-world-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar /hello-world-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
    ENTRYPOINT ["java", "-jar","/hello-world-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar"]

build.sh文件：

#!/bin/bash
    
    if [ "${build_dir}" == "" ];then
       echo "env 'build_dir' is not set"
       exit 1
    fi
    
    # 构建时候的工作名，比如Jenkins自动构建个项目，取名叫k8s-cicd，那么${JOB_NAME}=k8s-cicd，它是Jenkins自带的全局变量
    # /opt/k8s-cicd/build-workspace/k8s-web-demo
    
    docker_dir=${build_dir}/${JOB_NAME}
    
    if [ ! -d ${docker_dir} ];then
       mkdir -p ${docker_dir}
    fi
    
    echo "docker workspace: ${docker_dir}"
    
    # ${WORKSPACE}/${MODULE}=/var/lib/jenkins/workspace/k8s-web-demo/
    jenkins_dir=${WORKSPACE}/${MODULE}
    export jenkins_dir=${jenkins_dir}
    
    echo "jenkins_dir is ${jenkins_dir}"
    
    if [ ! -f ${jenkins_dir}target/*jar ];then
      echo "target file not found ${jenkins_dir}target/*jar"
      exit 1
    fi
    
    \cp ${jenkins_dir}target/*jar ${docker_dir}
    cd ${docker_dir}
    
    # VERSION=$(date + %y%m%d%H%M%S%)
    VERSION=$(date "+%y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S")
    IMAGE_NAME=goodshred/${project_name}:${VERSION}
    echo ${IMAGE_NAME}
    
    echo "${IMAGE_NAME}" > ${WORKSPACE}/IMAGE
    echo "workspave is : ${WORKSPACE}======================"
    cat ${WORKSPACE}/IMAGE
    echo "build image ${IMAGE_NAME}"
    
    docker build -t ${IMAGE_NAME} .
    docker push ${IMAGE_NAME}

deploy.sh文件如下：

#!/bin/bash
    
    name=${JOB_NAME}
    image=$(cat ${ WORKSPACE}/IMAGE)
    
    \cp ${build_dir}/template/web.yaml ${build_dir}/script/web.yaml
    
    sed -i "s,{ {name}},${name},g" ${build_dir}/script/web.yaml
    
    sed -i "s,{ {image}},${image},g" ${build_dir}/script/web.yaml
    
    kubectl apply -f ${build_dir}/script/web.yaml
    
    cat ${build_dir}/script/web.yaml

web.yaml如下：

apiVersion: v1
    kind: Service
    metadata:
      name: { { name}}
      namespace: default
      labels:
        app: { { name}}
    spec:
      type: NodePort
      ports:
        - port: 30009
          targetPort: 19999
          # type: NodePort # 在主机上暴露端口
          nodePort: 19999 #service对外开放端口
      selector:
        app: { { name}}
    
    ---
    apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
    #apps/v1,extensions/v1beta1需要根据自己k8s的版本选择
    kind: Deployment #对象类型
    metadata:
      name: { { name}} #名称
      labels:
        app: { { name}} #标注
    spec:
      replicas: 1 #运行容器的副本数，修改这里可以快速修改分布式节点数量
      selector:
        matchLabels:
          app: { { name}}
      template:
        metadata:
          labels:
            app: { { name}}
        spec:
          containers: #docker容器的配置
            # { {name}}
            - name: { { name}}
              #image: goodshred/hello-world:latest
              ## 192.168.1.253:8081/pasq/dockertest:0.0.1 # pull镜像的地址 ip:prot/dir/images:tag 
              # { {image}}
              image: { { image}}
              imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent #pull镜像时机，
              ports:
                - containerPort: 19999 #容器对外开放端口

[JENKINS_SHELL]: https://www.todocker.cn/2324.html
[20210610162014243.png]: /images/20221005/4842c6a8e42d40c59e1dd77a96ed0a10.png