prometheus在k8s中的部署

Dear 丶 2022-10-15 08:57 210阅读 0赞

### 1.k8s的监控指标 ###

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th>监控指标</th> 
   <th>具体实现</th> 
   <th>举例</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Pod性能</td> 
   <td>cAdvisor</td> 
   <td>容器CPU，内存利用率</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Node性能</td> 
   <td>node-exporter</td> 
   <td>节点CPU，内存利用率</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>K8S资源对象</td> 
   <td>kube-state-metrics</td> 
   <td>Pod/Deployment/Service</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

### 2.创建namespace、sa账号，在k8s集群的master节点操作 ###

\#创建一个monitor-sa的名称空间

kubectl create ns monitor-sa

\#创建一个sa账号

kubectl create serviceaccount monitor -n monitor-sa

\#把sa账号monitor通过clusterrolebing绑定到clusterrole上

kubectl create clusterrolebinding monitor-clusterrolebinding -n monitor-sa --clusterrole=cluster-admin  --serviceaccount=monitor-sa:monitor

### 3.创建数据目录 ###

\#在k8s集群的任何一个node节点操作，因为我的k8s集群只有一个node节点node1，所以我在node1上操作如下命令：

mkdir /data/prometheus
    chmod 777 /data/prometheus

### 4. kube-state-metric的部署 ###

prometheus通过 sa,clusterrolebinding来解决token、证书挂载问题  
sa等配置： prometheus yaml中需要配置对应的saserviceAccountName

[kube-state-metrics github项目地址][kube-state-metrics github]

.
    ├── cluster-role-binding.yaml
    ├── cluster-role.yaml
    ├── deployment.yaml
    ├── README.md
    ├── service-account.yaml
    └── service.yaml

service-account.yaml文件

apiVersion: v1
    kind: ServiceAccount
    metadata:
      labels:
        app.kubernetes.io/name: kube-state-metrics
        app.kubernetes.io/version: v1.8.0
      name: kube-state-metrics
      namespace: monitor-sa

cluster-role.yaml 文件

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
    kind: ClusterRole
    metadata:
      labels:
        app.kubernetes.io/name: kube-state-metrics
        app.kubernetes.io/version: v1.8.0
      name: kube-state-metrics
    rules:
    - apiGroups:
      - ""
      resources:
      - configmaps
      - secrets
      - nodes
      - pods
      - services
      - resourcequotas
      - replicationcontrollers
      - limitranges
      - persistentvolumeclaims
      - persistentvolumes
      - namespaces
      - endpoints
      verbs:
      - list
      - watch
    - apiGroups:
      - extensions
      resources:
      - daemonsets
      - deployments
      - replicasets
      - ingresses
      verbs:
      - list
      - watch
    - apiGroups:
      - apps
      resources:
      - statefulsets
      - daemonsets
      - deployments
      - replicasets
      verbs:
      - list
      - watch
    - apiGroups:
      - batch
      resources:
      - cronjobs
      - jobs
      verbs:
      - list
      - watch
    - apiGroups:
      - autoscaling
      resources:
      - horizontalpodautoscalers
      verbs:
      - list
      - watch
    - apiGroups:
      - authentication.k8s.io
      resources:
      - tokenreviews
      verbs:
      - create
    - apiGroups:
      - authorization.k8s.io
      resources:
      - subjectaccessreviews
      verbs:
      - create
    - apiGroups:
      - policy
      resources:
      - poddisruptionbudgets
      verbs:
      - list
      - watch
    - apiGroups:
      - certificates.k8s.io
      resources:
      - certificatesigningrequests
      verbs:
      - list
      - watch
    - apiGroups:
      - storage.k8s.io
      resources:
      - storageclasses
      - volumeattachments
      verbs:
      - list
      - watch
    - apiGroups:
      - admissionregistration.k8s.io
      resources:
      - mutatingwebhookconfigurations
      - validatingwebhookconfigurations
      verbs:
      - list
      - watch
    - apiGroups:
      - networking.k8s.io
      resources:
      - networkpolicies
      verbs:
      - list
      - watch

cluster-role-binding.yaml

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
    kind: ClusterRoleBinding
    metadata:
      labels:
        app.kubernetes.io/name: kube-state-metrics
        app.kubernetes.io/version: v1.8.0
      name: kube-state-metrics
    roleRef:
      apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
      kind: ClusterRole
      name: kube-state-metrics
    subjects:
    - kind: ServiceAccount
      name: kube-state-metrics
      namespace: monitor-sa

deployment.yaml 文件

apiVersion: apps/v1
    kind: Deployment
    metadata:
      labels:
        app.kubernetes.io/name: kube-state-metrics
        app.kubernetes.io/version: v1.8.0
      name: kube-state-metrics
      namespace: monitor-sa
    spec:
      replicas: 1
      selector:
        matchLabels:
          app.kubernetes.io/name: kube-state-metrics
      template:
        metadata:
          labels:
            app.kubernetes.io/name: kube-state-metrics
            app.kubernetes.io/version: v1.8.0
        spec:
          containers:
          - image: quay.io/coreos/kube-state-metrics:v1.8.0
            livenessProbe:
              httpGet:
                path: /healthz
                port: 8080
              initialDelaySeconds: 5
              timeoutSeconds: 5
            name: kube-state-metrics
            ports:
            - containerPort: 8080
              name: http-metrics
            - containerPort: 8081
              name: telemetry
            readinessProbe:
              httpGet:
                path: /
                port: 8081
              initialDelaySeconds: 5
              timeoutSeconds: 5
          nodeSelector:
            kubernetes.io/os: linux
          serviceAccountName: kube-state-metrics

service.yaml文件

apiVersion: v1
    kind: Service
    metadata:
      annotations:
        prometheus.io/scrape: 'true'
      name: kube-state-metrics
      namespace: monitor-sa
      labels:
        app: kube-state-metrics
    spec:
        ports:
        - name: kube-state-metrics
          port: 8080
          protocol: TCP
        - name: telemetry
          port: 8081
          protocol: TCP
        selector:
          app.kubernetes.io/name: kube-state-metrics

### 5.安装prometheus，以下步骤均在在k8s集群的master节点操作 ###

1）创建一个configmap存储卷，用来存放prometheus配置信息

kubectl get sa monitor  -n monitor-sa -o yaml
    apiVersion: v1
    kind: ServiceAccount
    metadata:
      creationTimestamp: "2021-05-23T14:18:14Z"
      name: monitor
      namespace: monitor-sa
      resourceVersion: "18761312"
      selfLink: /api/v1/namespaces/monitor-sa/serviceaccounts/monitor
      uid: 12ed67ab-dae8-4704-87b8-5a073a7047d2
    secrets:
    - name: monitor-token-p6wgp
    
    kubectl describe sa monitor  -n monitor-sa 
    Name:                monitor
    Namespace:           monitor-sa
    Labels:              <none>
    Annotations:         <none>
    Image pull secrets:  <none>
    Mountable secrets:   monitor-token-p6wgp
    Tokens:              monitor-token-p6wgp
    Events:              <none>
    
    
    kubectl describe secrets monitor-token-p6wgp -n monitor-sa 
    Name:         monitor-token-p6wgp
    Namespace:    monitor-sa
    Labels:       <none>
    Annotations:  kubernetes.io/service-account.name: monitor
                  kubernetes.io/service-account.uid: 12ed67ab-dae8-4704-87b8-5a073a7047d2
    
    Type:  kubernetes.io/service-account-token
    
    Data
    ====
    ca.crt:     1025 bytes
    namespace:  10 bytes
    token:      eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6IkY5eEJEUjZMRjNnejhxMVl6enJiYmVHX0RSOFYza1JfbVVpZmhCVXlucDQifQ.eyJpc3MiOiJrdWJlcm5ldGVzL3NlcnZpY2VhY2NvdW50Iiwia3ViZXJuZXRlcy5pby9zZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudC9uYW1lc3BhY2UiOiJtb25pdG9yLXNhIiwia3ViZXJuZXRlcy5pby9zZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudC9zZWNyZXQubmFtZSI6Im1vbml0b3ItdG9rZW4tcDZ3Z3AiLCJrdWJlcm5ldGVzLmlvL3NlcnZpY2VhY2NvdW50L3NlcnZpY2UtYWNjb3VudC5uYW1lIjoibW9uaXRvciIsImt1YmVybmV0ZXMuaW8vc2VydmljZWFjY291bnQvc2VydmljZS1hY2NvdW50LnVpZCI6IjEyZWQ2N2FiLWRhZTgtNDcwNC04N2I4LTVhMDczYTcwNDdkMiIsInN1YiI6InN5c3RlbTpzZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudDptb25pdG9yLXNhOm1vbml0b3IifQ.j2hWAze7aOZgVDg0j4NKOhoMUktu7XIJ56kU_RCRbt7RCaXYd_A4ijg7IJqVUHBitQKfx-_ZzNXcOqMZt5nCN5dtToKGWRK_Du0eqepKNcsfj9dzVvebaEbd-4t7LyhHvEdf5M1CviD0wnrw1O_9nXl1COpm9IojJB9I8tIzs9Y3fiMVd2oTUL3ctFKRSkwM4CTAEIm5SZN0QRgld7Ol8W7F-m8jjOh3c7MMm9FnnAn_NkQ57XSKJovMy_AdMA55gwZaufCYA225tubG9KS0eUyF70wgGvAKOMFn6yGpRZjHj26JcBDhoEZkwzFrBM4-blnGl9pMHXtPztAPlw-xQQ

cat    >prometheus-cfg.yaml <<EOF --- kind: ConfigMap apiVersion: v1 metadata: labels: app: prometheus name: prometheus-config namespace: monitor-sa data: prometheus.yml: | global: scrape_interval: 15s scrape_timeout: 10s external_labels: monitor: 'AIUI-ceshi-k8s' evaluation_interval: 1m scrape_configs: - job_name: kubernetes-node kubernetes_sd_configs: - role: node tls_config: insecure_skip_verify: true bearer_token_file: /opt/k8s/k8s.token relabel_configs: - source_labels: [__address__] regex: '(.*):10250' replacement: '${1}:9100' target_label: __address__ action: replace - action: labelmap regex: __meta_kubernetes_node_label_(.+) - source_labels: [instance] regex: .*db002.* action: drop - job_name: 'kubernetes-apiservers' kubernetes_sd_configs: - role: endpoints scheme: https tls_config: insecure_skip_verify: true bearer_token_file: /opt/k8s/k8s.token relabel_configs: - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace, __meta_kubernetes_service_name, __meta_kubernetes_endpoint_port_name] action: keep regex: default;kubernetes;https - job_name: 'kube-state-metrics' static_configs: - targets: ['kube-state-metrics:8080'] - job_name: 'kubernetes-node-cadvisor' kubernetes_sd_configs: - role: node scheme: https tls_config: insecure_skip_verify: true bearer_token_file: /opt/k8s/k8s.token relabel_configs: - action: labelmap regex: __meta_kubernetes_node_label_(.+) - target_label: __address__ replacement: 172.16.154.13:6443 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_node_name] regex: (.+) target_label: __metrics_path__ replacement: /api/v1/nodes/${1}/proxy/metrics/cadvisor - job_name: 'kubernetes-service-endpoints' scrape_timeout: 10s kubernetes_sd_configs: - role: endpoints relabel_configs: - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_scrape] action: keep regex: true - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_scheme] action: replace target_label: __scheme__ regex: (https?) - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_path] action: replace target_label: __metrics_path__ regex: (.+) - source_labels: [__address__, __meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_port] action: replace target_label: __address__ regex: ([^:]+)(?::\d+)?;(\d+) replacement: $1:$2 - action: labelmap regex: __meta_kubernetes_service_label_(.+) - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace] action: replace target_label: kubernetes_namespace - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_name] action: replace target_label: kubernetes_name # - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_container_port_number] # action: replace # target_label: container_port EOF

cat >prometheus-deploy.yaml    <<EOF
    ---
    apiVersion: apps/v1
    kind: Deployment
    metadata:
      name: prometheus-server
      namespace: monitor-sa
      labels:
        app: prometheus
    spec:
      replicas: 1
      selector:
        matchLabels:
          app: prometheus
          component: server
      template:
        metadata:
          labels:
            app: prometheus
            component: server
          annotations:
            prometheus.io/scrape: 'false'
        spec:
          serviceAccountName: monitor
          containers:
          - name: prometheus
            image: prom/prometheus:v2.2.1
            imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
            command:
              - 'prometheus'
              - '--config.file=/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml'
              - '--storage.tsdb.path=/prometheus'
              - '--storage.tsdb.retention=720h'
              - '--web.enable-lifecycle'
            ports:
            - containerPort: 9090
              protocol: TCP
            volumeMounts:
            - mountPath: /etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml
              name: prometheus-config
              subPath: prometheus.yml
            - mountPath: /prometheus/
              name: prometheus-storage-volume
            - mountPath: /opt/k8s/k8s.token
              name: k8s-token
              subPath: k8s.token
          volumes:
            - name: prometheus-config
              configMap:
                name: prometheus-config
                items:
                  - key: prometheus.yml
                    path: prometheus.yml
                    mode: 0644
            - name: prometheus-storage-volume
              hostPath:
               path: /data/prometheus
               type: Directory
            - name: k8s-token
              hostPath:
               path: /opt/k8s
               type: Directory

cat  > prometheus-svc.yaml  <<EOF --- apiVersion: v1 kind: Service metadata: annotations: prometheus.io/scrape: 'true' name: prometheus namespace: monitor-sa labels: app: prometheus spec: type: NodePort ports: - port: 9090 targetPort: 9090 nodePort: 30090 protocol: TCP selector: app: prometheus component: server EOF

![在这里插入图片描述][20210524143553262.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3d5bDk1Mjc_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

[kube-state-metrics github]: https://github.com/kubernetes/kube-state-metrics
[20210524143553262.png]: /images/20221014/d7c2720b736641c798c270001c03d700.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3d5bDk1Mjc_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20221014/43962807d79d44d6a3dee54b92ce0132.png