tmux 如何自定义背景颜色 | How does the tmux color palette work?

╰+哭是因爲堅強的太久メ 2022-10-17 10:58 188阅读 0赞

## 坑1：256 color support for vim background in tmux ##

解决终端颜色配置与 tmux 颜色配置不匹配问题。

[https://superuser.com/questions/399296/256-color-support-for-vim-background-in-tmux][https_superuser.com_questions_399296_256-color-support-for-vim-background-in-tmux]

#### 原因 ####

From the look of your .bashrc and .profile, the shells inside tmux are overriding the ‘default-terminal’ setting in your tmux conf. Something like this:

*  tmux creates new shell with `TERM=screen-256color`
 *  .bashrc/.profile run, set `TERM=xterm-256color`
 *  vim runs, tries to use incorrect TERM for tmux

you can check this by running

echo $TERM

in a fresh tmux shell.

Tmux is relatively picky about having a terminal set correctly. If you can, set the term value in gnome-terminal’s configuration, not in your .bashrc. Failing that, surround those settings with a check for “screen” or “screen-256color” TERM, and don’t reset them in that case.

Tmux REALLY wants the terminal set to `screen` or `screen-256color`

#### 解决方法 ####

This is what worked for me in \#Ubuntu and \#Mac:

# File: ~/.bashrc (Ubuntu), ~/.bash_profile (Mac)
    # for VIM and TMUC
    if [ "$TERM" = "xterm" ]; then
      export TERM=xterm-256color
    fi
    alias tmux='tmux -2'  # for 256color
    alias tmux='tmux -u'  # to get rid of unicode rendering problem

Reload settings:

> $ source ~/.bashrc \# Ubuntu
> 
> $ source ~/.bash\_profile \# Mac

Set up .bashrc for Mac (as it is used by tmux)

# File: ~/.bashrc (Mac)
    source ~/.bash_profile

Set up “default-terminal” option in ~/.tmux.conf.

# File: ~/.tmux.conf
    set -g default-terminal "screen-256color"  # Mac and Ubuntu

--------------------

## 坑 2：Change background color of active or inactive pane in Tmux ##

详解 .tmux.conf 配置文件设置背景颜色的方法。其中，fg 是字体颜色，bg 是背景颜色。

[https://newbedev.com/change-background-color-of-active-or-inactive-pane-in-tmux][https_newbedev.com_change-background-color-of-active-or-inactive-pane-in-tmux]

It seems that tmux-2.1 (released 18 October 2015) now allows the colours of individual panes to be specified. From the changelog:

* 'select-pane' now understands '-P' to set window/pane background colours.

e.g. \[from the manual\] to change pane 1’s foreground (text) to blue and background to red use:

select-pane -t:.1 -P 'fg=blue,bg=red'

### To mimic iTerm colour scheme: ###

To answer the original question, I use the following lines in my `~/.tmux.conf` for setting the background/foreground colours to mimic the behaviour in iTerm:

#set inactive/active window styles
    set -g window-style 'fg=colour247,bg=colour236'
    set -g window-active-style 'fg=colour250,bg=black'
    
    # set the pane border colors 
    set -g pane-border-style 'fg=colour235,bg=colour238' 
    set -g pane-active-border-style 'fg=colour51,bg=colour236'

--------------------

## 坑 3：Reloading tmux config ##

写完配置文件后，需要手动 `source` 使其生效。

[https://blog.sanctum.geek.nz/reloading-tmux-config/][https_blog.sanctum.geek.nz_reloading-tmux-config]，Posted on [2012-03-19][https_blog.sanctum.geek.nz_reloading-tmux-config]

If you have made changes to your tmux configuration file in the `~/.tmux.conf` file, it shouldn’t be necessary to start the server up again from scratch with `kill-server`. Instead, you can prompt the current tmux session to reload the configuration with the `source-file` command.

This can be done either from within tmux, by pressing Ctrl+B and then `:` to bring up a command prompt, and typing:

:source-file ~/.tmux.conf

Or simply from a shell:

$ tmux source-file ~/.tmux.conf

This should apply your changes to the running tmux server without affecting the sessions or windows within them.

This entry was posted in [Tmux][] and tagged [configuration][], [reload][], [source][], [source-file][], [tmux.conf][] by [Tom Ryder][]. Bookmark the [permalink][https_blog.sanctum.geek.nz_reloading-tmux-config].

--------------------

## 附：tmux 配置中的 colour0~255 颜色表 ##

You can create it with `for i in {0..255}; do printf "\x1b[38;5;${i}mcolor%-5i\x1b[0m" $i ; if ! (( ($i + 1 ) % 8 )); then echo ; fi ; done`  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NpbmF0XzQyNDgzMzQx_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

配置文件：  
![在这里插入图片描述][20210602182120979.png]

效果：

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NpbmF0XzQyNDgzMzQx_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

[https_superuser.com_questions_399296_256-color-support-for-vim-background-in-tmux]: https://superuser.com/questions/399296/256-color-support-for-vim-background-in-tmux
[https_newbedev.com_change-background-color-of-active-or-inactive-pane-in-tmux]: https://newbedev.com/change-background-color-of-active-or-inactive-pane-in-tmux
[https_blog.sanctum.geek.nz_reloading-tmux-config]: https://blog.sanctum.geek.nz/reloading-tmux-config/
[Tmux]: https://blog.sanctum.geek.nz/category/tmux/
[configuration]: https://blog.sanctum.geek.nz/tag/configuration/
[reload]: https://blog.sanctum.geek.nz/tag/reload/
[source]: https://blog.sanctum.geek.nz/tag/source/
[source-file]: https://blog.sanctum.geek.nz/tag/source-file/
[tmux.conf]: https://blog.sanctum.geek.nz/tag/tmux-conf/
[Tom Ryder]: https://blog.sanctum.geek.nz/author/tom/
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NpbmF0XzQyNDgzMzQx_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20221014/1c519559806a4ac8b9d954c8ea9c7116.png
[20210602182120979.png]: /images/20221014/6df40b89d2294c75aaefc26c33f3c614.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NpbmF0XzQyNDgzMzQx_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20221014/3f1fdfd7342649a28f643edf927d24ce.png