java传输同时附件和普通文本给其它应用接口的方式

逃离我推掉我的手 2022-11-04 11:19 17阅读 0赞

在开发中,经常会遇到调用其它系统接口传数据的功能,一般都是穿文本数据,但是偶尔也会有传递附件的接口和普通文本的.

第一种,使用HttpURLConnection

package DownTest;
    
    import java.io.BufferedReader;
    import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
    import java.io.DataInputStream;
    import java.io.DataOutputStream;
    import java.io.File;
    import java.io.FileInputStream;
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.io.InputStream;
    import java.io.InputStreamReader;
    import java.io.OutputStream;
    import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
    import java.net.URL;
    import java.util.HashMap;
    
    import javax.activation.MimetypesFileTypeMap;
    
    import org.apache.http.entity.mime.MultipartEntityBuilder;
    
    public class FileToInterfaceTest01 { 
    
    	public void formUpload(HashMap<String, Object> params) { 
    	
    		String urlStr = "";
    		
    		String res = "";
    		String wf_docnumber="普通文本字段";
    		String LinkmanEmail="普通文本字段2";
    		HttpURLConnection conn = null;
    // boundary就是request头和上传文件内容的分隔符
    		String BOUNDARY = "---------------------------123821742118716";
    		try { 
    			URL url = new URL(urlStr);
    			conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
    			conn.setConnectTimeout(5000);
    			conn.setReadTimeout(30000);
    			conn.setDoOutput(true);
    			conn.setDoInput(true);
    			conn.setUseCaches(false);
    			conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
    			conn.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
    			conn.setRequestProperty("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; zh-CN; rv:1.9.2.6)");
    			conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "multipart/form-data; boundary=" + BOUNDARY);
    			OutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(conn.getOutputStream());
    // text
    			StringBuffer strBuf = new StringBuffer();
    
    			strBuf.append("\r\n").append("--").append(BOUNDARY).append("\r\n");
    			strBuf.append("Content-Disposition:form-data;name=\"wf_docnumber\"\r\n\r\n");
    			strBuf.append(wf_docnumber);
    			strBuf.append("\r\n").append("--").append(BOUNDARY).append("\r\n");
    			strBuf.append("Content-Disposition:form-data;name=\"LinkmanEmail\"\r\n\r\n");
    			strBuf.append(LinkmanEmail);
    			out.write(strBuf.toString().getBytes());
    // file
    
    			String filePath = "";
    			MultipartEntityBuilder reqEntity = MultipartEntityBuilder.create();
    			// ContentType contentType = ContentType.create("text/plain",
    			// Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
    			// ContentType contentType = ContentType.create(HTTP.PLAIN_TEXT_TYPE,
    			// HTTP.UTF_8);
    			
    					/* 读取文件 */
    
    					File file = new File(filePath);
    					// file.name
    					String filename="";
    					/* 如果文件存在 */
    					if (file.exists()) { 
    						
    						String contentType = new MimetypesFileTypeMap().getContentType(file);
    						contentType = "application/octet-stream";
    						// contentType="application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
    
    						StringBuffer strBuf2 = new StringBuffer();
    						strBuf2.append("\r\n").append("--").append(BOUNDARY).append("\r\n");
    						strBuf2.append("Content-Disposition:form-data;name=\"items\";filename=\"" + filename
    								+ "\"\r\n");
    						strBuf2.append("Content-Type:" + contentType + "\r\n\r\n");
    						out.write(strBuf2.toString().getBytes());
    						DataInputStream in = new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream(file));
    						int bytes = 0;
    						byte[] bufferOut = new byte[1024];
    						while ((bytes = in.read(bufferOut)) != -1) { 
    							out.write(bufferOut, 0, bytes);
    						}
    						in.close();
    
    					} else { 
    						System.out.println("Error: can't find the file " + filename);
    					}
    				
    			
    
    			byte[] endData = ("\r\n--" + BOUNDARY + "--\r\n").getBytes();
    			out.write(endData);
    			out.flush();
    			out.close();
    // 读取返回数据
    			StringBuffer strBuf3 = new StringBuffer();
    			InputStream inputStream = conn.getInputStream();
    			BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
    			String line = null;
    			while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) { 
    				strBuf3.append(line).append("\n");
    			}
    			res = strBuf3.toString();
    			reader.close();
    			reader = null;
    		} catch (Exception e) { 
    			System.out.println("发送POST请求出错。e=" + e);
    			
    			InputStream inputStream = conn.getErrorStream();
    
    			ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();// 自带缓存的输出流
    			String str = "";
    			/// String str2="";
    			int len = -1;
    			byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
    			try { 
    				while ((len = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) { 
    					baos.write(buffer, 0, len); // 将读到的字节，写入baos
    					// str2+=new String(buffer);
    				}
    				str = new String(baos.toByteArray(), "utf-8");
    				System.out.println(str);
    			} catch (IOException e1) { 
    				e.printStackTrace();
    			}
    			e.printStackTrace();
    		} finally { 
    			if (conn != null) { 
    				conn.disconnect();
    				conn = null;
    			}
    		}
    		System.out.println(res);
    	}
    
    }

第一种写起来太麻烦,使用HttpClient要方便多了

package DownTest;
    
    import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
    import java.io.File;
    import java.io.FileInputStream;
    import java.io.InputStream;
    import java.nio.charset.Charset;
    
    import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
    import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
    import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
    import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory;
    import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLContextBuilder;
    import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.TrustSelfSignedStrategy;
    import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;
    import org.apache.http.entity.mime.HttpMultipartMode;
    import org.apache.http.entity.mime.MultipartEntityBuilder;
    import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
    import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
    import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
    
    /**
     * java传递附件给接口
     * 
     *
     */
    public class FileToInterfaceTest02 { 
    	public void send() throws Exception { 
    
    		String url = "";
    
    		String res = "";
    		String wf_docnumber = "普通文本字段";
    		String LinkmanEmail = "普通文本字段2";
    		MultipartEntityBuilder fileList = getAttachmentsNameAndPath();
    		fileList.setCharset(java.nio.charset.Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
    		fileList.setMode(HttpMultipartMode.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE);
    		// BeanCtx.p(fileList);
    	
    		fileList.addTextBody("receiverMails", LinkmanEmail, ContentType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA);
    		fileList.addTextBody("wf_docnumber", wf_docnumber, ContentType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA);
    
    		SSLContextBuilder builder = new SSLContextBuilder();
    		builder.loadTrustMaterial(null, new TrustSelfSignedStrategy());
    		SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslFactory = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(builder.build());
    		CloseableHttpClient http = HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(sslFactory).build();
    
    		String list = postSend(fileList, url, http);
    		System.out.println(list);
    	}
    
    	public MultipartEntityBuilder getAttachmentsNameAndPath() throws Exception { 
    		MultipartEntityBuilder reqEntity = MultipartEntityBuilder.create();
    		ContentType contentType = ContentType.create("text/plain", Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
    		// ContentType contentType = ContentType.create(HTTP.PLAIN_TEXT_TYPE,
    		// HTTP.UTF_8);
    		String filePath = "";
    		/* 读取文件 */
    
    		File file = new File(filePath);
    		// file.name
    		/* 如果文件存在 */
    		if (file.exists()) { 
    
    			int fileLength = (int) file.length();
    
    			/* 如果文件长度大于0 */
    			if (fileLength != 0) { 
    				/* 创建输入流 */
    				InputStream inStream = new FileInputStream(file);
    
    				byte[] buf = new byte[4096];
    				/* 创建输出流gjjj */
    				ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(1024);
    				byte[] b = new byte[1000];
    
    				int readLength;
    				while (((readLength = inStream.read(buf)) != -1)) { 
    					bos.write(buf, 0, readLength);
    				}
    				inStream.close();
    
    				byte[] data = bos.toByteArray();
    				bos.close();
    				// application/x-www-form-urlencoded。
    				reqEntity.addBinaryBody("file", data, ContentType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA, file.getName());
    				// StringBody stringBody = new
    				// StringBody(doc.g("WF_OrUnid")+":"+downloadfilename, contentType);
    				// reqEntity.addPart("fileName", stringBody);
    				// fileList.add(map);
    
    			}
    
    		}
    
    		// return fileList;
    		return reqEntity;
    	}
    
    	public String postSend(MultipartEntityBuilder map, String url, CloseableHttpClient http) throws Exception { 
    		// System.out.println("url="+url);
    		String body = "";
    		String encoding = "utf-8";
    	
    		HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
    	
    
    		httpPost.setEntity(map.build());
    		
    		httpPost.setHeader("User-Agent", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.0; Windows NT; DigExt)");
    		
    
    		// 执行请求操作，并拿到结果（同步阻塞）
    		CloseableHttpResponse response = http.execute(httpPost);
    
    
    		// 获取结果实体
    		HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
    		if (entity != null) { 
    			// 按指定编码转换结果实体为String类型
    			body = EntityUtils.toString(entity, encoding);
    		}
    
    		response.close();
    		return body;
    	}
    }

上面两种虽然写法不同,但是其实是一样,都是模拟前端表单上传附件的形式,接口接收时是接收对应的io流.  
第三种,直接将文件读出来byte\[\],然后利用base64编码将byte\[\]转成string,组成json字符串传给接口方.接口方解析json字符串,根据key获取对于的文件数据,利用base64转码成byte\[\],再将byte\[\]写到本地就行.当然,编码和解码一定要配套,否则会导致文件传输出错.

package DownTest;
    
    import java.io.File;
    import java.io.FileInputStream;
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.io.InputStream;
    import java.nio.charset.Charset;
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.Base64;
    import java.util.HashMap;
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.Map;
    
    import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
    import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
    import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
    import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
    import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
    import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory;
    import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLContextBuilder;
    import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.TrustSelfSignedStrategy;
    import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
    import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
    import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
    import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
    import org.apache.http.protocol.HTTP;
    import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
    
    import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONArray;
    
    
    /**
     * java传递附件给接口
     * 
     *
     */
    public class FileToInterfaceTest03 { 
    	public void send() throws Exception { 
    		String url = "";
    
    		String res = "";
    		String wf_docnumber = "普通文本字段";
    		String LinkmanEmail = "普通文本字段2";
    		List<Map<String, String>> items = getFileStr();
    		// BeanCtx.p("items=" + items);
    
    		Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
    		map.put("items", items);
    		map.put("receiverMails", LinkmanEmail);
    		map.put("wf_docnumber", wf_docnumber);
    
    		List<NameValuePair> pairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
    		pairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("receiverMails", LinkmanEmail));
    		pairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("wf_docnumber", wf_docnumber));
    		pairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("items", JSONArray.toJSONString(items)));
    
    		SSLContextBuilder builder = new SSLContextBuilder();
    		builder.loadTrustMaterial(null, new TrustSelfSignedStrategy());
    		SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslFactory = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(builder.build());
    		CloseableHttpClient http = HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(sslFactory).build();
    
    		String list = postSend(map, url, http);
    
    		System.out.println(list);
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * 文件转化成base64字符串 将文件转化为字节数组字符串，并对其进行Base64编码处理
    	 */
    	public List<Map<String, String>> getFileStr() { 
    
    		// ContentType contentType = ContentType.create(HTTP.PLAIN_TEXT_TYPE,
    		// HTTP.UTF_8);
    		List<Map<String, String>> items = new ArrayList<Map<String, String>>();
    
    		String filePath = "";
    		File file = new File(filePath);
    		// file.name
    		String fileName = "";
    		/* 如果文件存在 */
    		if (file.exists()) { 
    			Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
    			int fileLength = (int) file.length();
    
    			/* 如果文件长度大于0 */
    			if (fileLength != 0) { 
    				/* 创建输入流 */
    
    				InputStream in = null;
    				byte[] data = null;
    				// 读取文件字节数组
    				try { 
    					in = new FileInputStream(file);
    					data = new byte[in.available()];
    					in.read(data);
    					in.close();
    				} catch (IOException e) { 
    					e.printStackTrace();
    				} finally { 
    					try { 
    						in.close();
    					} catch (IOException e) { 
    						e.printStackTrace();
    					}
    				}
    				// 对字节数组Base64编码
    				// BASE64Encoder encoder = new BASE64Encoder();
    				// 对字节数组Base64编码
    				// 返回 Base64 编码过的字节数组字符串
    				String fileStr = toBase64String(data);// encoder.encode(data);
    				map.put("fileName", fileName);
    				map.put("file", fileStr);
    				items.add(map);
    
    			}
    
    		}
    
    		return items;
    		/*
    		 * InputStream in = null; byte[] data = null; // 读取文件字节数组 try {  in = new
    		 * FileInputStream(filePath); data = new byte[in.available()]; in.read(data);
    		 * in.close(); } catch (IOException e) {  e.printStackTrace(); } finally {  try { 
    		 * in.close(); } catch (IOException e) {  e.printStackTrace(); } }
    		 */
    
    	}
    
    	public String toBase64String(byte[] source) { 
    
    //	return Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(source);
    
    		return Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(source).replaceAll("\r\n", "").replaceAll("\r", "").replaceAll("\n",
    				"");
    		// Base64.encodeBase64String(source).replaceAll("\r\n", "").replaceAll("\r",
    		// "").replaceAll("\n", "");
    
    	}
    
    // json字符串传递数据
    	public String postSend(Map<String, Object> map, String url, CloseableHttpClient http) throws Exception { 
    		// System.out.println("url="+url);
    //	BeanCtx.p("<br/>参数=" + JSONArray.toJSONString(map));
    		String body = "";
    		String encoding = "utf-8";
    
    		HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
    		httpPost.setEntity(new StringEntity(JSONArray.toJSONString(map), Charset.forName("UTF-8")));
    		httpPost.setHeader("Content-type", "application/json;charset=utf-8");
    		httpPost.setHeader("User-Agent", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.0; Windows NT; DigExt)");
    
    		// 执行请求操作，并拿到结果（同步阻塞）
    		CloseableHttpResponse response = http.execute(httpPost);
    
    		// 获取结果实体
    		HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
    		if (entity != null) { 
    			// 按指定编码转换结果实体为String类型
    			body = EntityUtils.toString(entity, encoding);
    		}
    
    		response.close();
    		return body;
    	}
    
    // NameValuePair传递
    	public String postSend(List<NameValuePair> pairs, String url, CloseableHttpClient http) throws Exception { 
    		// System.out.println("url="+url);
    		String body = "";
    		String encoding = "utf-8";
    
    		HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
    //"application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
    		httpPost.addHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
    		// 4.添加参数
    
    		httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairs, HTTP.UTF_8));
    		// httpPost.setHeader("Content-type", "application/json;charset=utf-8");
    		httpPost.setHeader("User-Agent", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.0; Windows NT; DigExt)");
    
    		// 执行请求操作，并拿到结果（同步阻塞）
    		CloseableHttpResponse response = http.execute(httpPost);
    
    		// 获取结果实体
    		HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
    		if (entity != null) { 
    			// 按指定编码转换结果实体为String类型
    			body = EntityUtils.toString(entity, encoding);
    		}
    
    		response.close();
    		return body;
    	}
    }