python爬取公司年报

比眉伴天荒 2022-11-11 13:14 152阅读 0赞

# 1 环境准备 #

*  运行平台  
    本文是在linux系统上运行的，换成windows需要更换对应文件路径
 *  python 包  
    logging (用于记录日志)

# 2 代码 #

简要叙述一下python代码，如下：

""" 使用正则表达式： ^\s*\n 替换空行 """
    import logging
    import requests
    import random
    import time
    import sys
    import os
    download_path= 'http://www.cninfo.com.cn/new/index'
    # 需对应更换成windows 的路径
    saving_path= '/home/lawson/program/CompanyAnnualReport/report/'
    User_Agent= [
    "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64; Trident/5.0; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; Media Center PC 6.0)",
    "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.0; Trident/4.0; WOW64; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; .NET CLR 1.0.3705; .NET CLR 1.1.4322)",
    "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0b; Windows NT 5.2; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; InfoPath.2; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.30)",
    "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; zh-CN) AppleWebKit/523.15 (KHTML, like Gecko, Safari/419.3) Arora/0.3 (Change: 287 c9dfb30)",
    "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux; en-US) AppleWebKit/527+ (KHTML, like Gecko, Safari/419.3) Arora/0.6",
    "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.8.1.2pre) Gecko/20070215 K-Ninja/2.1.1",
    "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; zh-CN; rv:1.9) Gecko/20080705 Firefox/3.0 Kapiko/3.0"
    ] #User_Agent的集合
    
    headers= { 'Accept': 'application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01',
    "Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8",
    "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate",
    "Accept-Language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en-US;q=0.8,en;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.6,zh-TW;q=0.5",
    'Host': 'www.cninfo.com.cn',
    'Origin': 'http://www.cninfo.com.cn',
    'Referer': 'http://www.cninfo.com.cn/new/commonUrl?url=disclosure/list/notice',
    'X-Requested-With': 'XMLHttpRequest'
    }
    
    """ 功能：请求单页的内容 """
    def single_page(page_num,date):
        # 这个url是从 F12 获取到的
        query_path= 'http://www.cninfo.com.cn/new/hisAnnouncement/query'
        headers['User-Agent']= random.choice(User_Agent) #定义User_Agent
        
        # 弄清楚下面每项的参数含义
        query= { 
        'pageNum': page_num,
        'pageSize': 30,
        'column': 'szse',   
        'tabName': 'fulltext',
        'plate': '',
        'stock':'' ,
        'searchkey':'',
        'secid':'' ,
        'category': 'category_ndbg_szsh',
        'trade': '',
        'seDate': date, # 设置一个更新
        'sortName':'' ,
        'sortType': '',
        'isHLtitle': 'true',
        }
        namelist= requests.post(query_path,headers = headers,data = query)
        # <class 'requests.models.Response'> ['announcements']说明这个 namelist.json() 就是一个字典
        # if page_num == 101:
        # print("2w")
        
        try:
            # if namelist.content != '':
            # return namelist.json()['announcements']
            return namelist.json()['announcements'] #json中的年度报告信息
        except:
            return [] # 
    
    
    """ 功能：下载单页中的年报 parameters: 1. single_page: 单个页面中的信息 """
    def download(single_page,year): #下载年报
        try:
            headers= { 'Accept': 'application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01',
            "Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8",
            "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate",
            "Accept-Language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en-US;q=0.8,en;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.6,zh-TW;q=0.5",
            'Host': 'www.cninfo.com.cn',
            'Origin': 'http://www.cninfo.com.cn'
            }
            for i in single_page:
                #print(i)
                title = i['announcementTitle']
                aim_1 = year+"年年度报告(更新后)"
                aim_2 = year+"年年度报告"
                if title == aim_1 or title == aim_2:
                    url='http://www.cninfo.com.cn/new/announcement/download?bulletinId=' + i['announcementId']+'&announceTime='+i['adjunctUrl'][10:20]
                    name= i["secCode"]+ '_' + i['secName']+ '_' + i['announcementTitle']+ '.pdf'
    
                    if '*' in name:
                        name= name.replace('*','')
                    file_path= saving_path+ name
                    time.sleep(random.random()* 2)
                    headers['User-Agent']= random.choice(User_Agent)
                    r = requests.get(url,headers = headers)
                    with open(file_path,'wb') as f:                
                        f.write(r.content)                    
                        print(f"{name}下载成功")
                else:
                    continue
        except:        
            pass
    
    
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        # step1. 构造时间区域
        #date_range = ['2016-01-01~2016-04-30','2017-01-01~2017-04-30','2018-01-01~2018-04-30','2019-01-01~2019-04-30','2021-01-01~2021-04-30']
        date_range = ['2019-01-01~2019-04-30','2021-01-01~2021-04-30']
        # step2. 构建日志记录器
        log_name = "log"
        logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO,
                            filemode='w',
                            filename="./"+log_name)
        logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
        for date in date_range:
            for cur_page in range(1010):
                logger.info(f"当前正在进行的时间段是：{date},当前的访问页是：{cur_page}")
                page_data= single_page(cur_page,date) # page_data
                year = str(int(date.split("-")[0]) - 1) # 得到年份 
                download(page_data,year)