php zendvm,提升PHP性能之改变Zend引擎分发方式

缺乏、安全感 2022-11-13 08:29 260阅读 0赞

从PHP5.1开始,PHP提供了用户对Zend VM执行分发方式的选择接口.

之前的文章中, 我也提过这方面的内容, Zend虚拟机在执行的时候, 对于编译生成的op\_array中的每一条opline的opcode都会分发到相应的处理器(zend\_vm\_def.h定义)执行, 而按照分发的方式不同, 分发过程可以分为CALL, SWITCH, 和GOTO三种类型.

默认是CALL方式, 也就是所有的opcode处理器都定义为函数, 然后虚拟机调用. 这种方式是传统的方式, 也一般被认为是最稳定的方式.

SWITCH方式和GOTO方式则和其命名的意义相同, 分别通过switch和goto来分发opcode到对应的处理逻辑(段).

官方给出的描述是:

CALL - Uses function handlers for opcodes

SWITCH - Uses switch() statement for opcode dispatch

GOTO - Uses goto for opcode dispatch (threaded opcodes architecture)

GOTO is usually (depends on CPU and compiler) faster than SWITCH, which

tends to be slightly faster than CALL.

CALL is default because it doesn't take very long to compile as opposed

to the other two and in general the speed is quite close to the others.

那么如果使用GOTO方式, 效率上到底能提高多少呢?

今天我就分别使用各种方式来测试一番, 测试脚本bench.php.

第一点被证明的就是, 官方说的GOTO方式编译耗时显著高于其他俩种方式, 我一开始在虚拟机上编译, 每次都Hangup(囧), 最后只好换了个强劲点的物理机, 大约3分钟后, 编译成功..

测试环境:

PHP 5.3.0 Linux

AMD Opteron(tm) Processor 270(2G) X 4 6G Memory

编译参数:

./configure --with-zend-vm=CALL/GOTO/SWITCH

测试结果如下(都是三次取中值):

CALL方式:

laruence@dev01.tc$ sapi/cli/php bench.php

simple 0.358

simplecall 0.418

simpleucall 0.405

simpleudcall 0.424

mandel 1.011

mandel2 1.238

ackermann(7) 0.375

ary(50000) 0.083

ary2(50000) 0.075

ary3(2000) 0.561

fibo(30) 1.156

hash1(50000) 0.114

hash2(500) 0.091

heapsort(20000) 0.270

matrix(20) 0.276

nestedloop(12) 0.599

sieve(30) 0.350

strcat(200000) 0.039

\------------------------

Total 7.844

SWITCH方式:

laruence@dev01.tc$ sapi/cli/php bench.php

simple 0.393

simplecall 0.414

simpleucall 0.424

simpleudcall 0.445

mandel 1.007

mandel2 1.254

ackermann(7) 0.392

ary(50000) 0.084

ary2(50000) 0.073

ary3(2000) 0.593

fibo(30) 1.185

hash1(50000) 0.120

hash2(500) 0.092

heapsort(20000) 0.285

matrix(20) 0.295

nestedloop(12) 0.678

sieve(30) 0.359

strcat(200000) 0.042

\------------------------

Total 8.138

GOTO方式 :

laruence@dev01.tc$ sapi/cli/php bench.php

simple 0.306

simplecall 0.373

simpleucall 0.369

simpleudcall 0.385

mandel 0.879

mandel2 1.132

ackermann(7) 0.356

ary(50000) 0.081

ary2(50000) 0.073

ary3(2000) 0.525

fibo(30) 1.043

hash1(50000) 0.111

hash2(500) 0.088

heapsort(20000) 0.247

matrix(20) 0.247

nestedloop(12) 0.519

sieve(30) 0.331

strcat(200000) 0.037

\------------------------

Total 7.103

可见, GOTO方式最快, SWITCH方式最慢.和官方的描述稍有不符.

GOTO方式比其默认的CALL方式, 性能提升还是比较明显的.

所以, 如果你希望让PHP发挥到机制, 改变Zend VM的分发方式, 也可以做为一个考虑因素.

附:

使用GOTO方式的configure选项:

\--with-zend-vm=GOTO

也可以在Zend目录下使用:

php zend\_vm\_gen.php --with-vm-kind=\[CALL|GOTO|SWITH\]

测试脚本bench.php

/\*\*

\* PHP Perf Bench Test Script

\*/

function simple() \{

$a = 0;

for ($i = 0; $i < 1000000; $i++)

$a++;

$thisisanotherlongname = 0;

for ($thisisalongname = 0; $thisisalongname < 1000000; $thisisalongname++)

$thisisanotherlongname++;

/\*\*\*\*/

function simplecall() \{

for ($i = 0; $i < 1000000; $i++)

strlen("hallo");

/\*\*\*\*/

function hallo($a) \{

function simpleucall() \{

for ($i = 0; $i < 1000000; $i++)

hallo("hallo");

/\*\*\*\*/

function simpleudcall() \{

for ($i = 0; $i < 1000000; $i++)

hallo2("hallo");

function hallo2($a) \{

/\*\*\*\*/

function mandel() \{

$w1=50;

$h1=150;

$recen=-.45;

$imcen=0.0;

$r=0.7;

$s=0; $rec=0; $imc=0; $re=0; $im=0; $re2=0; $im2=0;

$x=0; $y=0; $w2=0; $h2=0; $color=0;

$s=2\*$r/$w1;

$w2=40;

$h2=12;

for ($y=0 ; $y<=$w1; $y=$y+1) \{

$imc=$s\*($y-$h2)+$imcen;

for ($x=0 ; $x<=$h1; $x=$x+1) \{

$rec=$s\*($x-$w2)+$recen;

$re=$rec;

$im=$imc;

$color=1000;

$re2=$re\*$re;

$im2=$im\*$im;

while( ((($re2+$im2)<1000000) && $color>0)) \{

$im=$re\*$im\*2+$imc;

$re=$re2-$im2+$rec;

$re2=$re\*$re;

$im2=$im\*$im;

$color=$color-1;

if ( $color==0 ) \{

print "\_";

\} else \{

print "\#";

print "  
";

flush();

/\*\*\*\*/

function mandel2() \{

$b = " .:,;!/>)|&IH%\*\#";

//float r, i, z, Z, t, c, C;

for ($y=30; printf("\\n"), $C = $y\*0.1 - 1.5, $y--;)\{

for ($x=0; $c = $x\*0.04 - 2, $z=0, $Z=0, $x++ < 75;)\{

for ($r=$c, $i=$C, $k=0; $t = $z\*$z - $Z\*$Z + $r, $Z = 2\*$z\*$Z + $i, $z=$t, $k<5000; $k++)

if ($z\*$z + $Z\*$Z > 500000) break;

echo $b\[$k%16\];

/\*\*\*\*/

function Ack($m, $n)\{

if($m == 0) return $n+1;

if($n == 0) return Ack($m-1, 1);

return Ack($m - 1, Ack($m, ($n - 1)));

function ackermann($n) \{

$r = Ack(3,$n);

print "Ack(3,$n): $r\\n";

/\*\*\*\*/

function ary($n) \{

for ($i=0; $i

$X\[$i\] = $i;

for ($i=$n-1; $i>=0; $i--) \{

$Y\[$i\] = $X\[$i\];

$last = $n-1;

print "$Y\[$last\]\\n";

/\*\*\*\*/

function ary2($n) \{

for ($i=0; $i

$X\[$i\] = $i; ++$i;

for ($i=$n-1; $i>=0;) \{

$Y\[$i\] = $X\[$i\]; --$i;

$last = $n-1;

print "$Y\[$last\]\\n";

/\*\*\*\*/

function ary3($n) \{

for ($i=0; $i

$X\[$i\] = $i + 1;

$Y\[$i\] = 0;

for ($k=0; $k<1000; $k++) \{

for ($i=$n-1; $i>=0; $i--) \{

$Y\[$i\] += $X\[$i\];

$last = $n-1;

print "$Y\[0\] $Y\[$last\]\\n";

/\*\*\*\*/

function fibo\_r($n)\{

return(($n < 2) ? 1 : fibo\_r($n - 2) + fibo\_r($n - 1));

function fibo($n) \{

$r = fibo\_r($n);

print "$r\\n";

/\*\*\*\*/

function hash1($n) \{

for ($i = 1; $i <= $n; $i++) \{

$X\[dechex($i)\] = $i;

$c = 0;

for ($i = $n; $i > 0; $i--) \{

if ($X\[dechex($i)\]) \{ $c++; \}

print "$c\\n";

/\*\*\*\*/

function hash2($n) \{

for ($i = 0; $i < $n; $i++) \{

$hash1\["foo\_$i"\] = $i;

$hash2\["foo\_$i"\] = 0;

for ($i = $n; $i > 0; $i--) \{

foreach($hash1 as $key => $value) $hash2\[$key\] += $value;

$first = "foo\_0";

$last = "foo\_".($n-1);

print "$hash1\[$first\] $hash1\[$last\] $hash2\[$first\] $hash2\[$last\]\\n";

/\*\*\*\*/

function gen\_random ($n) \{

global $LAST;

return( ($n \* ($LAST = ($LAST \* IA + IC) % IM)) / IM );

function heapsort\_r($n, &$ra) \{

$l = ($n >> 1) + 1;

$ir = $n;

while (1) \{

if ($l > 1) \{

$rra = $ra\[--$l\];

\} else \{

$rra = $ra\[$ir\];

$ra\[$ir\] = $ra\[1\];

if (--$ir == 1) \{

$ra\[1\] = $rra;

return;

$i = $l;

$j = $l << 1;

while ($j <= $ir) \{

if (($j < $ir) && ($ra\[$j\] < $ra\[$j+1\])) \{

$j++;

if ($rra < $ra\[$j\]) \{

$ra\[$i\] = $ra\[$j\];

$j += ($i = $j);

\} else \{

$j = $ir + 1;

$ra\[$i\] = $rra;

function heapsort($N) \{

global $LAST;

define("IM", 139968);

define("IA", 3877);

define("IC", 29573);

$LAST = 42;

for ($i=1; $i<=$N; $i++) \{

$ary\[$i\] = gen\_random(1);

heapsort\_r($N, $ary);

printf("%.10f\\n", $ary\[$N\]);

/\*\*\*\*/

function mkmatrix ($rows, $cols) \{

$count = 1;

$mx = array();

for ($i=0; $i

for ($j=0; $j

$mx\[$i\]\[$j\] = $count++;

return($mx);

function mmult ($rows, $cols, $m1, $m2) \{

$m3 = array();

for ($i=0; $i

for ($j=0; $j

$x = 0;

for ($k=0; $k

$x += $m1\[$i\]\[$k\] \* $m2\[$k\]\[$j\];

$m3\[$i\]\[$j\] = $x;

return($m3);

function matrix($n) \{

$SIZE = 30;

$m1 = mkmatrix($SIZE, $SIZE);

$m2 = mkmatrix($SIZE, $SIZE);

while ($n--) \{

$mm = mmult($SIZE, $SIZE, $m1, $m2);

print "\{$mm\[0\]\[0\]\} \{$mm\[2\]\[3\]\} \{$mm\[3\]\[2\]\} \{$mm\[4\]\[4\]\}\\n";

/\*\*\*\*/

function nestedloop($n) \{

$x = 0;

for ($a=0; $a

for ($b=0; $b

for ($c=0; $c

for ($d=0; $d

for ($e=0; $e

for ($f=0; $f

$x++;

print "$x\\n";

/\*\*\*\*/

function sieve($n) \{

$count = 0;

while ($n-- > 0) \{

$count = 0;

$flags = range (0,8192);

for ($i=2; $i<8193; $i++) \{

if ($flags\[$i\] > 0) \{

for ($k=$i+$i; $k <= 8192; $k+=$i) \{

$flags\[$k\] = 0;

$count++;

print "Count: $count\\n";

/\*\*\*\*/

function strcat($n) \{

$str = "";

while ($n-- > 0) \{

$str .= "hello\\n";

$len = strlen($str);

print "$len\\n";

/\*\*\*\*\*/

function getmicrotime()

$t = gettimeofday();

return ($t\['sec'\] + $t\['usec'\] / 1000000);

function start\_test()

ob\_start();

return getmicrotime();

function end\_test($start, $name)

global $total;

$end = getmicrotime();

ob\_end\_clean();

$total += $end-$start;

$num = number\_format($end-$start,3);

$pad = str\_repeat(" ", 24-strlen($name)-strlen($num));

echo $name.$pad.$num."\\n";

ob\_start();

return getmicrotime();

function total()

global $total;

$pad = str\_repeat("-", 24);

echo $pad."\\n";

$num = number\_format($total,3);

$pad = str\_repeat(" ", 24-strlen("Total")-strlen($num));

echo "Total".$pad.$num."\\n";

$t0 = $t = start\_test();

simple();

$t = end\_test($t, "simple");

simplecall();

$t = end\_test($t, "simplecall");

simpleucall();

$t = end\_test($t, "simpleucall");

simpleudcall();

$t = end\_test($t, "simpleudcall");

mandel();

$t = end\_test($t, "mandel");

mandel2();

$t = end\_test($t, "mandel2");

ackermann(7);

$t = end\_test($t, "ackermann(7)");

ary(50000);

$t = end\_test($t, "ary(50000)");

ary2(50000);

$t = end\_test($t, "ary2(50000)");

ary3(2000);

$t = end\_test($t, "ary3(2000)");

fibo(30);

$t = end\_test($t, "fibo(30)");

hash1(50000);

$t = end\_test($t, "hash1(50000)");

hash2(500);

$t = end\_test($t, "hash2(500)");

heapsort(20000);

$t = end\_test($t, "heapsort(20000)");

matrix(20);

$t = end\_test($t, "matrix(20)");

nestedloop(12);

$t = end\_test($t, "nestedloop(12)");

sieve(30);

$t = end\_test($t, "sieve(30)");

strcat(200000);

$t = end\_test($t, "strcat(200000)");

total($t0, "Total");

php zendvm,提升PHP性能之改变Zend引擎分发方式

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