Flink SQL与Hive的集成

傷城~ 2022-11-18 02:14 463阅读 0赞

**版本说明：**

*  flink-1.12.1
 *  hive-2.3.4

### 目录 ###

*   *  （1）Flink SQL与Hive集成的架构图
     *  （2）Flink 与 Hive 的集成包含两个层面
     *  （3）Flink SQL与Hive的集成配置
     *  （4）测试Flink SQL与Hive集成代码
     *  （5）测试kafka数据源与hive写入数据

## （1）Flink SQL与Hive集成的架构图 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NTM2NjQ5OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center]

## （2）Flink 与 Hive 的集成包含两个层面 ##

*  **一是利用了 Hive 的 MetaStore 作为持久化的 Catalog**  
    用户可通过HiveCatalog将不同会话中的 Flink 元数据存储到 Hive Metastore 中。 例如，用户可以使用HiveCatalog将其 Kafka 表或 Elasticsearch 表存储在 Hive Metastore 中，并后续在 SQL 查询中重新使用它们。
 *  **二是利用 Flink 来读写 Hive 的表。**  
    HiveCatalog的设计提供了与 Hive 良好的兼容性，用户可以”开箱即用”的访问其已有的 Hive 数仓。 您不需要修改现有的 Hive Metastore，也不需要更改表的数据位置或分区。

## （3）Flink SQL与Hive的集成配置 ##

第一步：配置HADOOP\_CLASSPATH，需要在/etc/profile文件中配置如下的环境变量

export HADOOP_CLASSPATH=`hadoop classpath`

第二步：将hive的jar包复制到flink的lib目录下

*  flink-connector-hive\_2.11-1.12.1.jar
 *  hive-exec-2.3.4.jar
 *  flink-sql-connector-hive-2.3.6\_2.11-1.12.1.jar

flink-connector-hive\_2.11-1.12.1.jar这个包在maven仓库下载：

*  [https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.flink/flink-connector-hive\_2.11/1.12.1][https_mvnrepository.com_artifact_org.apache.flink_flink-connector-hive_2.11_1.12.1]

flink-sql-connector-hive-2.3.6\_2.11-1.12.1.jar这个包在maven仓库下载：

*  [https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.flink/flink-sql-connector-hive-2.3.6\_2.11/1.12.1][https_mvnrepository.com_artifact_org.apache.flink_flink-sql-connector-hive-2.3.6_2.11_1.12.1]

第三步：添加Maven 依赖

<dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.flink</groupId>
      <artifactId>flink-connector-hive_2.11</artifactId>
      <version>${flink.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.hive</groupId>
      <artifactId>hive-exec</artifactId>
      <version>${hive.version}</version>
    </dependency>

## （4）测试Flink SQL与Hive集成代码 ##

package com.aikfk.flink.sql;
    
    public class CommonSQL { 
    
        public static final String hiveCatalog_name = "flink_udata";
        public static final String hiveDatabase_name = "flink";
        public static final String hiveConfDir = "/Users/caizhengjie/Desktop/hive-conf";
        public static final String version = "2.3.4";
    
    
        public static final String user_product_hive_create = "CREATE TABLE user_product_hive (\n" +
                " user_id STRING,\n" +
                " product_id STRING,\n" +
                " click_count INT" +
                ") partitioned by (dt string,hr string) " +
                "stored as PARQUET " +
                "TBLPROPERTIES (\n" +
                " 'partition.time-extractor.timestamp-pattern'='$dt $hr:00:00',\n" +
                " 'sink.partition-commit.delay'='5 s',\n" +
                " 'sink.partition-commit.trigger'='partition-time',\n" +
                " 'sink.partition-commit.policy.kind'='metastore,success-file'" +
                ")";
    
        public static final String user_product_kafka_create =
                "CREATE TABLE user_product_kafka (\n" +
                " user_id STRING," +
                " product_id STRING," +
                " click_count INT ," +
                " ts bigint ," +
                " r_t AS TO_TIMESTAMP(FROM_UNIXTIME(ts,'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss'),'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss'),\n" +
                " WATERMARK FOR r_t AS r_t - INTERVAL '5' SECOND " +
                ") WITH (" +
                " 'connector' = 'kafka'," +
                " 'topic' = 'kfk'," +
                " 'properties.bootstrap.servers' = 'bigdata-pro-m07:9092'," +
                " 'properties.group.id' = 'test1'," +
                " 'format' = 'json'," +
                " 'scan.startup.mode' = 'latest-offset'" +
                ")";
    
        public static final String user_product_kafka_drop ="DROP TABLE IF EXISTS user_product_kafka";
        public static final String user_product_hive_drop ="DROP TABLE IF EXISTS user_product_hive";
    
        public static final String user_product_kafka_insert_hive =
                "insert into user_product_hive SELECT user_id, product_id, click_count, " +
                " DATE_FORMAT(r_t, 'yyyy-MM-dd'), DATE_FORMAT(r_t, 'HH') FROM user_product_kafka";
    
    }

package com.aikfk.flink.sql.hive;
    
    import com.aikfk.flink.sql.CommonSQL;
    import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.environment.StreamExecutionEnvironment;
    import org.apache.flink.table.api.EnvironmentSettings;
    import org.apache.flink.table.api.SqlDialect;
    import org.apache.flink.table.api.bridge.java.StreamTableEnvironment;
    import org.apache.flink.table.catalog.hive.HiveCatalog;
    
    public class FlinkKafkaHive { 
        public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{ 
            StreamExecutionEnvironment env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment();
            EnvironmentSettings settings = EnvironmentSettings.newInstance().inStreamingMode().useBlinkPlanner().build();
            StreamTableEnvironment tableEnvironment = StreamTableEnvironment.create(env , settings);
    
            env.enableCheckpointing(5000);
    
            HiveCatalog hiveCatalog =
                    new HiveCatalog(
                            CommonSQL.hiveCatalog_name,
                            CommonSQL.hiveDatabase_name,
                            CommonSQL.hiveConfDir,
                            CommonSQL.version
                            );
            tableEnvironment.registerCatalog(CommonSQL.hiveCatalog_name,hiveCatalog);
            tableEnvironment.useCatalog(CommonSQL.hiveCatalog_name);
    
            tableEnvironment.getConfig().setSqlDialect(SqlDialect.DEFAULT);
            tableEnvironment.executeSql(CommonSQL.user_product_kafka_drop);
            tableEnvironment.executeSql(CommonSQL.user_product_kafka_create);
    
            tableEnvironment.getConfig().setSqlDialect(SqlDialect.HIVE);
            tableEnvironment.executeSql(CommonSQL.user_product_hive_drop);
            tableEnvironment.executeSql(CommonSQL.user_product_hive_create);
    
            tableEnvironment.executeSql(CommonSQL.user_product_kafka_insert_hive).print();
    
            env.execute();
        }
    }

## （5）测试kafka数据源与hive写入数据 ##

生产者生产数据：

package com.aikfk.flink.base;
    
    import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.KafkaProducer;
    import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.Producer;
    import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.ProducerRecord;
    
    import java.util.Properties;
    import java.util.Random;
    
    public class KafkaProducerUtil extends Thread { 
    
            private String topic = "kfk";
    
            public KafkaProducerUtil() { 
                super();
            }
    
            private Producer<String, String> createProducer() { 
                // 通过Properties类设置Producer的属性
                Properties properties = new Properties();
                properties.put("bootstrap.servers", "bigdata-pro-m07:9092");
                properties.put("key.serializer", "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer");
                properties.put("value.serializer", "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer");
    
                return new KafkaProducer<String, String>(properties);
            }
    
            @Override
            public void run() { 
                Producer<String, String> producer = createProducer();
                Random random = new Random();
                Random random2 = new Random();
    
                while (true) { 
                    String user_id = "user_"+random.nextInt(10);
                    String product_id = "product_"+random2.nextInt(100);
                    System.out.println(user_id + " :" + product_id);
                    String time = System.currentTimeMillis() / 1000 + 5 + "";
                    try { 
    //
                        String kaifa_log = "{" +
                                "\"user_id\":\"" + user_id+"\"," +
                                "\"product_id\":\"" + product_id+"\"," +
                                "\"click_count\":\"1" + "\"," +
                                "\"ts\":" + time + "}";
                        System.out.println("kaifa_log = " + kaifa_log);
                        producer.send(new ProducerRecord<String, String>(this.topic, kaifa_log));
    
                    } catch (Exception e) { 
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                    System.out.println("=========循环一次==========");
    
    
                    try { 
                        sleep(1000);
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) { 
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }
    
            public static void main(String[] args) { 
                new KafkaProducerUtil().run();
            }
    
    }

生产结果：

user_7 :product_74
    kaifa_log = { "user_id":"user_7","product_id":"product_74","click_count":"1","ts":1618228651}
    =========循环一次==========
    user_5 :product_62
    kaifa_log = { "user_id":"user_5","product_id":"product_62","click_count":"1","ts":1618228653}
    =========循环一次==========
    user_9 :product_50
    kaifa_log = { "user_id":"user_9","product_id":"product_50","click_count":"1","ts":1618228654}
    =========循环一次==========

通过flink SQL client查看数据

Flink SQL> select * from user_product_kafka;

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NTM2NjQ5OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 1]  
查看hive写入数据情况：问题暂未解决！可能是jar包问题

关于Flink SQL与hive的集成更多见官方文档：

*  [https://ci.apache.org/projects/flink/flink-docs-release-1.12/zh/dev/table/connectors/hive/][https_ci.apache.org_projects_flink_flink-docs-release-1.12_zh_dev_table_connectors_hive]

--------------------

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[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NTM2NjQ5OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center]: /images/20221022/ed7a50b81f904525bcc773bc0aa3d70e.png
[https_mvnrepository.com_artifact_org.apache.flink_flink-connector-hive_2.11_1.12.1]: https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.flink/flink-connector-hive_2.11/1.12.1
[https_mvnrepository.com_artifact_org.apache.flink_flink-sql-connector-hive-2.3.6_2.11_1.12.1]: https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.flink/flink-sql-connector-hive-2.3.6_2.11/1.12.1
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NTM2NjQ5OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 1]: /images/20221022/23699e819f1345dda953648bb5377052.png
[https_ci.apache.org_projects_flink_flink-docs-release-1.12_zh_dev_table_connectors_hive]: https://ci.apache.org/projects/flink/flink-docs-release-1.12/zh/dev/table/connectors/hive/