Nacos 学习笔记：安装运行初体验

忘是亡心i 2022-11-21 11:54 464阅读 0赞

### Nacos 学习笔记：安装运行 + 初体验 ###

*  版本说明
 *  下载地址
 *  Windows 版本
 *   *  安装
     *  单机运行
     *   *  优化启动方式
         *  使用 mysql 数据库
     *  集群部署
 *  Linux 版本
 *   *  下载
     *  安装
     *  设置数据库使用 MySQL \[可选\]
     *  运行
     *  添加服务自启动
 *  Nacos 管理界面支持的操作
 *  参考资料

学习中使用的是 `windows`

# 版本说明 #

*  [spring-cloud-alibaba 各组件版本说明][spring-cloud-alibaba]
 *  Nacos 需要 [JDK 1.8][]

# 下载地址 #

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th>站点</th> 
   <th>链接</th> 
   <th>Win</th> 
   <th>Linux</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>github</td> 
   <td><a href="https://github.com/alibaba/nacos/releases/tag/1.3.2" rel="nofollow">https://github.com/alibaba/nacos/releases/tag/1.3.2</a></td> 
   <td>.zip</td> 
   <td>.tar.gz</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>gitee</td> 
   <td><a href="https://gitee.com/mirrors/Nacos" rel="nofollow">https://gitee.com/mirrors/Nacos</a> 放在 <a href="https://pan.baidu.com/s/1186nmlqPGows9gUZKAx8Zw" rel="nofollow">百度盘</a>提交码<code>rest</code></td> 
   <td>zip</td> 
   <td>.tar.gz</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>csdn</td> 
   <td><a href="https://download.csdn.net/download/jx520/13081973" rel="nofollow">https://download.csdn.net/download/jx520/13081973 (v1.3.2)</a></td> 
   <td>zip</td> 
   <td></td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

# Windows 版本 #

## 安装 ##

不需要安装，解压即可。我解压在 `D:\nacos`

## 单机运行 ##

*  进入`D:\nacos\bin`在地址栏输入 `cmd` 打开命令行，输入`startup.cmd -m standalone`回车启动。
 *  启动完成后访问 [http://127.0.0.1:8848/nacos][http_127.0.0.1_8848_nacos] 即可账号密码默认都是 `nacos` 。

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2p4NTIw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center]

### 优化启动方式 ###

`nacos`的启动脚本`startup.cmd`默认是以`cluster 集群`方式启动。直接运行肯定报错，官方教程里是启动时添加参数 `-m standalone` 。但每次都这么手打太不方便，如下两个方案：

1.  搞一份`standalone`模式的启动脚本：  
    复制`startup.cmd` 为 `startup-standalone.cmd`。修改启动模式 `set MODE="cluster"` 改为 `set MODE="standalone"`。这样就可以直接双击 `startup-standalone.cmd`启动了。
2.  给`startup.cmd`创建快捷方式，在快捷方式中添加参数。然后点击快捷方式启动。  
    在`startup.cmd`上右键`创建快捷方式`。如下添加参数：（注意有空格）  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2p4NTIw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

### 使用 mysql 数据库 ###

`nacos`默认使用内嵌的`h2`数据库，但如果有需要也可以设置为使用`mysql`

1.  在自己的`mysql`创建数据库`nacos`运行脚本 `D:\nacos\conf\nacos-mysql.sql` 初始化数据库。
2.  修改配置文件 `D:\nacos\conf\application.properties` 对应我们的数据库

#*************** Config Module Related Configurations ***************#
    ### 如果使用 mysql 数据库开启这条配置:
    spring.datasource.platform=mysql
    
    ### 数据库数量，默认1个:
    db.num=1
    
    ### 数据库连接参数:
    db.url.0=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/nacos?characterEncoding=utf8&connectTimeout=1000&socketTimeout=3000&autoReconnect=true&useUnicode=true&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC
    db.user=数据库账号
    db.password=数据库密码

1.  重新启动`nacos`即可。[官网：Nacos支持三种部署模式][Nacos]中说

> 再以单机模式启动nacos，nacos所有写嵌入式数据库的数据都写到了mysql

## 集群部署 ##

1.  下载`nacos`复制`cluster.conf.example`改名为`cluster.conf`设置ip

#it is ip
    #example
    127.0.0.1:8840
    127.0.0.1:8841
    127.0.0.1:8842

1.  数据库默认用内嵌的不用动。
2.  把三个`nacos`的启动端口改为与上对应
3.  修改`nginx`配置

upstream nacosnode { 
            server 127.0.0.1:8840;
            server 127.0.0.1:8841;
            server 127.0.0.1:8842;
    	}
    
        server { 
    		listen 80;
            location /nacos/ { 
              proxy_pass http://nacosnode/nacos/;
            }
        }

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2p4NTIw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

# Linux 版本 #

## 下载 ##

*  下载压缩包到 `/usr/local`

[root@localhost /]# cd /usr/local
    [root@localhost local]# wget https://github.com/alibaba/nacos/releases/download/1.3.2/nacos-server-1.3.2.tar.gz
    --2021-01-09 16:23:55--  https://github.com/alibaba/nacos/releases/download/1.3.2/nacos-server-1.3.2.tar.gz
    正在解析主机 github.com (github.com)... 13.250.177.223
    正在连接 github.com (github.com)|13.250.177.223|:443... 已连接。
    已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 302 Found
    位置：https://github-production-release-asset-2e65be.s3.amazonaws.com/137451403/82686f00-d688-11ea-833a-98d1fdc68fab?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIAIWNJYAX4CSVEH53A%2F20210109%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20210109T082356Z&X-Amz-Expires=300&X-Amz-Signature=5963031723b804d538a807cb4d20431f7807f33a7b270adc559aa2b8a008e8ea&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&actor_id=0&key_id=0&repo_id=137451403&response-content-disposition=attachment%3B%20filename%3Dnacos-server-1.3.2.tar.gz&response-content-type=application%2Foctet-stream [跟随至新的 URL]
    --2021-01-09 16:23:56--  https://github-production-release-asset-2e65be.s3.amazonaws.com/137451403/82686f00-d688-11ea-833a-98d1fdc68fab?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIAIWNJYAX4CSVEH53A%2F20210109%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20210109T082356Z&X-Amz-Expires=300&X-Amz-Signature=5963031723b804d538a807cb4d20431f7807f33a7b270adc559aa2b8a008e8ea&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&actor_id=0&key_id=0&repo_id=137451403&response-content-disposition=attachment%3B%20filename%3Dnacos-server-1.3.2.tar.gz&response-content-type=application%2Foctet-stream
    正在解析主机 github-production-release-asset-2e65be.s3.amazonaws.com (github-production-release-asset-2e65be.s3.amazonaws.com)... 52.217.64.172
    正在连接 github-production-release-asset-2e65be.s3.amazonaws.com (github-production-release-asset-2e65be.s3.amazonaws.com)|52.217.64.172|:443... 已连接。
    已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 200 OK
    长度：74800894 (71M) [application/octet-stream]
    正在保存至: “nacos-server-1.3.2.tar.gz”
    
    100%[==============================================================================>] 74,800,894   783KB/s 用时 95s
    
    2021-01-09 16:25:33 (767 KB/s) - 已保存 “nacos-server-1.3.2.tar.gz” [74800894/74800894])

## 安装 ##

不需要安装，解压即可使用。解压到 `/usr/local/nacos`

[root@localhost local]# tar -zxvf nacos-server-1.3.2.tar.gz
    nacos/LICENSE
    nacos/NOTICE
    nacos/target/nacos-server.jar
    nacos/conf/
    nacos/conf/schema.sql
    nacos/conf/nacos-mysql.sql
    nacos/conf/application.properties.example
    nacos/conf/nacos-logback.xml
    nacos/conf/cluster.conf.example
    nacos/conf/application.properties
    nacos/bin/startup.sh
    nacos/bin/startup.cmd
    nacos/bin/shutdown.sh
    nacos/bin/shutdown.cmd

## 设置数据库使用 MySQL \[可选\] ##

[root@localhost local]# vim /usr/local/nacos/conf/application.properties
    
    #*************** Config Module Related Configurations ***************#
    ### If use MySQL as datasource:
    spring.datasource.platform=mysql
    
    ### Count of DB:
    db.num=1
    
    ### Connect URL of DB:
    db.url.0=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/nacos?characterEncoding=utf8&connectTimeout=1000&socketTimeout=3000&autoReconnect=true&useUnicode=true&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC
    db.user=root
    db.password=root

## 运行 ##

进入：`cd /usr/local/nacos/bin`  
执行：`sh startup.sh -m standalone`

[root@localhost local]# cd /usr/local/nacos/bin
    [root@localhost bin]# sh startup.sh -m standalone
    /usr/local/java/jdk1.7.0_80/bin/java  -Xms512m -Xmx512m -Xmn256m -Dnacos.standalone=true -Dnacos.member.list= -Djava.ext.dirs=/usr/local/java/jdk1.7.0_80/jre/lib/ext:/usr/local/java/jdk1.7.0_80/lib/ext -Xloggc:/usr/local/nacos/logs/nacos_gc.log -verbose:gc -XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:+PrintGCDateStamps -XX:+PrintGCTimeStamps -XX:+UseGCLogFileRotation -XX:NumberOfGCLogFiles=10 -XX:GCLogFileSize=100M -Dloader.path=/usr/local/nacos/plugins/health,/usr/local/nacos/plugins/cmdb -Dnacos.home=/usr/local/nacos -jar /usr/local/nacos/target/nacos-server.jar  --spring.config.location=classpath:/,classpath:/config/,file:./,file:./config/,file:/usr/local/nacos/conf/ --logging.config=/usr/local/nacos/conf/nacos-logback.xml --server.max-http-header-size=524288
    nacos is starting with standalone
    nacos is starting，you can check the /usr/local/nacos/logs/start.out

*  查看日志

[root@localhost bin]# tail -500f /usr/local/nacos/logs/start.out
    /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_271-amd64/bin/java  -Xms512m -Xmx512m -Xmn256m -Dnacos.standalone=true -Dnacos.member.list= -Djava.ext.dirs=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_271-amd64/jre/lib/ext:/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_271-amd64/lib/ext -Xloggc:/usr/local/nacos/logs/nacos_gc.log -verbose:gc -XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:+PrintGCDateStamps -XX:+PrintGCTimeStamps -XX:+UseGCLogFileRotation -XX:NumberOfGCLogFiles=10 -XX:GCLogFileSize=100M -Dloader.path=/usr/local/nacos/plugins/health,/usr/local/nacos/plugins/cmdb -Dnacos.home=/usr/local/nacos -jar /usr/local/nacos/target/nacos-server.jar  --spring.config.location=classpath:/,classpath:/config/,file:./,file:./config/,file:/usr/local/nacos/conf/ --logging.config=/usr/local/nacos/conf/nacos-logback.xml --server.max-http-header-size=524288
    
             ,--.
           ,--.'| ,--,: : | Nacos 1.3.2 ,`--.'`| ' :                       ,---.               Running in stand alone mode, All function modules
    |   :  :  | |                      ' ,'\   .--.--.    Port: 8848
    :   |   \ | :  ,--.--.     ,---.  /   /   | /  /    ' Pid: 25505 | : '  '; | / \ / \. ; ,. :| : /`./ Console: http://192.168.31.110:8848/nacos/index.html ' ' ;. ;.--. .-. | / / '' | |: :| : ;_ | | | \ | \__\/: . .. ' / ' | .; : \ \ `. https://nacos.io '   : |  ; .' ," .--.; |'   ; :__|   :    |  `----. \ | | '`--' / / ,. |'   | '.'|\   \  /  /  /`--' / ' : | ; : .' \ : : `----' '--'. / ; |.'     |  ,     .-./\   \  /            `--'---' '---' `--`---' `----' 2021-01-09 22:51:59,779 INFO Bean 'org.springframework.security.config.annotation.configuration.ObjectPostProcessorConfiguration' of type [org.springframework.security.config.annotation.configuration.ObjectPostProcessorConfiguration$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$a20f53ea] is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying)
    
    2021-01-09 22:52:00,055 INFO Bean 'objectPostProcessor' of type [org.springframework.security.config.annotation.configuration.AutowireBeanFactoryObjectPostProcessor] is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying)
    
    2021-01-09 22:52:00,064 INFO Bean 'org.springframework.security.access.expression.method.DefaultMethodSecurityExpressionHandler@5717c37' of type [org.springframework.security.access.expression.method.DefaultMethodSecurityExpressionHandler] is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying)
    
    2021-01-09 22:52:00,071 INFO Bean 'org.springframework.security.config.annotation.method.configuration.GlobalMethodSecurityConfiguration' of type [org.springframework.security.config.annotation.method.configuration.GlobalMethodSecurityConfiguration$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$c6e3f69c] is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying)
    
    2021-01-09 22:52:00,085 INFO Bean 'methodSecurityMetadataSource' of type [org.springframework.security.access.method.DelegatingMethodSecurityMetadataSource] is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying)
    
    2021-01-09 22:52:01,655 INFO Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8848 (http)
    
    2021-01-09 22:52:02,132 INFO Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 11648 ms
    
    2021-01-09 22:52:16,853 INFO Initializing ExecutorService 'applicationTaskExecutor'
    
    2021-01-09 22:52:17,599 INFO Adding welcome page: class path resource [static/index.html]
    
    2021-01-09 22:52:18,952 INFO Creating filter chain: Ant [pattern='/**'], []
    
    2021-01-09 22:52:19,082 INFO Creating filter chain: any request, [org.springframework.security.web.context.request.async.WebAsyncManagerIntegrationFilter@1eef9aef, org.springframework.security.web.context.SecurityContextPersistenceFilter@388ffbc2, org.springframework.security.web.header.HeaderWriterFilter@7e70bd39, org.springframework.security.web.csrf.CsrfFilter@2a76b80a, org.springframework.security.web.authentication.logout.LogoutFilter@4de025bf, org.springframework.security.web.savedrequest.RequestCacheAwareFilter@4da855dd, org.springframework.security.web.servletapi.SecurityContextHolderAwareRequestFilter@2e5c7f0b, org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AnonymousAuthenticationFilter@11389053, org.springframework.security.web.session.SessionManagementFilter@6de54b40, org.springframework.security.web.access.ExceptionTranslationFilter@2f4854d6]
    
    2021-01-09 22:52:19,407 INFO Exposing 2 endpoint(s) beneath base path '/actuator'
    
    2021-01-09 22:52:19,487 INFO Initializing ExecutorService 'taskScheduler'
    
    2021-01-09 22:52:19,833 INFO Tomcat started on port(s): 8848 (http) with context path '/nacos'
    
    2021-01-09 22:52:19,843 INFO Nacos Log files: /usr/local/nacos/logs
    
    2021-01-09 22:52:19,849 INFO Nacos Log files: /usr/local/nacos/conf
    
    2021-01-09 22:52:19,850 INFO Nacos Log files: /usr/local/nacos/data
    
    2021-01-09 22:52:19,851 INFO Nacos started successfully in stand alone mode. use embedded storage

## 添加服务自启动 ##

创建服务脚本

vim /lib/systemd/system/nacos.service

脚本内容：

[Unit]
    Description=nacos
    After=network.target
     
    [Service]
    Type=forking
    ExecStart=/usr/local/nacos/bin/startup.sh -m standalone
    ExecReload=/usr/local/nacos/bin/shutdown.sh
    ExecStop=/usr/local/nacos/bin/shutdown.sh
    PrivateTmp=true
     
    [Install]
    WantedBy=multi-user.target

启动服务

systemctl enable nacos.service # 开启自启动 (.service可省)
    systemctl start nacos.service # 运行服务 (.service可省)
    systemctl status nacos.service # 查看状态

# Nacos 管理界面支持的操作 #

反正都是图形化界面，一看就懂。

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th>内容</th> 
   <th>操作</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>后台权限</td> 
   <td>支持：管理员账号、角色、权限的常规操作</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>名称空间</td> 
   <td>支持：增、删、查、改</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>配置文件</td> 
   <td>支持：增、删、查、改。克隆、回滚。列出正在监听配置变化的服务列表。</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>服务管理</td> 
   <td>…</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

# 参考资料 #

[官网：Nacos 快速开始][Nacos 1]  
[官网：集群部署说明][Link 1]  
[官网：Nacos 系统参数介绍][Nacos 2]  
[官网：Nacos支持三种部署模式][Nacos]  
[官网：Open API 指南（支持通过API接口方式操作）][Open API _API]

[官网：spring-cloud-alibaba 各组件版本说明][spring-cloud-alibaba]

[spring-cloud-alibaba]: https://jerryjin.blog.csdn.net/article/details/112306710
[JDK 1.8]: https://www.oracle.com/java/technologies/javase/javase-jdk8-downloads.html
[http_127.0.0.1_8848_nacos]: http://127.0.0.1:8848/nacos
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2p4NTIw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center]: /images/20221120/5359cc882f954ddfadfac4b5cb1d6176.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2p4NTIw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20221120/593aa59481274cfd8fc01d827f23e74a.png
[Nacos]: https://nacos.io/zh-cn/docs/deployment.html
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2p4NTIw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20221120/c9318b9ea17f445da7002cfc80aef471.png
[Nacos 1]: https://nacos.io/zh-cn/docs/quick-start.html
[Link 1]: https://nacos.io/zh-cn/docs/cluster-mode-quick-start.html
[Nacos 2]: https://nacos.io/zh-cn/docs/system-configurations.html
[Open API _API]: https://nacos.io/zh-cn/docs/open-api.html