Python字典：keys（）和values（）总是相同的顺序吗？

青旅半醒 2022-11-28 13:58 90阅读 0赞

本文翻译自：[Python dictionary: are keys() and values() always the same order?][Python dictionary_ are keys_ and values_ always the same order]

*It looks like the lists returned by `keys()` and `values()` methods of a dictionary are always a 1-to-1 mapping (assuming the dictionary is not altered between calling the 2 methods).* **看起来字典的`keys()`和`values()`方法返回的列表始终是一对一的映射（假设字典在调用这两个方法之间没有改变）。**

*For example:* **例如：**

>>> d = {'one':1, 'two': 2, 'three': 3}
    >>> k, v = d.keys(), d.values()
    >>> for i in range(len(k)):
        print d[k[i]] == v[i]
    
    True
    True
    True

*If you do not alter the dictionary between calling `keys()` and calling `values()` , is it wrong to assume the above for-loop will always print True?* **如果您不更改调用`keys()`和调用`values()`之间的字典，那么假设上述for循环将始终显示True是否错误？** *I could not find any documentation confirming this.* **我找不到任何证明文件。**

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### \#1楼 ###

参考：[https://stackoom.com/question/3vfe/Python字典-keys-和values-总是相同的顺序吗][https_stackoom.com_question_3vfe_Python_-keys-_values-]

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### \#2楼 ###

*I wasn't satisfied with these answers since I wanted to ensure the exported values had the same ordering even when using different dicts.* **我对这些答案不满意，因为我想确保即使使用不同的字典，导出的值也具有相同的顺序。**

*Here you specify the key order upfront, the returned values will always have the same order even if the dict changes, or you use a different dict.* **在这里，您可以预先指定键顺序，即使字典更改，返回的值也将始终具有相同的顺序，或者您使用其他字典。**

keys = dict1.keys()
    ordered_keys1 = [dict1[cur_key] for cur_key in keys]
    ordered_keys2 = [dict2[cur_key] for cur_key in keys]

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### \#3楼 ###

*Yes.* **是。** *Starting with CPython 3.6, dictionaries [return items in the order you inserted them][] .* **从CPython 3.6开始，字典[按插入顺序返回项目][return items in the order you inserted them] 。**

*Ignore the part that says this is an implementation detail.* **忽略说这是实现细节的部分。** *This behaviour is guaranteed in CPython 3.6 and is [required][] for all other Python implementations [starting with Python 3.7][] .* **此行为在CPython 3.6中得到保证，并且[从Python 3.7开始的][starting with Python 3.7]所有其他Python实现都[需要][required]此行为。**

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### \#4楼 ###

*Good references to the docs.* **对文档的良好引用。** *Here's how you can guarantee the order regardless of the documentation / implementation:* **不管文档/实现如何，都可以通过以下方法保证订单：**

k, v = zip(*d.iteritems())

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### \#5楼 ###

*Yes, what you observed is indeed a guaranteed property -- keys(), values() and items() return lists in congruent order if the dict is not altered.* **是的，您观察到的确实是一个有保证的属性-如果未更改dict，则keys（），values（）和items（）会以一致的顺序返回列表。** *iterkeys() &c also iterate in the same order as the corresponding lists.* **iterkeys（）＆c也以与相应列表相同的顺序进行迭代。**

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### \#6楼 ###

*According to [http://docs.python.org/dev/py3k/library/stdtypes.html\#dictionary-view-objects][http_docs.python.org_dev_py3k_library_stdtypes.html_dictionary-view-objects] , the keys(), values() and items() methods of a dict will return corresponding iterators whose orders correspond.* **根据[http://docs.python.org/dev/py3k/library/stdtypes.html\#dictionary-view-objects][http_docs.python.org_dev_py3k_library_stdtypes.html_dictionary-view-objects] ，字典的keys（），values（）和items（）方法将返回其顺序的相应迭代器对应。** *However, I am unable to find a reference to the official documentation for python 2.x for the same thing.* **但是，对于同一件事，我找不到对python 2.x官方文档的引用。**

*So as far as I can tell, the answer is yes, but only in python 3.0+* **据我所知，答案是肯定的，但仅适用于python 3.0+**

[Python dictionary_ are keys_ and values_ always the same order]: https://oldbug.net/q/3vfe/Python-dictionary-are-keys-and-values-always-the-same-order
[https_stackoom.com_question_3vfe_Python_-keys-_values-]: https://stackoom.com/question/3vfe/Python%E5%AD%97%E5%85%B8-keys-%E5%92%8Cvalues-%E6%80%BB%E6%98%AF%E7%9B%B8%E5%90%8C%E7%9A%84%E9%A1%BA%E5%BA%8F%E5%90%97
[return items in the order you inserted them]: https://docs.python.org/3/whatsnew/3.6.html#new-dict-implementation
[required]: https://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2017-December/151283.html
[starting with Python 3.7]: https://docs.python.org/3/whatsnew/3.7.html
[http_docs.python.org_dev_py3k_library_stdtypes.html_dictionary-view-objects]: http://docs.python.org/dev/py3k/library/stdtypes.html#dictionary-view-objects