数据库：PostgreSQL：容器化环境构建

Bertha 。 2022-12-02 13:44 201阅读 0赞

![在这里插入图片描述][2020083013073660.jpeg_pic_center]

### 目录 ###

*  PostgreSQL启动示例
 *  Docker方式
 *  Docker-Compose方式
 *  总结

--------------------

# PostgreSQL启动示例 #

以使用的目前稳定的最新版本12.4为例，容器化的PostgreSQL实例启动相关的设定希望如下所示：

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th>设定项</th> 
   <th>设定内容</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>PostgreSQL版本</td> 
   <td>12.4</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>DockerHub</td> 
   <td>postgres:12.4-alpine</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>环境变量：postgres用户密码</td> 
   <td>liumiaocn</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>数据卷：PostgreSQL数据</td> 
   <td>/var/lib/postgresql/data</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>端口映射</td> 
   <td>5432:5432</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

# Docker方式 #

*  执行命令如下所示

docker run --name postgres -p 5432:5432 -v ${PWD}/data:/var/lib/postgresql/data -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=liumiaocn -d postgres:12.4-alpine

*  启动日志示例

liumiaocn:postgres liumiao$ docker run --name postgres -p 5432:5432 -v ${PWD}/data:/var/lib/postgresql/data -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=liumiaocn -d postgres:12.4-alpine
    9e7d7c6a19fd53ecfe2221083c27083501296c6436d0c7aec15b3612cb18374b
    liumiaocn:postgres liumiao$ docker ps
    CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                  COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                    NAMES
    9e7d7c6a19fd        postgres:12.4-alpine   "docker-entrypoint.s…"   2 seconds ago       Up 1 second         0.0.0.0:5432->5432/tcp   postgres
    liumiaocn:postgres liumiao$

*  结果确认

liumiaocn:~ liumiao$ export PGPASSWORD=liumiaocn;psql -h localhost -p 5432 postgres postgres
    psql (12.4)
    Type "help" for help.
    
    postgres=# select version();
                                            version                                        
    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     PostgreSQL 12.4 on x86_64-pc-linux-musl, compiled by gcc (Alpine 9.3.0) 9.3.0, 64-bit
    (1 row)
    
    postgres=#

--------------------

# Docker-Compose方式 #

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th>设定项</th> 
   <th>设定内容</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>PostgreSQL版本</td> 
   <td>12.4</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>DockerHub</td> 
   <td>postgres:12.4-alpine</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>环境变量：postgres用户密码</td> 
   <td>liumiao</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>数据卷：PostgreSQL数据</td> 
   <td>/var/lib/postgresql/data</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>端口映射</td> 
   <td>35432:5432</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

liumiaocn:postgres liumiao$ cat docker-compose.yml 
    version: '2'
    
    services:
      # database service: PostgreSQL
      postgres:
        image: postgres:12.4-alpine
        ports:
          - "35432:5432"
        volumes:
          - ./data/:/var/lib/postgresql/data
        environment:
          - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=liumiao
        restart: "no"
    liumiaocn:postgres liumiao$

*  启动日志示例

liumiaocn:postgres liumiao$ ls
    docker-compose.yml
    liumiaocn:postgres liumiao$ docker-compose up -d
    Creating network "postgres_default" with the default driver
    Creating postgres_postgres_1 ... done
    liumiaocn:postgres liumiao$ ls
    data			docker-compose.yml
    liumiaocn:postgres liumiao$

*  结果确认

liumiaocn:postgres liumiao$ docker-compose ps
           Name                      Command              State            Ports         
    -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    postgres_postgres_1   docker-entrypoint.sh postgres   Up      0.0.0.0:35432->5432/tcp
    liumiaocn:postgres liumiao$ 
    liumiaocn:postgres liumiao$ docker exec -it postgres_postgres_1 sh
    / # psql -U postgres
    psql (12.4)
    Type "help" for help.
    
    postgres=# select version();
                                            version                                        
    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     PostgreSQL 12.4 on x86_64-pc-linux-musl, compiled by gcc (Alpine 9.3.0) 9.3.0, 64-bit
    (1 row)
    
    postgres=#

或者从外部客户端连接确认：

liumiaocn:postgres liumiao$ export PGPASSWORD=liumiao;psql -h localhost -p 35432 postgres postgres
    psql (12.4)
    Type "help" for help.
    
    postgres=# select version();
                                            version                                        
    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     PostgreSQL 12.4 on x86_64-pc-linux-musl, compiled by gcc (Alpine 9.3.0) 9.3.0, 64-bit
    (1 row)
    
    postgres=#

--------------------

# 总结 #

这篇文章整理了使用Docker或者Docker Compose构建PostgreSQL环境的方法。

[2020083013073660.jpeg_pic_center]: /images/20221123/45bad9346cdd4d32bee6d75fe8c8ee69.png