JavaApp自动化测试系列[v1.0.0][Appium关键字驱动测试框架]

今天药忘吃喽~ 2022-12-02 15:29 162阅读 0赞

## 框架设计前提 ##

>  *  已经熟练掌握了Appium环境的安装与配置，请参考[JavaApp自动化测试系列\[v1.0.0\]\[Appium开发环境搭建\]][JavaApp_v1.0.0_Appium]和[JavaApp自动化测试系列\[v1.0.1\]\[Appium开发环境搭建\]][JavaApp_v1.0.1_Appium]，它不单单是代码环境，也应该是你的工作环境
>  *  已经熟练掌握了定位工具和方法，请参考[JavaApp自动化测试系列\[v1.0.0\]\[uiautomatorviewer元素定位\]][JavaApp_v1.0.0_uiautomatorviewer]和[JavaApp自动化测试系列\[v1.0.0\]\[Appium Inspector元素定位\]][JavaApp_v1.0.0_Appium Inspector]
>  *  已经熟练掌握了Driver API，请参考[JavaApp自动化测试系列\[v1.0.0\]\[Driver API详解\]][JavaApp_v1.0.0_Driver API]
>  *  已经熟练掌握了KeyCode，请参考[JavaApp自动化测试系列\[v1.0.0\]\[Keycode详解\]][JavaApp_v1.0.0_Keycode]
>  *  已经熟练掌握了Desired Capabilities，请参考[JavaApp自动化测试系列\[v1.0.0\]\[Desired Capabilities\]][JavaApp_v1.0.0_Desired Capabilities]
>  *  已经熟练掌握了Appium的使用，请参考[JavaApp自动化测试系列\[v1.0.0\]\[Appium使用详解\]][JavaApp_v1.0.0_Appium 1]
>  *  已经熟练掌握了SDK的安装配置与使用，请参考[JavaApp自动化测试系列\[v1.0.0\]\[安卓SDK\]][JavaApp_v1.0.0_SDK]
>  *  已经熟练掌握了adb命令的使用，请参考[JavaApp自动化测试系列\[v1.0.0\]\[adb命令\]][JavaApp_v1.0.0_adb]
>  *  已经熟练掌握了Maven环境的安装配置与使用，请参考[Java自动化测试系列\[v1.0.0\]\[Maven开发环境\]][Java_v1.0.0_Maven]
>  *  已经熟练掌握了Java单元测试框架TestNG的使用，请参考[Java自动化测试系列\[v1.0.0\]\[TestNG测试开发环境配置\]][Java_v1.0.0_TestNG]和[单元测试系列\[v1.0.1\]\[TestNG单元测试报告\]][v1.0.1_TestNG]和[单元测试系列\[v1.0.0\]\[Maven深度绑定TestNG\]][v1.0.0_Maven_TestNG]  
>     关键字驱动也称为表格驱动或者操作名驱动，通常将测试用例拆分为5类关键字部分包括：测试步骤，测试对象，测试对象的动作，测试数据，测试结果

## Constants提取Desired Capabilities ##

package com.davieyang.util;
    
    public class Constants { 
        public class mobile_RedMi_3{ 
            public static final String deviceName = "RedMi 3";
            public static final String udid = "claeae297d72";
            public static final String platformVersion = "5.1.1";
            public static final String platformName = "Android";
            public static final String appPackage = "io.selendroid.testapp";
            public static final String appActivity = ".HomeScreenActivity";
            public static final String unicodeKeyboard = "True";
            public static final String noSign = "True";
        }
    }

## BaseActivity公共类 ##

package com.davieyang.base;
    import io.appium.java_client.android.AndroidDriver;
    import io.appium.java_client.android.AndroidElement;
    import java.net.URL;
    import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
    import org.apache.log4j.PropertyConfigurator;
    import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;
    import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;
    import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;
    import org.testng.annotations.Parameters;
    import com.davieyang.util.Constants;
    
    
    public class BaseActivity { 
        public static Logger log = Logger.getLogger(BaseActivity.class.getName());
        public static AndroidDriver<AndroidElement> driver;
        @BeforeClass
        public void setUp() throws Exception{ 
            PropertyConfigurator.configure("config/log4j.properties");
            log.info("--------测试用例执行--------");
            DesiredCapabilities cap = new DesiredCapabilities();
            cap.setCapability("deviceName", Constants.mobile_RedMi_3.deviceName);
            cap.setCapability("udid", Constants.mobile_RedMi_3.udid);
            cap.setCapability("platformVersion", Constants.mobile_RedMi_3.platformVersion);
            cap.setCapability("platformName", Constants.mobile_RedMi_3.platformName);
            cap.setCapability("appPackage", Constants.mobile_RedMi_3.appPackage);
            cap.setCapability("appActivity", Constants.mobile_RedMi_3.appActivity);
            cap.setCapability("unicodeKeyboard", Constants.mobile_RedMi_3.unicodeKeyboard);
            cap.setCapability("noSign", Constants.mobile_RedMi_3.noSign);
            driver = new AndroidDriver<>(new URL("http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub"), cap);
    
    
        }
        @AfterClass
        public void endTest(){ 
            log.info("--------测试用例执行结束--------");
            driver.quit();
        }
    
        public AndroidDriver<AndroidElement> getDriver() { 
            return driver;
        }
    }

## 关键字驱动 ##

### 配置pom ###

<dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
                <artifactId>poi</artifactId>
                <version>3.17</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
                <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
                <version>3.17</version>
            </dependency>

在data文件夹内新建register.xlsx文件，并修改第一个Sheet的名字为“测试任务调度”并写入如下内容

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th>testCaseName</th> 
   <th>testCaseDetail</th> 
   <th>isRun</th> 
   <th>result</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>register</td> 
   <td>注册全过程</td> 
   <td>yes</td> 
   <td></td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

然后创建第二个Sheet及“测试用例”页用于存放具体测试用例

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th>testCaseID</th> 
   <th>testStepID</th> 
   <th>testStepDetail</th> 
   <th>objectName</th> 
   <th>inspector</th> 
   <th>actionStep</th> 
   <th>data</th> 
   <th>result</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>register1</td> 
   <td>testStep1</td> 
   <td>点击注册文件夹</td> 
   <td>首页-注册</td> 
   <td>io.selendroid.testapp:id/startUserRegistration</td> 
   <td>click</td> 
   <td>null</td> 
   <td></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td></td> 
   <td></td> 
   <td></td> 
   <td></td> 
   <td></td> 
   <td></td> 
   <td></td> 
   <td></td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

### 解析该Excel文件工具类 ###

package com.davieyang.util;
    import java.io.File;
    import java.io.FileInputStream;
    import java.io.FileOutputStream;
    import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellType;
    import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCell;
    import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRow;
    import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
    import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
    
    
    public class DataProviderFromExcel { 
        private static File file = null;
        private static XSSFWorkbook xssfWorkbook = null;
        private static XSSFSheet xssfSheet = null;
        private static XSSFRow xssfRow = null;
        private static XSSFCell xssfCell = null;
    
    
        /** * 初始化Excel文档，设定待操作的文件路径和Sheet */
        public static void getExcel(String filePath) throws Exception{ 
            file = new File(filePath);
            FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(file);
            xssfWorkbook = new XSSFWorkbook(inputStream);
            if(xssfWorkbook == null){ 
                throw new Exception("Excel为空");
            }
        }
    
        /** * 读取指定单元格的值 */
        public static String getCellData(String sheetName, int rowNum, int colNum) throws Exception{ 
            xssfSheet = xssfWorkbook.getSheet(sheetName);
            try{ 
                xssfCell = xssfSheet.getRow(rowNum).getCell(colNum);
                String cellData = getCellValue(xssfCell);
                return cellData;
            }catch (Exception e){ 
                return "";
            }
        }
    
        /** * 根据Excel中格式的不同来读取不同格式的值 */
        private static String getCellValue(XSSFCell cell){ 
            String strCell = "";
            if(cell.getCellTypeEnum() == CellType.STRING){ 
                strCell = cell.getStringCellValue();
            }
            else if(cell.getCellTypeEnum() == CellType.NUMERIC){ 
                strCell = String.valueOf(cell.getNumericCellValue());
                strCell = strCell.split(".")[0];
            }
            else if(cell.getCellTypeEnum() == CellType.BOOLEAN){ 
                strCell = String.valueOf(cell.getBooleanCellValue());
            }
            else if(cell.getCellTypeEnum() == CellType.BLANK);{ 
                strCell = "";
            }
            return strCell;
        }
    
        /** * 向指定的单元格写入数据 */
        public static void setCellData(int rowNum, int colNum, boolean result, String sheetName,
                                       String filePath) throws Exception{ 
            xssfSheet = xssfWorkbook.getSheet(sheetName);
            try{ 
                xssfRow = xssfSheet.getRow(rowNum);
                xssfCell = xssfRow.getCell(colNum);
                if(xssfCell == null){ 
                    xssfCell = xssfRow.createCell(colNum);
                    xssfCell.setCellValue(result);
                }else { 
                    xssfCell.setCellValue(result);
                }
                FileOutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(filePath);
                xssfWorkbook.write(outputStream);
                outputStream.close();
            }catch (Exception e){ 
                throw e;
            }
        }
    
        /** * 获取指定Sheet的单元格行数 */
        public static int getAllRowNum(String sheetName){ 
            xssfSheet = xssfWorkbook.getSheet(sheetName);
            return xssfSheet.getLastRowNum();
        }
    
    }

### 页面元素封装 ###

package com.davieyang.util;
    import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
    import com.davieyang.testScripts.TestRegister;
    import io.appium.java_client.MobileElement;
    import io.appium.java_client.android.AndroidDriver;
    import io.appium.java_client.android.AndroidElement;
    
    
    public class FindElement { 
        static Logger log = Logger.getLogger(FindElement.class.getName());
        public static AndroidElement findElementbyType(AndroidDriver<?> driver, String controllerInfo) throws Exception{ 
            MobileElement element = null;
            if(controllerInfo.startsWith("//")){ 
                element = (MobileElement) driver.findElementByXPath(controllerInfo);
            }
            else if(controllerInfo.contains(":id/")){ 
                element = (MobileElement) driver.findElementById(controllerInfo);
            }else { 
                try{ 
                    element = (MobileElement) driver.findElementByAndroidUIAutomator("text(\""+controllerInfo+"\")");
                }catch (Exception e){ 
                    element = (MobileElement) driver.findElementByClassName(controllerInfo);
                }
            }
            return (AndroidElement) element;
        }
    
        public static MobileElement findElement(AndroidDriver<?> driver, String controllerInfo) throws Exception{ 
            int elementInspectCount, elementInspectInterval;
            elementInspectCount = Constants.controllerInPage.elementInspectCount;
            elementInspectInterval = Constants.controllerInPage.elementInspectInterval;
            MobileElement element = null;
            for(int i=0; i<elementInspectCount;i++){ 
                Thread.sleep(elementInspectInterval);
                try{ 
                    element = findElementbyType(driver, controllerInfo);
                    log.info("已经找到元素对象");
                    return element;
                }catch (Exception e){ 
                    log.info("控件未找到，Waiting......");
                    continue;
                }
            }
            log.info("多次查找未找到元素控件，测试结果位设为false");
            TestRegister.testResult = false;
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("指定时间内未找到页面空间对象");
        }
    }

### 工具类封装 ###

package com.davieyang.util;
    
    import io.appium.java_client.MobileElement;
    import com.davieyang.testScripts.TestRegister;
    import io.appium.java_client.android.AndroidDriver;
    import io.appium.java_client.android.AndroidElement;
    import io.appium.java_client.android.AndroidKeyCode;
    import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
    
    
    
    public class Action { 
        static Logger log = Logger.getLogger(Action.class.getName());
        private static AndroidDriver<AndroidElement> driver;
        public Action(AndroidDriver<AndroidElement> driver){ 
            this.driver =driver;
        }
        /** * 实现单击操作 * @param mobileElement 页面对象 * @param data 无任何意义，只为代码一致性 */
        public void click(MobileElement mobileElement, String data){ 
            try{ 
                mobileElement.click();
            }catch (Exception e){ 
                try{ 
                    Thread.sleep(Constants.controllerInPage.elementInspectInterval);
                }catch (InterruptedException e1){ 
                    TestRegister.testResult = false;
                    e1.printStackTrace();
                }
                mobileElement.click();
            }
        }
    
        /** * 单击单击框，单击前判断是否已经处于选择状态 * @param mobileElement * @param data */
        public void click_radio(MobileElement mobileElement, String data){ 
            try{ 
                if(data.toLowerCase().equals("yes")){ 
                    if(!mobileElement.isSelected())
                        mobileElement.click();
                }
            }catch (Exception e){ 
                TestRegister.testResult = false;
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    
        public void input(MobileElement mobileElement, String data){ 
            try{ 
                this.click(mobileElement, data);
                mobileElement.clear();
                mobileElement.sendKeys(data);
            }catch (Exception e){ 
                TestRegister.testResult = false;
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    
        public void verify(MobileElement mobileElement, String data){ 
            String actualResult;
            try{ 
                actualResult = mobileElement.getAttribute("text");
                if(!actualResult.equals(data)){ 
                    TestRegister.testResult = false;
                }
            }catch (Exception e){ 
                TestRegister.testResult = false;
            }
        }
    
        public static void waitForLoadingActivity(MobileElement mobileElement, String data)throws InterruptedException{ 
            Thread.sleep(3000);
            log.info(driver.currentActivity());
            int activityInspectCount, activityInspectInterval;
            activityInspectCount = Constants.controllerInPage.activityInspectCount;
            activityInspectInterval = Constants.controllerInPage.activityInspectInterval;
            int i =0;
            Thread.sleep(activityInspectInterval);
            while(i<activityInspectCount){ 
                try{ 
                    if(data.contains(driver.currentActivity())){ 
                        log.info(data+"come out!");
                        break;
                    }else { 
                        log.info(data+"did not come out,Waiting........");
                        Thread.sleep(activityInspectInterval);
                        i++;
                    }
                }catch (Exception e){ 
                    i++;
                    log.info("try" + activityInspectCount + "times," +data+ "did not come out");
                    TestRegister.testResult = false;
                }
            }
        }
    
        public void back(MobileElement mobileElement, String data){ 
            driver.pressKeyCode(AndroidKeyCode.BACK);
        }
    }

## 测试代码 ##

package com.davieyang.testScripts;
    import com.davieyang.base.BaseActivity;
    import com.davieyang.util.Action;
    import com.davieyang.util.FindElement;
    import com.davieyang.util.Constants;
    import io.appium.java_client.MobileElement;
    import com.davieyang.util.DataProviderFromExcel;
    
    import java.lang.reflect.Method;
    import org.testng.Assert;
    import org.testng.annotations.Test;
    import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
    
    
    public class TestRegister extends BaseActivity { 
        Logger log = Logger.getLogger(TestRegister.class.getName());
        public static Method[] method;
        public static String inspector;
        public static String data;
        public static String actionstep;
        public static Action action;
        public static MobileElement mobileElement;
        public static boolean testResult;
        public static String filePath;
    
        @Test
        public void testRegisterSuccess() throws Exception { 
            action = new Action(getDriver());
            method = action.getClass().getMethods();
            String filePath = Constants.excelFile.filePath;
            DataProviderFromExcel.getExcel(filePath);
            String fileSheet = Constants.dispatcherSheet.suite_sheet;
            // 获取测试集合中测试用例的总数
            int testSuiteAllNum = DataProviderFromExcel.getAllRowNum(fileSheet);
            // 循环测试调度文件
            for (int testSuiteNum = 1; testSuiteNum <= testSuiteAllNum; testSuiteNum++) { 
                // 获取测试用例名，直接关联待测试用例所在的sheet名
                String testCaseName = DataProviderFromExcel.getCellData(Constants.dispatcherSheet.suite_sheet,
                        testSuiteNum, Constants.dispatcherSheet.suite_testCaseName).trim();
                // 判断测试用例是否运行
                String isRun = DataProviderFromExcel.getCellData(Constants.dispatcherSheet.suite_sheet, testSuiteNum,
                        Constants.dispatcherSheet.suite_isRun).trim();
                // 获取测试用例详细的描述，用来输出日志
                String testCaseDetail = DataProviderFromExcel.getCellData(Constants.dispatcherSheet.suite_sheet, testSuiteNum,
                        Constants.dispatcherSheet.suite_testCaseDetail).trim();
                // 如果isRun的值为yes，则执行指定sheet页的测试步骤，sheet名与testCaseName相同
                if (isRun.equals("yes")) { 
                    // 测试用例执行结果默认为失败
                    log.info("运行测试用例：测试用例名称为" + testCaseName + ";测试用例详细描述：" + testCaseDetail);
                    testResult = true;
                    int testCaseAllNum = DataProviderFromExcel.getAllRowNum(testCaseName);
                    log.info("测试步骤:" + testCaseAllNum);
                    for (int testCaseNum = 1; testCaseNum <= testCaseAllNum; testCaseNum++) { 
                        // 获取识别方式
                        inspector = DataProviderFromExcel.getCellData(testCaseName, testCaseNum, Constants.testCaseSheet.Col_inspector).trim();
                        // 获取操作逐句
                        data = DataProviderFromExcel.getCellData(testCaseName, testCaseNum, Constants.testCaseSheet.Col_data).trim();
                        // 获取操作方式
                        actionstep = DataProviderFromExcel.getCellData(testCaseName, testCaseNum, Constants.testCaseSheet.Col_actionStep).trim();
                        // 识别元素
                        mobileElement = null;
                        if (!inspector.isEmpty()) { 
                            mobileElement = FindElement.findElement(driver, inspector);
                        }
                        log.info("执行测试步骤：识别方式" + inspector + ";操作:" + actionstep + ";测试数据：" + data);
                        execute_Action(testCaseNum, testCaseName);
                        if (testResult == false) { 
                            log.info("测试用例执行结果为false");
                            DataProviderFromExcel.setCellData(testSuiteNum, Constants.dispatcherSheet.suite_result, false, fileSheet, filePath);
                            Assert.fail("测试步骤有失败，整个测试用例执行失败");
                            break;
                        }
                        if (testResult) { 
                            log.info("测试用例执行结果为true");
                            DataProviderFromExcel.setCellData(testSuiteNum, Constants.dispatcherSheet.suite_result, true, fileSheet, filePath);
                            Assert.assertTrue(true, "测试用例执行成功");
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
    
    
        }
    
        public void execute_Action(int testCaseNum, String testCaseName) throws Exception { 
            try { 
                for (int i = 0; i <= method.length; i++) { 
                    if (method[i].getName().equals(actionstep)) { 
                        method[i].invoke(action, mobileElement, data);
                        if (testResult) { 
                            log.info("测试步骤执行结果为True");
                            DataProviderFromExcel.setCellData(testCaseNum, Constants.testCaseSheet.Col_result, true, testCaseName, Constants.excelFile.filePath);
                            break;
                        } else { 
                            log.info("测试步骤执行结果为False");
                            DataProviderFromExcel.setCellData(testCaseNum, Constants.testCaseSheet.Col_result, false, testCaseName, Constants.excelFile.filePath);
    
                        }
                    }
                }
            }catch (Exception e){ 
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

[JavaApp_v1.0.0_Appium]: https://blog.csdn.net/dawei_yang000000/article/details/108149120
[JavaApp_v1.0.1_Appium]: https://blog.csdn.net/dawei_yang000000/article/details/108169933
[JavaApp_v1.0.0_uiautomatorviewer]: https://blog.csdn.net/dawei_yang000000/article/details/108169592
[JavaApp_v1.0.0_Appium Inspector]: https://blog.csdn.net/dawei_yang000000/article/details/108169777
[JavaApp_v1.0.0_Driver API]: https://blog.csdn.net/dawei_yang000000/article/details/108251124
[JavaApp_v1.0.0_Keycode]: https://blog.csdn.net/dawei_yang000000/article/details/108269820
[JavaApp_v1.0.0_Desired Capabilities]: https://blog.csdn.net/dawei_yang000000/article/details/108212350
[JavaApp_v1.0.0_Appium 1]: https://blog.csdn.net/dawei_yang000000/article/details/108202994
[JavaApp_v1.0.0_SDK]: https://blog.csdn.net/dawei_yang000000/article/details/107994216
[JavaApp_v1.0.0_adb]: https://blog.csdn.net/dawei_yang000000/article/details/107994287
[Java_v1.0.0_Maven]: https://blog.csdn.net/dawei_yang000000/article/details/107867949
[Java_v1.0.0_TestNG]: https://blog.csdn.net/dawei_yang000000/article/details/107837665
[v1.0.1_TestNG]: https://blog.csdn.net/dawei_yang000000/article/details/108060369
[v1.0.0_Maven_TestNG]: https://blog.csdn.net/dawei_yang000000/article/details/108113979