基于aop+注解方式实现异常重试机制

深碍√TFBOYSˉ_ 2022-12-05 09:51 96阅读 0赞

## 背景：调用第三方服务，发生特定异常时需要重试 ##

### 1.封装一层第三方调用的服务类 ###

package com.example.db.service;
    
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
    
    import java.util.Map;
    
    /** * @author Vick C */
    @Service
    public class ThirdRpcService { 
    
        /** * 示例方法 * <P>可以是依赖jdk的封装，也可以是自己实现的封装</P> * @param params 请求参数 * @return 调用响应结果 */
        public Object rpc(Map<String, Object> params) { 
            // 省略调用逻辑
            // 返回调用结果
            return new Object();
        }
    }

### 2.自定义一个切面注解 ###

package com.example.db.annotation;
    
    import java.lang.annotation.*;
    
    /** * @author Vick C */
    @Documented
    @Target(ElementType.METHOD)
    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
    public @interface ExceptionRetry { 
    
        /** * @return 重试次数 */
        int retryTimes() default 3;
    
        /** * @return 重试间隔时间 */
        int waitTimes() default 1;
    
        /** * @return 需要重试的异常类型 */
        Class[] retryExceptions() default { };
    
        /** * @return 不重试直接抛出的异常 */
        Class[] throwExceptions() default { };
    }

### 3.定义注解切面 ###

package com.example.db.aop;
    
    import com.example.db.annotation.ExceptionRetry;
    import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
    import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
    import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
    import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around;
    import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
    import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Pointcut;
    import org.aspectj.lang.reflect.MethodSignature;
    import org.slf4j.Logger;
    import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    import java.lang.reflect.Method;
    import java.util.Random;
    
    
    /** * @author Vick C */
    @Aspect
    @Component
    public class ExceptionRetryAspect { 
    
        private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ExceptionRetryAspect.class);
    
        private ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
    
        /** * 定义切点 */
        @Pointcut("@annotation(com.example.db.annotation.ExceptionRetry)")
        public void retryPointCut() { 
        }
    
        @Around("retryPointCut()")
        public Object around(ProceedingJoinPoint joinPoint) throws Throwable { 
            MethodSignature methodSignature = (MethodSignature) joinPoint.getSignature();
            Method method = methodSignature.getMethod();
            ExceptionRetry retry = method.getAnnotation(ExceptionRetry.class);
            String name = method.getName();
            Object[] args = joinPoint.getArgs();
            String uuid = new Random().toString();
            log.info("执行重试切面{}, 方法名称{}, 方法参数{}", uuid, name, toJson(args));
            int times = retry.retryTimes();
            long waitTime = retry.waitTimes();
            Class[] needRetryExceptions = retry.retryExceptions();
            Class[] throwExceptions = retry.throwExceptions();
            // check param
            if (times <= 0) { 
                times = 1;
            }
            if (waitTime < 0) { 
                waitTime = 0;
            }
    
            for (; times >= 0; times--) { 
                try { 
                    return joinPoint.proceed();
                } catch (Exception e) { 
                    // 需要重试异常处理
                    needRetryExceptionHandle(needRetryExceptions, uuid, e);
                    // 需要抛出异常处理
                    throwExceptionHandle(throwExceptions, uuid, e);
                    // 重试次数为0或负数，直接报错
                    if (times <= 0) { 
                        log.warn("执行重试切面{}失败", uuid);
                        throw e;
                    }
                    // 休眠 等待下次执行
                    if (waitTime > 0) { 
                        Thread.sleep(waitTime * 1000);
                    }
    
                    log.warn("执行重试切面{}, 还有{}次重试机会, 异常类型:{}, 异常信息:{}, 栈信息{}", uuid, times, e.getClass().getName(), e.getMessage(), e.getStackTrace());
                }
            }
            return new Object();
        }
    
        /** * 指定抛出异常处理 * @param throwExceptions 指定异常类型 * @param uuid uuid标识 * @param e 当前异常 * @throws Exception 异常 */
        private void throwExceptionHandle(Class[] throwExceptions, String uuid, Exception e) throws Exception { 
            if (throwExceptions.length <= 0) { 
                return;
            }
            boolean needCatch = false;
            for (Class catchException : throwExceptions) { 
                if (e.getClass() == catchException) { 
                    needCatch = true;
                    break;
                }
            }
            if (!needCatch) { 
                log.warn("执行重试切面{}失败, 异常不在需要捕获的范围内, 需要捕获的异常{}, 业务抛出的异常类型{}", uuid, throwExceptions, e.getClass().getName());
                throw e;
            }
        }
    
        /** * 需要重试异常 * @param needRetryExceptions 指定需要重试的异常类型 * @param uuid uuid标识 * @param e 当前异常 * @throws Exception 异常 */
        private void needRetryExceptionHandle(Class[] needRetryExceptions, String uuid, Exception e) throws Exception { 
            if (needRetryExceptions.length <= 0) { 
                return;
            }
    
            for (Class exception : needRetryExceptions) { 
                if (exception != e.getClass()) { 
                    continue;
                }
                log.warn("执行重试切面{}失败, 异常在需要抛出的范围{}, 业务抛出的异常类型{}", uuid, needRetryExceptions, e.getClass().getName());
                throw e;
            }
        }
    
        private String toJson(Object obj) throws JsonProcessingException { 
            return objectMapper.writeValueAsString(obj);
        }
    }

### 4.在第三方调用的方法上加上自定义注解 ###

/** * 示例方法 * <P>可以是依赖jdk的封装，也可以是自己实现的封装</P> * @param params 请求参数 * @return 调用响应结果 */
        @ExceptionRetry(retryTimes = 5, waitTimes = 2, retryExceptions = ArithmeticException.class, throwExceptions = NullPointerException.class)
        public Object rpc(Map<String, Object> params) { 
            // 省略调用逻辑
            // 返回调用结果
            return new Object();
        }

###### @ExceptionRetry(retryTimes = 5, waitTimes = 2, retryExceptions = ArithmeticException.class, throwExceptions = NullPointerException.class) ######

说明：
    retryTimes=5表示重试5次
    waitTimes=2表示重试间隔2秒
    retryExceptions = ArithmeticException.class表示遇到ArithmeticException则重试
    throwExceptions = NullPointerException.class表示遇到NullPointerException则抛出异常不重试

### 5.在启动类上加上注解@EnableAspectJAutoProxy ###

package com.example.db;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.EnableAspectJAutoProxy;
    
    /** * @author Vick */
    @EnableAspectJAutoProxy
    @SpringBootApplication(scanBasePackages = { "com.example.db"})
    public class DbDemoApplication { 
    
        public static void main(String[] args) { 
            SpringApplication.run(DbDemoApplication.class, args);
        }
    
    }

### 6.完整的项目结构截图 ###

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