人工智能和机器学习之间的区别

落日映苍穹つ 2022-12-07 12:55 290阅读 0赞

In this article we are going to see the difference between two important terms in emerging computer science. We are talking about machine learning and artificial intelligence. Some of you may feel that these two terms are similar, aren’t they ? Not your fault actually these two terms are used interchangeably from time to time. But they aren’t the same and we will see all the differences between them in this article.

在本文中，我们将看到新兴计算机科学中两个重要术语之间的区别。 我们正在谈论机器学习和人工智能。 你们中有些人可能会觉得这两个术语很相似，不是吗？ 这不是您的错，实际上这两个术语有时会互换使用。 但是它们并不相同，我们将在本文中看到它们之间的所有差异。

[**Artificial Intelligence**][Artificial Intelligence] word is made up of Artificial and Intelligence, Intelligence is the ability of a human to perform a specific task, so Artificial Intelligence is the field of computer science which work on developing systems which are able to perform work like taks. Artificial Intelligence does not the system to be pre programmed however they are given algorithms which are able to learn on their own intelligence.

[**人工智能**][Artificial Intelligence] 一词由“人工智能”组成，“人工智能”是人类执行特定任务的能力，因此“人工智能”是计算机科学领域，致力于开发像taks这样的工作的系统。 人工智能不是要预先编程的系统，但是会为它们提供能够根据自己的智能学习的算法。

Based on the capabilities of performance AI can be classified mainly into 3 types:

基于性能的能力，AI可以分为以下三种类型：

*  **Weak AI**
    
    **弱AI**
    
     *  Generally having low intelligence (learning ability)
        
        通常智力低下(学习能力)
    
    **Weak AI**
    
    **弱AI**
 *  **General AI**
    
    **通用AI**
    
     *  System with medium intelligence which can master only one task.
        
        具有中等智能的系统，只能完成一项任务。
    
    **General AI**
    
    **通用AI**
 *  **Strong AI** 
    
    **强大的AI**  
    
     *  The future of AI
        
        人工智能的未来
    
    **Strong AI** 
    
    **强大的AI**

Based on the functionalities AI can be classified into 4 main types:

根据功能，AI可以分为4种主要类型：

*  **Reactive Machine **
    
    **React机**
    
     *  Machine which are just able to react to some actions. E.g. Google’s AlphaGo which can play board games.
        
        能够对某些动作做出React的机器。 例如Google的AlphaGo可以玩棋盘游戏。
    
    **Reactive Machine **
    
    **React机**

*  **Limited Memory**
    
    **记忆有限**
    
     *  These systems are capable of storing data and then planning strategy accordingly. E.g. Self-Driven cars
        
        这些系统能够存储数据，然后相应地计划策略。 例如自驾车
    
    **Limited Memory**
    
    **记忆有限**

*  **Theory of mind**
    
    **心智论**
    
     *  Theses systems will be able to depict human thoughts.
        
        这些系统将能够描述人类的思想。
    
    **Theory of mind**
    
    **心智论**

*  **Self awareness**
    
    **自我意识**
    
     *  Future of AI.
        
        人工智能的未来。
    
    **Self awareness**
    
    **自我意识**

On the other hand [**Machine Learning**][Machine Learning] is the ability of machines to learn on their own without being explicitly programmed. Machine learning algorithms generally uses previous data and try to generate knowledge based on that data. Machine learning is a **subset** of Artificial Intelligence

另一方面， [**机器学习**][Machine Learning] 是指机器无需明确编程即可自行 [**学习**][Machine Learning] 的能力。 机器学习算法通常使用以前的数据，并尝试基于该数据生成知识。 机器学习是 人工智能 的 **子集**

which is using techniques which can be learned from past data. Machine learning can be classified into three main categories.

这是使用可以从过去的数据中学到的技术。 机器学习可以分为三大类。

*  **Supervised learning**
    
    **监督学习**
    
     *  Generating function which maps input to output from known input output pairs.
        
        生成功能，将输入映射到已知输入输出对中的输出。
    
    **Supervised learning**
    
    **监督学习**

*  **Unsupervised learning**
    
    **无监督学习**
    
     *  Generating functions from unlabeled data
        
        从未标记的数据生成函数
    
    **Unsupervised learning**
    
    **无监督学习**

*  **Reinforcement learning**
    
    **强化学习**
    
     *  Taking suitable actions to maximize rewards
        
        采取适当的行动以最大化回报
    
    **Reinforcement learning**
    
    **强化学习**

## 人工智能和机器学习之间的区别 **(**Difference between Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning**)** ##

<table> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td><b>Artificial Intelligence&nbsp;</b></td> 
   <td><b>Machine Learning</b></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Artificial Intelligence is concerned with developing human intelligence into computer systems.</td> 
   <td>Machine Learning is concerned with extracting knowledge from the data previously available.</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Artificial intelligence is about maximizing success.</td> 
   <td>Machine learning is about maximizing accuracy.</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Artificial Intelligent systems are expected to give human like behaviour for various tasks.</td> 
   <td>Machine learning models are trained for a particular task from the previously available data for the task</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>AI has wide scope in day to day applications.</td> 
   <td>Machine learning has comparatively limited scope.&nbsp;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>AI learns from reasoning and self-correction.</td> 
   <td>Machine learning just from self-correction.</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Decision making is involved in AI.</td> 
   <td>Decision making not involved.</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>E.g. Applications like Siri, Google Assistant are using AI.</td> 
   <td>E.g. Applications like Google lens (OCR) uses Machine learning.</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

<table> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td> <b>人工智能</b> </td> 
   <td> <b>机器学习</b> </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td> 人工智能与将人类智能发展到计算机系统有关。 </td> 
   <td> 机器学习与从以前可用的数据中提取知识有关。 </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td> 人工智能是关于最大程度地提高成功。 </td> 
   <td> 机器学习是关于使准确性最大化。 </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td> 人工智能系统有望为各种任务提供类似人的行为。 </td> 
   <td> 从任务的先前可用数据中为特定任务训练机器学习模型 </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td> 人工智能在日常应用中具有广泛的应用范围。 </td> 
   <td> 机器学习的范围相对有限。 </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td> 人工智能从推理和自我纠正中学习。 </td> 
   <td> 机器学习仅来自自我校正。 </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td> 决策涉及AI。 </td> 
   <td> 不参与决策。 </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td> 例如，Siri，Google Assistant等应用程序正在使用AI。 </td> 
   <td> 例如，像Google lens(OCR)这样的应用程序使用机器学习。 </td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

Comment down below if you have any queries related to difference between ai and machine learning.

如果您有关于AI和机器学习之间差异的任何疑问，请在下面注释。

> 翻译自: [https://www.thecrazyprogrammer.com/2020/02/difference-between-artificial-intelligence-and-machine-learning.html][https_www.thecrazyprogrammer.com_2020_02_difference-between-artificial-intelligence-and-machine-learning.html]

[Artificial Intelligence]: https://www.thecrazyprogrammer.com/2018/02/advantages-disadvantages-artificial-intelligence.html
[Machine Learning]: https://www.thecrazyprogrammer.com/2018/03/difference-deep-learning-machine-learning.html
[https_www.thecrazyprogrammer.com_2020_02_difference-between-artificial-intelligence-and-machine-learning.html]: https://www.thecrazyprogrammer.com/2020/02/difference-between-artificial-intelligence-and-machine-learning.html