springboot全局异常处理，干掉try catch。

╰+哭是因爲堅強的太久メ 2022-12-14 12:26 142阅读 0赞

## 写在前面 ##

SpringBoot项目进行全局异常的处理是非常有必要的，不仅处理异常方便，而且可以优化代码，干掉try catch。本篇文章基于spring boot。

感谢[https://www.cnblogs.com/xuwujing/p/10933082.html][https_www.cnblogs.com_xuwujing_p_10933082.html]

## 处理500异常 ##

### 自定义基础接口类 ###

public interface BaseErrorInfoInterface {
        /** 错误码*/
        int getResultCode();
    
        /** 错误描述*/
        String getResultMsg();
    }

### 自定义枚举类 ###

public enum CommonEnum implements BaseErrorInfoInterface {
        // 数据操作错误定义
        SUCCESS(200, "成功!"),
        BODY_NOT_MATCH(400,"请求的数据格式不符!"),
        SIGNATURE_NOT_MATCH(401,"请求的数字签名不匹配!"),
        NOT_FOUND(404, "未找到该资源!"),
        INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR(500, "服务器内部错误!"),
        SERVER_BUSY(503,"服务器正忙，请稍后再试!")
        ;
    
        /** 错误码 */
        private int resultCode;
    
        /** 错误描述 */
        private String resultMsg;
    
        CommonEnum(int resultCode, String resultMsg) {
            this.resultCode = resultCode;
            this.resultMsg = resultMsg;
        }
    
        @Override
        public int getResultCode() {
            return resultCode;
        }
    
        @Override
        public String getResultMsg() {
            return resultMsg;
        }
    
    }

### 自定义异常类 ###

public class BusinessException extends RuntimeException  {
        private static final long serialVersionUID = -4879677283847539655L;
    
        private int errorCode;
    
        private String errorMessage;
    
        private String exceptionMessage;
    
        private Exception exception;
    
        public BusinessException(String errorMessage) {
            super();
            this.errorMessage = errorMessage;
        }
    
        public BusinessException(int errorCode, String errorMessage) {
            super();
            this.errorCode = errorCode;
            this.errorMessage = errorMessage;
        }
    
        public BusinessException(int errorCode, String errorMessage, Exception exception) {
            super();
            this.errorCode = errorCode;
            this.errorMessage = errorMessage;
            this.exception = exception;
        }
    
        public BusinessException(String errorMessage, String exceptionMessage) {
            super();
            this.exceptionMessage = exceptionMessage;
            this.errorMessage = errorMessage;
        }
    
        public String getExceptionMessage() {
            return exceptionMessage;
        }
    
        public void setExceptionMessage(String exceptionMessage) {
            this.exceptionMessage = exceptionMessage;
        }
    
        public int getErrorCode() {
            return errorCode;
        }
    
        public void setErrorCode(int errorCode) {
            this.errorCode = errorCode;
        }
    
        public String getErrorMessage() {
            return errorMessage;
        }
    
        public void setErrorMessage(String errorMessage) {
            this.errorMessage = errorMessage;
        }
    
        public Exception getException() {
            return exception;
        }
    
        public void setException(Exception exception) {
            this.exception = exception;
        }
    
        public BusinessException(int errorCode, String errorMessage, String exceptionMessage) {
            super();
            this.errorCode = errorCode;
            this.errorMessage = errorMessage;
            this.exceptionMessage = exceptionMessage;
        }
    }

### 自定义数据格式 ###

public class Result {
        /**
         * 响应代码
         */
        private int code;
    
        /**
         * 响应消息
         */
        private String message;
    
        /**
         * 响应结果
         */
        private Object result;
    
        public Result() {
        }
    
        public Result(BaseErrorInfoInterface errorInfo) {
            this.code = errorInfo.getResultCode();
            this.message = errorInfo.getResultMsg();
        }
    
        public int getCode() {
            return code;
        }
    
        public void setCode(int code) {
            this.code = code;
        }
    
        public String getMessage() {
            return message;
        }
    
        public void setMessage(String message) {
            this.message = message;
        }
    
        public Object getResult() {
            return result;
        }
    
        public void setResult(Object result) {
            this.result = result;
        }
    
        /**
         * 成功
         *
         * @return
         */
        public static Result success() {
            return success(null);
        }
    
        /**
         * 成功
         * @param data
         * @return
         */
        public static Result success(Object data) {
            Result rb = new Result();
            rb.setCode(CommonEnum.SUCCESS.getResultCode());
            rb.setMessage(CommonEnum.SUCCESS.getResultMsg());
            rb.setResult(data);
            return rb;
        }
    
        /**
         * 失败
         */
        public static Result error(BaseErrorInfoInterface errorInfo) {
            Result rb = new Result();
            rb.setCode(errorInfo.getResultCode());
            rb.setMessage(errorInfo.getResultMsg());
            rb.setResult(null);
            return rb;
        }
    
        /**
         * 失败
         */
        public static Result error(int code, String message) {
            Result rb = new Result();
            rb.setCode(code);
            rb.setMessage(message);
            rb.setResult(null);
            return rb;
        }
    
        /**
         * 失败
         */
        public static Result error(String message) {
            Result rb = new Result();
            rb.setCode(-1);
            rb.setMessage(message);
            rb.setResult(null);
            return rb;
        }
    
        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return JSONObject.toJSONString(this);
        }
    
    }

### **自定义全局异常处理类** ###

@ControllerAdvice
    public class GlobalExceptionHandler {
    
        /**
         * 处理自定义的业务异常
         * @param req
         * @param e
         * @return
         */
        @ExceptionHandler(value = BusinessException.class)
        @ResponseBody
        public Result bizExceptionHandler(HttpServletRequest req, BusinessException e){
            System.err.println("未知异常！原因是:"+e.getErrorMessage());
            return Result.error(e.getErrorCode(),e.getErrorMessage());
        }
    
        /**
         * 处理空指针的异常
         * @param req
         * @param e
         * @return
         */
        @ExceptionHandler(value =NullPointerException.class)
        @ResponseBody
        public Result exceptionHandler(HttpServletRequest req, NullPointerException e){
            System.err.println("未知异常！原因是:"+e);
            return Result.error(CommonEnum.BODY_NOT_MATCH);
        }
        
        /**
         * 处理其他异常
         * @param req
         * @param e
         * @return
         */
        @ExceptionHandler(value =Exception.class)
        @ResponseBody
        public Result exceptionHandler(HttpServletRequest req, Exception e){
            System.err.println("未知异常！原因是:"+e);
            return Result.error(CommonEnum.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
        }
    }

### 控制层controller ###

@RestController
    @RequestMapping
    public class LoginController {
    
        @PostMapping("/hello")
        public boolean insert(Integer i) {
            System.out.println("开始...");
            //如果姓名为空就手动抛出一个自定义的异常！
            if(i==null){
                throw  new BusinessException(-1,"i不能为空！");
            }
            return true;
        }
    
        @PutMapping("/hello")
        public boolean update() {
            System.out.println("开始更新...");
            //这里故意造成一个空指针的异常，并且不进行处理
            String str=null;
            str.equals("111");
            return true;
        }
    
        @DeleteMapping("/hello")
        public boolean delete()  {
            System.out.println("开始删除...");
            //这里故意造成一个异常，并且不进行处理
            Integer.parseInt("abc123");
            return true;
        }
    }

### 测试 ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM2MzU3MjQy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM2MzU3MjQy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM2MzU3MjQy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

## 处理404  ##

这里使用最有效的办法。

### 实现ErrorController ###

@RestController
    public class ErrController implements ErrorController {
    
        @Override
        public String getErrorPath() {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            return "/error";
        }
    
        @RequestMapping("/error")
        public boolean handlerError() {
            throw new BusinessException(-1,"页面不存在");
        }
    
    }

### 测试 ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM2MzU3MjQy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

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