在VirtualBox4.2.12上安装Ubuntu&n…

我不是女神ヾ 2022-12-19 13:14 101阅读 0赞

由于是Ubuntu Server，所以没有图形界面，能从Windows的宿主机上共享可执行文件就显得尤其重要，本文记录主要的步骤以供参考。

第一步：为快速更新依赖补丁，需要更换一下Ubuntu的源，这里以12.04为例：

如果是刚安装好的Server版，那么可以用如下命令修改替换官方的源：

$sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list  /etc/apt/sources.list.bak

$sudo sed -i 's/us.archive.ubuntu.com/mirrors.sohu.com/g'  /etc/apt/sources.list

$sudo  sed -i 's/security.ubuntu.com/mirrors.sohu.com/g'  /etc/apt/sources.list

如果是Desktop版，直接使用 sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list修改好了

\#\#\#\#163 更新源\#\#\#\#

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted

deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted

deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise universe

deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise universe

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates universe

deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates universe

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise multiverse

deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise multiverse

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates multiverse

deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates multiverse

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted

deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security universe

deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security universe

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security multiverse

deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security multiverse

deb http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main

deb-src http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main

\#\#\#\#SOHU更新源\#\#\#\#

deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted

deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted

deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted

deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted

deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise universe

deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise universe

deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates universe

deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates universe

deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise multiverse

deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise multiverse

deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates multiverse

deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates multiverse

deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted

deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted

deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security universe

deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security universe

deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security multiverse

deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security multiverse

deb http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main

deb-src http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main

$ sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.apt

$ sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list

\#更替163源或者sohu源

$ sudo apt-get update

在出现key找不到的错误时，执行：

$ sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys < 根据提示add keys here >

$ sudo apt-get update

第二步：在VirtualBox设置共享文件夹

在设备（Device）下面设置共享文件夹，这里注意选择固定分配，并且不要自动挂载，如图所示：

[![在VirtualBox4.2.12上安装Ubuntu Server 12.04 LTS共享文件夹][VirtualBox4.2.12_Ubuntu_wbr_Server_wbr_12.04_wbr_LTS]][VirtualBox4.2.12_Ubuntu_wbr_Server_wbr_12.04_wbr_LTS_VirtualBox4.2.12_Ubuntu_wbr_Server_wbr_12.04_wbr_LTS]

第三步：安装VirtualBox Guest Additions，并挂载共享文件夹至mnt目录

\#挂载VBoxLinuxAdditions安装介质

$ sudo mount /dev/cdrom /media/cdrom

$ ls -l /media/cdrom/

$ sudo apt-get install -y dkms build-essential linux-headers-generic linux-headers-$(uname -r)

\#安装VirtualBox Guest Additions

$ sudo /media/cdrom/VBoxLinuxAdditions.run

\#挂载共享目录

$ sudo mount -t vboxsf shared /mnt

大功告成! ![在VirtualBox4.2.12上安装Ubuntu Server 12.04 LTS共享文件夹][VirtualBox4.2.12_Ubuntu_wbr_Server_wbr_12.04_wbr_LTS]

[VirtualBox4.2.12_Ubuntu_wbr_Server_wbr_12.04_wbr_LTS]: /images/20221120/d7a5dfabaf2f465e916cfc9493bf28ea.png
[VirtualBox4.2.12_Ubuntu_wbr_Server_wbr_12.04_wbr_LTS_VirtualBox4.2.12_Ubuntu_wbr_Server_wbr_12.04_wbr_LTS]: /images/20221120/f9573c7c25114abcbdad57f13ff504fc.png
[VirtualBox4.2.12_Ubuntu_wbr_Server_wbr_12.04_wbr_LTS_VirtualBox4.2.12_Ubuntu_wbr_Server_wbr_12.04_wbr_LTS 1]: /images/20221120/162ee55e25e64aa8ac9f34c2b9bb35cf.png