陈正康考研英语长难句 51~75

女爷i 2022-12-23 03:17 122阅读 0赞

### 长难句100句 ###

*  【DAY51】They fail to grasp that welcoming foreign students to the United States has two important positive effects: first, the very best of them stay in the States ; and second, foreign students who study in the United States become ambassadors for many of its most cherished values when they return home.
 *  【DAY52】This has been due, in part, to the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, which has invested $1.8 billion in American high schools, helping to open about 1,000 small schools —— most of them with about 400 kids each, with an average enrollment of only 150 per grade.
 *  【DAY53】I wondered what I would do if confronted with a real midair medical emergency without access to a hospital staff and the usual emergency equipment.
 *  【DAY54】If you are submitting your resume in English，find out if the recipient uses British English or American English because there are variations between the two versions.
 *  【DAY55】While there's no question that continuous stress is harmful, several studies suggest that challenging situations can be good for you.
 *  【DAY56】To prepare children for successful careers in first grade and beyond, Japanese schools do not teach reading, writing, and mathematics, but rather skills such as persistence, concentration, and the ability to work as a member of a group.
 *  【DAY57】In the wake of September 11, changes in the visa process caused a dramatic decline in the number of foreign students seeking admission to U.S. universities, and a corresponding surge in enrollments in Australia, Singapore and the U.K.
 *  【DAY58】Inequality is dangerous, he argued, not merely because it doesn't look good to have a large gap between the rich and the poor, but because inequality itself destroys upward mobility, making it harder for the poor to escape from poverty.
 *  【DAY59】In 2003, when Cambridge University appointed Alison Richard, another former Yale provost, as its vice-chancellor, the university publicly stressed that in her previous job she had overseen a major strengthening of Yale's financial position.
 *  【DAY60】In a time of low academic achievement by children in the United States, many Americans are turning to Japan, a country of high academic achievement and economic success, for possible answers.
 *  【DAY61】Finally, other people may give us instrumental support — financial aid, material resources, and needed services — that reduces stress by helping us resolve and cope with our problems.
 *  【DAY62】Robert Foss，a scientist at the University of \`North Carolina(美国)北卡罗来纳州\` Highway Safety Research Center，says the higher death rates for teenage drivers have less to do with "really stupid behavior" than with just a lack of driving experience.
 *  【DAY63】
 *   *  Splendid is the architecture of Manhattan, the heart of the city, with its one hundred and more skyscrapers.
     *  Only recently did linguists begin the serious study of languages that were very different from their own.
 *  【DAY64】Not only do we evaluate the cause of the pain, which can help us treat the pain better, but we also help provide comprehensive therapy for depression and other psychological and social issues related to chronic pain.
 *  【DAY65】Perhaps it was the extreme contrast with Japanese society that prompted American firms to pay more attention to women buyers.
 *  【DAY66】The technological advances made it possible for the middle classes to enjoy what had once been affordable only to the very rich.
 *  【DAY67】Over the years, tools and technology themselves as a source of fundamental innovation have largely been ignored by historians and philosophers of science.
 *  【DAY68】The target is wrong, for in attacking the tests, critics divert attention from the fault that lies with ill-informed or incompetent users.
 *  \*【DAY69】In general, the tests work most effectively when the qualities to be measured can be most precisely defined and least effectively when what is to be measured or predicted cannot be well defined.
 *  【DAY70】This seems mostly effectively done by supporting a certain amount of research not related to immediate goals but of possible consequence in the future.
 *  【DAY71】New forms of thought as well as new subjects for thought must arise in the future as they have in the past, giving rise to new standards of elegance.
 *  【DAY72】Actually, it isn't, because it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights, which is something the world does not have.
 *  【DAY73】Some philosophers argue that rights exist only within a social contract, as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements.
 *  【DAY74】It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset: it invites you to think that animals should be treated either with the consideration humans extend to other humans, or with no consideration at all.
 *  【DAY75】When that happens, it is not a mistake: it is mankind's instinct for moral reasoning in action, an instinct that should be encouraged rather than laughed at.

> [考研英语长难句 1~25][1_25]  
> [考研英语长难句 26~50][26_50]  
> 考研英语长难句 51~75

# 【DAY51】They fail to grasp that welcoming foreign students to the United States has two important positive effects: first, the very best of them stay in the States ; and second, foreign students who study in the United States become ambassadors for many of its most cherished values when they return home. #

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grasp v.抓住，理解，掌握

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They fail to grasp that welcoming foreign students to the United States has two important positive effects: first, the very best of them stay in the States; and second, foreign students who study in the United States become **ambassadors(大使)** for many of its **most cherished values(最珍惜的价值观)** when they return home.

*  他们未能理解欢迎外国学生前往美国有两个重要的积极影响：首先，他们中最出色的人会留在美国，第二点，当在美国学习的外国学生回国后，他们会成为美国最珍惜的价值观的使者（传递美国最珍惜的价值观）。

# 【DAY52】This has been due, in part, to the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, which has invested $1.8 billion in American high schools, helping to open about 1,000 small schools —— most of them with about 400 kids each, with an average enrollment of only 150 per grade. #

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found v.建立,创立  
foundation n.基础,基金会,创立  
roll book 点名册  
enroll v.招收,录取  
enrollment n.招收,录取

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This has been due, `插入语,部分地`in part, to the **Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation(比尔和梅琳达盖茨基金会)**, `不能换成that, that无法引导非限定性定语从句`which has invested $1.8 billion in American high schools, `非谓语动词短语`helping to open about 1,000 small schools —— most of them with about 400 kids each, with an average **enrollment** of only 150 **per grade(每个年级)**.

*  部分上这是由于比尔和梅琳达盖茨基金会，这个基金会已经在美国高校投资了18亿美元的，帮助建立了大约1000所小学校 —— 这些学校大部分每个招收400个孩子，每个年级平均只招收150个孩子。

# 【DAY53】I wondered what I would do if confronted with a real midair medical emergency without access to a hospital staff and the usual emergency equipment. #

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access v.接近,到达,得到 n.进入,机会

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I wondered `宾语从句`what I would do if confronted with a real **midair(半空中的)** medical **emergency(医疗紧急情况)** without access to a hospital **staff(全体职员,职员)** and the usual emergency equipment.

*  我想知道，如果我面对一个真实的半空中的医学紧急情况，并且周围无法找到医院员工和常规的紧急情况设备时，我会做什么？

# 【DAY54】If you are submitting your resume in English，find out if the recipient uses British English or American English because there are variations between the two versions. #

If you are submitting your **resume(简历)** in English，`祈使句,加强语气`find out `引导宾语从句,是否`if the **recipient(收件人)** uses British English or American English because there are variations between the two versions.

*  如果你提交的简历是英文的，找出是否收件人用的英式英语或是美式英语，因为这两个版本之间是有变化的。

# 【DAY55】While there’s no question that continuous stress is harmful, several studies suggest that challenging situations can be good for you. #

While **there’s no question that(毫无疑问…)** continuous stress is harmful, several studies **suggest(表明)** that **challenging(挑战性的)** **situations(情况,形式,位置)** can be good for you.

*  尽管毫无疑问连续的压力是有害的，但是几个研究表明挑战性的情况对你是有好处的。

# 【DAY56】To prepare children for successful careers in first grade and beyond, Japanese schools do not teach reading, writing, and mathematics, but rather skills such as persistence, concentration, and the ability to work as a member of a group. #

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not … but (rather) …  不是… 而是…

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To **prepare(使准备)** children for successful careers, in first grade and beyond, Japanese schools do not teach reading, writing, and mathematics, but rather skills such as **persistence(坚持不懈)**, **concentration(集中力)**, and the ability to work as a member of a group.

*  为了使孩子们适合成功的职业生涯，在一年级和一年级往上，日本的学校不教读书、写字和数学，而是教这样的技能：例如坚持不懈、集中注意和**以一个团队成员工作**（**团队合作**）的能力。

# 【DAY57】In the wake of September 11, changes in the visa process caused a dramatic decline in the number of foreign students seeking admission to U.S. universities, and a corresponding surge in enrollments in Australia, Singapore and the U.K. #

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in the wake of 随着…  
corresponding adj.相应的,相当的,通信的  
surge n.汹涌,波涛 v.猛涨,剧增  
enrollment n.录取,登记

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In the wake of September 11, changes in the visa **process(过程,程序)** caused a dramatic decline in the number of foreign students seeking **admission(录取)** to U.S. universities, `急剧的下降、相应的猛涨，并列`and a corresponding surge in **enrollments(录取)** in Australia, Singapore and the U.K.

*  随着911事件的爆发，在签证程序上的改变引起了寻求美国大学录取的外国学生的人数的急剧下降，并且造成了澳大利亚、新家坡和英国的录取人数的猛涨。

# 【DAY58】Inequality is dangerous, he argued, not merely because it doesn’t look good to have a large gap between the rich and the poor, but because inequality itself destroys upward mobility, making it harder for the poor to escape from poverty. #

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not merely…but (also)  不仅仅…而且…  
 the + 形容词  表示一类人, the rich 富人  
generation gap 代沟  
upward mobility 逆袭,上进心

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Inequality is dangerous, he argued, not merely because it doesn’t look good to have a large gap between **the rich** and **the poor**, but because inequality itself destroys **upward mobility(向上移动)**, making it harder for the poor to escape from poverty.

*  他认为，不平等是危险的，不仅仅是因为在富人和穷人之间有巨大的间隙看起来不好，而是因为不平等它本身破坏了上进心，它使得穷人更难逃离贫穷。

# 【DAY59】In 2003, when Cambridge University appointed Alison Richard, another former Yale provost, as its vice-chancellor, the university publicly stressed that in her previous job she had overseen a major strengthening of Yale’s financial position. #

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Cambridge University 剑桥大学  
Yale university 耶鲁大学  
stress n.压力,强调 v.强调,使紧张  
oversee = supervise v.监视,监督,审查  
vice-chancellor = vice-president 副校长  
appoint v.任命,指定,约定  
major adj.主要的,重要的  
strengthening v.n.加强 adj.强化的

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In 2003, when Cambridge University **appointed** Alison Richard, `同位语`another **former** Yale **provost(教务长)**, as its **vice-chancellor**, the university publicly **stressed** that in her previous job she had **overseen** a **major** **strengthening** of Yale’s financial position.

*  在2003年当时剑桥大学指派Alison Richard，她是前任的耶鲁大学教务长，作为剑桥大学的副校长，剑桥大学公开强调在她之前的工作她已经监督过耶鲁大学财政状况的重要加强。

# 【DAY60】In a time of low academic achievement by children in the United States, many Americans are turning to Japan, a country of high academic achievement and economic success, for possible answers. #

In a time of low academic achievement by children in the United States, many Americans are turning to Japan, a country of high academic achievement and economic success, for possible answers.

*  在美国的孩子低学术成就的一段时期，许多美国人转向日本追寻可能的答案，日本是一个高学术成就和经济成功的国家。

# 【DAY61】Finally, other people may give us instrumental support — financial aid, material resources, and needed services — that reduces stress by helping us resolve and cope with our problems. #

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instrument n.工具,乐器  
instrumental adj.有帮助的,仪器的

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Finally, other people may give us **instrumental** support — financial aid, material resources, and needed services — that reduces stress by helping us **resolve(解决)** and **cope(处理)** with our problems.

*  最终，其他人可能会给我们**有帮助**的支持——财政帮助，物质资源以及需要的服务——这个支持通过帮助我们解决和处理问题来减少压力。

# 【DAY62】Robert Foss，a scientist at the University of `North Carolina(美国)北卡罗来纳州` Highway Safety Research Center，says the higher death rates for teenage drivers have less to do with “really stupid behavior” than with just a lack of driving experience. #

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have … to do with … 和…有关系  
have nothing to do with you 和你没有关系  
have lees to do with you 和你关系少

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Robert Foss，a scientist at the University of `North Carolina(美国)北卡罗来纳州` Highway Safety Research Center，says the higher death rates for teenage drivers have less to do with “really stupid behavior” `比较结构`than with just a lack of driving experience.

*  Robert Foss 是美国北卡罗来纳州大学高速路安全研究中心的一个科学家，他说青年司机的更高的死亡率和“真正的愚蠢行为”关系少，更多的只是驾驶经验的缺乏。

# 【DAY63】 #

## Splendid is the architecture of Manhattan, the heart of the city, with its one hundred and more skyscrapers. ##

`修辞倒装`**Splendid(辉煌,灿烂,极好的)** is the **architecture(建筑)** of Manhattan, the heart of the city, with its one hundred and more **skyscrapers(摩天楼,高楼)**.

*  曼哈顿岛的建筑是光辉壮丽的，它是城市的心脏，有一百多座摩天大楼。

## Only recently did linguists begin the serious study of languages that were very different from their own. ##

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only + 状语(副词.介词) 要倒装！

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`倒装`**Only recently(只是最近)** did linguists begin the serious study of languages that were very different from their own.

*  只是最近语言学家才开始严肃地研究和自己的语言完全不同的语言。

# 【DAY64】Not only do we evaluate the cause of the pain, which can help us treat the pain better, but we also help provide comprehensive therapy for depression and other psychological and social issues related to chronic pain. #

--------------------

chronic adj.慢性的,长期的  
therapy n.治疗  
comprehensive adj.综合的,广泛的,有理解力的

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Not only do we evaluate the cause of the pain, which can help us **treat(处理)** the pain better, but we also help provide **comprehensive therapy(综合治疗)** for **depression** and other psychological and social issues related to chronic pain.

*  我们不仅评估了疼痛的原因，这可以帮助我们更好的处理疼痛，而且我们也帮助为压抑和其他心理的和社会问题所反映的长期疼痛提供了综合治疗。

# 【DAY65】Perhaps it was the extreme contrast with Japanese society that prompted American firms to pay more attention to women buyers. #

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it is + adj + that 强调句 译为：正是…  
contrary adj.相反的,对立的  
contrast v.n. 对比,对照  
on the contrary 正相反

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Perhaps it was the **extreme contrast(极端的对照)** with Japanese society that prompted American firms to pay more attention to women buyers.

*  或许正是和日本社会的极端的对照，推动了美国公司花更多注意力在女性卖家。

# 【DAY66】The technological advances made it possible for the middle classes to enjoy what had once been affordable only to the very rich. #

The **technological advances(科技进步)** made it possible for the middle classes to enjoy what had once been affordable only to the very rich.

*  科技进步使得中产阶级可能享受到曾经只有很富有的人才支付的起的东西。

# 【DAY67】Over the years, tools and technology themselves as a source of fundamental innovation have largely been ignored by historians and philosophers of science. #

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technology n.技术,工艺  
science and technology 科技  
fundamental adj.根本的,基本的

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**Over the years(过去那些年)**, tools and **technology** themselves as a source of **fundamental** innovation have largely been ignored by historians and philosophers of science.

*  这些年以来，工具和技术本身作为根本的创新的来源，已经在很大程度上被科学历史学家和科学哲学家们忽视了。

# 【DAY68】The target is wrong, for in attacking the tests, critics divert attention from the fault that lies with ill-informed or incompetent users. #

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for 1、为了 2、因为  
in dong … 在做某事的过程中  
by dong … 通过做某事…  
lie in = lie with 在于…, 取决于…

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The target is wrong, for in attacking the tests, critics divert attention from the fault `定语从句修饰fault`that lies with **ill-informed(消息不灵通的)** or **incompetent(无能力的,无竞争力的,不能胜任的)** users.

*  目标是错误的，因为在攻击测试的过程中，批评家从错误上转移了注意力(批评家没有注意到错误)，这个错误在于消息不灵通或没能力的用户身上。

# \*【DAY69】In general, the tests work most effectively when the qualities to be measured can be most precisely defined and least effectively when what is to be measured or predicted cannot be well defined. #

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中国人习惯时间状语前置翻译！  
work vi.有效,起作用  
quality n.质量,品质,性质 adj.高质量的,高品质的

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In general, `主干是主谓结构(非主谓宾)`the tests **work(v.有效)** most effectively `时间状语,可以前置翻译`when **the qualities to be measured(将要测量的品质)** can be most precisely defined and least effectively `时间状语`when what is to be measured or predicted cannot be well defined.

*  总的来说，当将要测量的品质可以被准确的定义时，测试是最有效的，并且当将要测量或者预测的品质没有被很好的定义时，测试是最无效的。

# 【DAY70】This seems mostly effectively done by supporting a certain amount of research not related to immediate goals but of possible consequence in the future. #

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immediate adj.直接的,立即的  
be related to 与…有关  
consequence n.影响,后果

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This seems mostly effectively done by supporting a certain amount of research not related to **immediate goals(直接目标)** but of possible **consequence** in the future.

*  通过支持一定数量的研究，这些研究和直接目标无关而是将来的可能影响，这似乎可以被最有效的做出来。

# 【DAY71】New forms of thought as well as new subjects for thought must arise in the future as they have in the past, giving rise to new standards of elegance. #

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as well as 表示并列，相当于 and  
 give rise to = result in = lead to 导致，引起  
subject n.主题,对象 v.受…支配  
be subject to 从属于,受…支配  
arise v.出现,上升  
elegant adj.优雅的,高雅的

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New forms of thought as well as **new subjects for thought(新的思考对象)** must **arise(出现)** in the future **as** they have in the past, **giving rise to(产生)** new standards of elegance.

*  新的思考形式和新的思考主题，就像过去那样，将来一定会出现，产生新的优雅的标准。

# 【DAY72】Actually, it isn’t, because it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights, which is something the world does not have. #

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account for 解释说明、占/占据  
account n.描述,解释,账单,理由

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Actually, it isn’t, because it **assumes(假设)** that there is an **agreed(一致的,同意的)** **account(描述)** of human rights, which is something (that) the world does not have.

*  实际上，不是这样的，因为它假设对人类权力有一致的描述，而这是世界上还没有的(而这是不存在的)。

# 【DAY73】Some philosophers argue that rights exist only within a social contract, as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements. #

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entitle v.给某人权力(或资格), 给…题名  
entitlement = right n. 权力

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Some philosophers **argue that(认为)** rights exist only within a social **contract(合同,契约)**, as part of an **exchange** of duties and **entitlements**.

*  一些哲学家认为权力只存在于社会契约中，并且作为一种责任和权力的交换的一部分。

# 【DAY74】It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset: it invites you to think that animals should be treated either with the consideration humans extend to other humans, or with no consideration at all. #

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either … or… 要么…要么…  
extreme adj.极端的 n.极端  
set out 出发,开始  
outset n.开始,开端

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It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset: it invites you to think that animals should be treated either with the consideration humans extend to other humans, or with no consideration at all.

*  一开始它就把讨论引向了极端：它使你去认为要么对待动物就应该像人类对待其他人类一样，要么就根本不需要。

# 【DAY75】When that happens, it is not a mistake: it is mankind’s instinct for moral reasoning in action, an instinct that should be encouraged rather than laughed at. #

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instinct n.本能,直觉  
instinctive adj.本能的  
reason v.推理,推断,说服 n.理由,理性,理智  
in action 起作用

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When that happens, it is not a mistake: it is mankind’s instinct for **moral reasoning(道德推理)** in action, an instinct that should be encouraged rather than laughed at.

*  当那发生的时候，它不是一个错误：它是人类道德推理的本能在起作用，这个本能应当被鼓励而不是嘲笑。

[1_25]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43734095/article/details/109551611
[26_50]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43734095/article/details/109700051