在本机搭建Linux环境

桃扇骨 2022-12-23 03:19 160阅读 0赞

**前言：在自己电脑上搭建Linux环境，我们需要做一下几个事情**  
**1.安装虚拟机vmvare  
2.给虚拟机添加centos镜像  
3.进行网络配置  
4.安装xshell  
5.安装sftp/winscp  
6.根据所需安装相应环境如jdk 、mysql、 tomcat**

**一 具体步骤：**

**安装vmvare**  
虚拟机是什么？  
虚拟机 通过软件来模拟具有完整硬件系统功能的，运行在完全隔离的完整计算机系统，每个虚拟计算机可以独立运行并安装各种软件和应用

*  首先从官方下载并解压虚拟机安装包，然后双击运行

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NoYXNzZA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center]

*  下一步：

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NoYXNzZA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 1]

*  选择安装位置，最好不要出现中文

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NoYXNzZA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 2]

*  设置用户体验选项，都可以选择  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NoYXNzZA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 3]
 *  在桌面和开始菜单程序文件夹创建快捷方式。  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NoYXNzZA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 4]  
    打开vmvare  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NoYXNzZA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 5]
 *  点击新建虚拟机向导 选择文件-新建虚拟机打开  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NoYXNzZA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 6]
 *  选择自定义 下一步  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NoYXNzZA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 7]
 *  下一步  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NoYXNzZA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 8]
 *  安装客户机操作系统，选择稍后安装操作系统  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NoYXNzZA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 9]
 *  命名虚拟机 更改虚拟机名称并选择安装得位置  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NoYXNzZA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 10]
 *  更改主机配置进行处理的分配  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NoYXNzZA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 11]
 *  虚拟内存分配：注意内存分配不能大于主机内存  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NoYXNzZA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 12]
 *  设置虚拟机网络得类型，这里选择NAT  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NoYXNzZA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 13]
 *  IO控制器选择，选择LSILogic
 *  磁盘类型选择SCSI即可  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NoYXNzZA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 14]
 *  创建磁盘选择创建新虚拟磁盘  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NoYXNzZA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 15]
 *  指定磁盘文件  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NoYXNzZA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 16]
 *  修改路径
    
    选择自定义硬件  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NoYXNzZA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 17]  
    选择centos得ISO镜像文件，先选择CDDVN—ISO镜像文件—浏览找到镜像、  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NoYXNzZA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 18]
 *  点击完成  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NoYXNzZA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 19]
 *  开启虚拟机 选择配置好的虚拟机  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NoYXNzZA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 20]
 *  鼠标移动到虚拟机内部，上下键选择install centos7然后回车  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NoYXNzZA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 21]
 *  选择软件选择最小安装，选择语言  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NoYXNzZA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 22]
 *  软件安装  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NoYXNzZA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 23]
 *  选择计算节点  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NoYXNzZA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 24]
 *  开始安装  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NoYXNzZA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 25]
 *  设置root密码，点击完成配置  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][20201121210143262.png_pic_center]  
    2 进行网络配置  
    现在我们的centos还是个空壳子，如果我们需要访问外网，则需要进一步配置一波

打开配置文件

#vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

更改相应配置

DEVICE=eth0 #设备名称，可根据ifcofnig命令查看到。
    BOOTPROTO=dhcp #连接方式，dhcp会自动分配地址，此时不需要在下面设置ip和网关
    HWADDR=00:0C:29:AD:66:9F #硬件地址，可根据ifcofnig命令查看到。
    ONBOOT=yes #yes表示启动就执行该配置，需要改为yes

*  service restart network完事 ping www.baidu.com  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NoYXNzZA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 26]  
    **3 安装xshell**  
    Xshell 是一个强大的安全终端模拟软件，Xshell 可以在 Windows 界面下用来访问远端不同系统下的服务器，从而比较好的达到远程控制终端的目的。除此之外，其还有丰富的外观配色方案以及样式选择。

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