ImportError: cannot import name ‘db‘ from partially initialized module ‘app‘ (most likely due to a c

缺乏、安全感 2022-12-23 03:28 274阅读 0赞

前言

最近编写flask项目时，无法加载db，报错

错误信息

  1. C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\Scripts\python.exe "D:\pycharm\PyCharm 2020.2.3\plugins\python\helpers\pydev\pydevd.py" --multiproc --qt-support=auto --client 127.0.0.1 --port 51279 --file D:/code/movie_project/manage.py
  2. pydev debugger: process 7596 is connecting
  4. Connected to pydev debugger (build 202.7660.27)
  5. Traceback (most recent call last):
  6.   File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1007, in _find_and_load
  7.   File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 986, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  8.   File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 680, in _load_unlocked
  9.   File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 790, in exec_module
  10.   File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 228, in _call_with_frames_removed
  11.   File "D:\code\movie_project\app\__init__.py", line 13, in <module>
  12.     from app.admin import admin as admin_blueprint
  13.   File "D:\code\movie_project\app\admin\__init__.py", line 7, in <module>
  14.     import app.admin.views
  15.   File "D:\code\movie_project\app\admin\views.py", line 12, in <module>
  16.     from app.admin.forms import LoginForm
  17.   File "D:\code\movie_project\app\admin\forms.py", line 12, in <module>
  18.     from app.models import Admin
  19.   File "D:\code\movie_project\app\models.py", line 11, in <module>
  20.     from app import db
  21. ImportError: cannot import name 'db' from partially initialized module 'app' (most likely due to a circular import) (D:\code\movie_project\app\__init__.py)
  22. python-BaseException
  24. Process finished with exit code 1

通过上面人性化的错误信息，可以看到，导入包的顺序不正确，调整包的加载顺序，试一试，调试了导入的顺序，还是不行，最终注释了下面的代码

在这里插入图片描述
项目可以跑起来，但是访问接口时爆粗，继续查找错误信息。

  1. C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\Scripts\python.exe "D:\pycharm\PyCharm 2020.2.3\plugins\python\helpers\pydev\pydevd.py" --multiproc --qt-support=auto --client 127.0.0.1 --port 51494 --file D:/code/movie_project/manage.py
  2. pydev debugger: process 12068 is connecting
  3. Connected to pydev debugger (build 202.7660.27)
  4. C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\lib\site-packages\flask_sqlalchemy\__init__.py:812: UserWarning: Neither SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI nor SQLALCHEMY_BINDS is set. Defaulting SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI to "sqlite:///:memory:".
  5.   warnings.warn(
  6. C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\lib\site-packages\flask_sqlalchemy\__init__.py:833: FSADeprecationWarning: SQLALCHEMY_TRACK_MODIFICATIONS adds significant overhead and will be disabled by default in the future.  Set it to True or False to suppress this warning.
  7.   warnings.warn(FSADeprecationWarning(
  8.  * Restarting with stat
  9.  * Serving Flask app "app" (lazy loading)
  10.  * Environment: production
  11.    WARNING: This is a development server. Do not use it in a production deployment.
  12.    Use a production WSGI server instead.
  13.  * Debug mode: on
  14. pydev debugger: process 6616 is connecting
  15. C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\lib\site-packages\flask_sqlalchemy\__init__.py:812: UserWarning: Neither SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI nor SQLALCHEMY_BINDS is set. Defaulting SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI to "sqlite:///:memory:".
  16.   warnings.warn(
  17. C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\lib\site-packages\flask_sqlalchemy\__init__.py:833: FSADeprecationWarning: SQLALCHEMY_TRACK_MODIFICATIONS adds significant overhead and will be disabled by default in the future.  Set it to True or False to suppress this warning.
  18.   warnings.warn(FSADeprecationWarning(
  19.  * Debugger is active!
  20.  * Debugger PIN: 276-680-530
  21.  * Running on http://127.0.0.1:5000/ (Press CTRL+C to quit)
  22. 127.0.0.1 - - [22/Nov/2020 11:14:58] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 500 -
  23. Traceback (most recent call last):
  24.   File "C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\Lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 1950, in full_dispatch_request
  25.     rv = self.dispatch_request()
  26.   File "C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\Lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 1926, in dispatch_request
  27.     self.raise_routing_exception(req)
  28.   File "C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\Lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 1908, in raise_routing_exception
  29.     raise request.routing_exception
  30.   File "C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\Lib\site-packages\flask\ctx.py", line 350, in match_request
  31.     result = self.url_adapter.match(return_rule=True)
  32.   File "C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\Lib\site-packages\werkzeug\routing.py", line 1945, in match
  33.     raise NotFound()
  34. werkzeug.exceptions.NotFound: 404 Not Found: The requested URL was not found on the server. If you entered the URL manually please check your spelling and try again.
  35. During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
  36. Traceback (most recent call last):
  37.   File "C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\Lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 2464, in __call__
  38.     return self.wsgi_app(environ, start_response)
  39.   File "C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\Lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 2450, in wsgi_app
  40.     response = self.handle_exception(e)
  41.   File "C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\Lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 1867, in handle_exception
  42.     reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
  43.   File "C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\Lib\site-packages\flask\_compat.py", line 39, in reraise
  44.     raise value
  45.   File "C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\Lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 2447, in wsgi_app
  46.     response = self.full_dispatch_request()
  47.   File "C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\Lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 1952, in full_dispatch_request
  48.     rv = self.handle_user_exception(e)
  49.   File "C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\Lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 1816, in handle_user_exception
  50.     return self.handle_http_exception(e)
  51.   File "C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\Lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 1744, in handle_http_exception
  52.     return handler(e)
  53.   File "D:\code\movie_project\app\__init__.py", line 30, in page_not_found
  54.     return render_template('home/404.html'), 404
  55.   File "C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\Lib\site-packages\flask\templating.py", line 138, in render_template
  56.     ctx.app.jinja_env.get_or_select_template(template_name_or_list),
  57.   File "C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\Lib\site-packages\jinja2\environment.py", line 930, in get_or_select_template
  58.     return self.get_template(template_name_or_list, parent, globals)
  59.   File "C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\Lib\site-packages\jinja2\environment.py", line 883, in get_template
  60.     return self._load_template(name, self.make_globals(globals))
  61.   File "C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\Lib\site-packages\jinja2\environment.py", line 857, in _load_template
  62.     template = self.loader.load(self, name, globals)
  63.   File "C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\Lib\site-packages\jinja2\loaders.py", line 115, in load
  64.     source, filename, uptodate = self.get_source(environment, name)
  65.   File "C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\Lib\site-packages\flask\templating.py", line 60, in get_source
  66.     return self._get_source_fast(environment, template)
  67.   File "C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\Lib\site-packages\flask\templating.py", line 89, in _get_source_fast
  68.     raise TemplateNotFound(template)
  69. jinja2.exceptions.TemplateNotFound: home/404.html
  70. 127.0.0.1 - - [22/Nov/2020 11:14:58] "GET /?__debugger__=yes&cmd=resource&f=style.css HTTP/1.1" 200 -
  71. 127.0.0.1 - - [22/Nov/2020 11:14:58] "GET /?__debugger__=yes&cmd=resource&f=jquery.js HTTP/1.1" 200 -
  72. 127.0.0.1 - - [22/Nov/2020 11:14:58] "GET /?__debugger__=yes&cmd=resource&f=debugger.js HTTP/1.1" 200 -
  73. 127.0.0.1 - - [22/Nov/2020 11:14:59] "GET /?__debugger__=yes&cmd=resource&f=ubuntu.ttf HTTP/1.1" 200 -
  74. 127.0.0.1 - - [22/Nov/2020 11:14:59] "GET /?__debugger__=yes&cmd=resource&f=console.png HTTP/1.1" 200 -
  75. 127.0.0.1 - - [22/Nov/2020 11:15:21] "GET /admin/test HTTP/1.1" 500 -
  76. Traceback (most recent call last):
  77.   File "C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\Lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 1950, in full_dispatch_request
  78.     rv = self.dispatch_request()
  79.   File "C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\Lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 1926, in dispatch_request
  80.     self.raise_routing_exception(req)
  81.   File "C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\Lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 1908, in raise_routing_exception
  82.     raise request.routing_exception
  83.   File "C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\Lib\site-packages\flask\ctx.py", line 350, in match_request
  84.     result = self.url_adapter.match(return_rule=True)
  85.   File "C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\Lib\site-packages\werkzeug\routing.py", line 1945, in match
  86.     raise NotFound()
  87. werkzeug.exceptions.NotFound: 404 Not Found: The requested URL was not found on the server. If you entered the URL manually please check your spelling and try again.
  88. During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
  89. Traceback (most recent call last):
  90.   File "C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\Lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 2464, in __call__
  91.     return self.wsgi_app(environ, start_response)
  92.   File "C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\Lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 2450, in wsgi_app
  93.     response = self.handle_exception(e)
  94.   File "C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\Lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 1867, in handle_exception
  95.     reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
  96.   File "C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\Lib\site-packages\flask\_compat.py", line 39, in reraise
  97.     raise value
  98.   File "C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\Lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 2447, in wsgi_app
  99.     response = self.full_dispatch_request()
  100.   File "C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\Lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 1952, in full_dispatch_request
  101.     rv = self.handle_user_exception(e)
  102.   File "C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\Lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 1816, in handle_user_exception
  103.     return self.handle_http_exception(e)
  104.   File "C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\Lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 1744, in handle_http_exception
  105.     return handler(e)
  106.   File "D:\code\movie_project\app\__init__.py", line 30, in page_not_found
  107.     return render_template('home/404.html'), 404
  108.   File "C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\Lib\site-packages\flask\templating.py", line 138, in render_template
  109.     ctx.app.jinja_env.get_or_select_template(template_name_or_list),
  110.   File "C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\Lib\site-packages\jinja2\environment.py", line 930, in get_or_select_template
  111.     return self.get_template(template_name_or_list, parent, globals)
  112.   File "C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\Lib\site-packages\jinja2\environment.py", line 883, in get_template
  113.     return self._load_template(name, self.make_globals(globals))
  114.   File "C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\Lib\site-packages\jinja2\environment.py", line 857, in _load_template
  115.     template = self.loader.load(self, name, globals)
  116.   File "C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\Lib\site-packages\jinja2\loaders.py", line 115, in load
  117.     source, filename, uptodate = self.get_source(environment, name)
  118.   File "C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\Lib\site-packages\flask\templating.py", line 60, in get_source
  119.     return self._get_source_fast(environment, template)
  120.   File "C:\Users\Administrator\.virtualenvs\movie_project-7781sJXo\Lib\site-packages\flask\templating.py", line 89, in _get_source_fast
  121.     raise TemplateNotFound(template)
  122. jinja2.exceptions.TemplateNotFound: home/404.html
  123. 127.0.0.1 - - [22/Nov/2020 11:15:21] "GET /admin/test?__debugger__=yes&cmd=resource&f=style.css HTTP/1.1" 200 -
  124. 127.0.0.1 - - [22/Nov/2020 11:15:21] "GET /admin/test?__debugger__=yes&cmd=resource&f=jquery.js HTTP/1.1" 200 -
  125. 127.0.0.1 - - [22/Nov/2020 11:15:21] "GET /admin/test?__debugger__=yes&cmd=resource&f=debugger.js HTTP/1.1" 200 -
  126. 127.0.0.1 - - [22/Nov/2020 11:15:21] "GET /admin/test?__debugger__=yes&cmd=resource&f=ubuntu.ttf HTTP/1.1" 200 -
  127. 127.0.0.1 - - [22/Nov/2020 11:15:21] "GET /admin/test?__debugger__=yes&cmd=resource&f=console.png HTTP/1.1" 200 -
  128. 127.0.0.1 - - [22/Nov/2020 11:15:21] "GET /admin/test?__debugger__=yes&cmd=resource&f=console.png HTTP/1.1" 200 -

感觉是没有导入包：
在这里插入图片描述
导入包以后，访问接口可以正常访问：
在这里插入图片描述

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