logrotate: 日志切割，备份

客官°小女子只卖身不卖艺 2022-12-23 06:54 236阅读 0赞

### 文章目录 ###

*  1, 定时任务调用链
 *  2, 查看帮助：配置文件使用
 *  3, 自定义配置：切割/备份指定文件

# 1, 定时任务调用链 #

crontab任务配置使用: [https://blog.csdn.net/eyeofeagle/article/details/83217396][https_blog.csdn.net_eyeofeagle_article_details_83217396]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2V5ZW9mZWFnbGU_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center]

# 2, 查看帮助：配置文件使用 #

*  It allows automatic rotation, compression, removal, and mailing of log files
 *  Each log file may be handled daily, weekly, monthly, or when it grows too large.

[root@c72 ~]# cat /etc/logrotate.conf
    # see "man logrotate" for details
    # rotate log files weekly
    weekly
    
    # keep 4 weeks worth of backlogs
    rotate 4
    
    # create new (empty) log files after rotating old ones
    create
    
    # use date as a suffix of the rotated file
    dateext
    
    # uncomment this if you want your log files compressed
    #compress
    
    # RPM packages drop log rotation information into this directory
    include /etc/logrotate.d
    
    # no packages own wtmp and btmp -- we'll rotate them here
    /var/log/wtmp { 
        monthly
        create 0664 root utmp
            minsize 1M
        rotate 1
    }
    ...
    
    
    
    [root@test-c6 ~]# ls /etc/logrotate.d
    ConsoleKit  dracut  httpd  kadmind  krb5kdc  mysql  psacct  syslog  yum
    
    [root@test-c6 ~]# rpm -qf /etc/logrotate.d/mysql
    MySQL-server-5.5.62-1.el6.x86_64
    [root@test-c6 ~]# rpm -qf /etc/logrotate.d/yum
    yum-3.2.29-81.el6.centos.0.1.noarch
    [root@test-c6 ~]# rpm -qf /etc/logrotate.d/syslog
    rsyslog-5.8.10-12.el6.x86_64
    
    [root@test-c6 ~]# cat /etc/logrotate.d/httpd
    /var/log/httpd/*log { 
        missingok
        notifempty
        sharedscripts
        delaycompress
        postrotate
            /sbin/service httpd reload > /dev/null 2>/dev/null || true
        endscript
    }
    
    
    [root@test-c6 ~]# man logrotate
    ...
    CONFIGURATION FILE
    	   logrotate reads everything about the log files it should be handling from the series of configuration files specified on the  command
    	     line.  Each configuration file can set global options (local definitions override global ones, and later definitions override earlier
    	     ones) and specify logfiles to rotate. A simple configuration file looks like this:
    
           # sample logrotate configuration file
           compress
    
           /var/log/messages { 
               rotate 5
               weekly
               postrotate
                   /usr/bin/killall -HUP syslogd
               endscript
           }
    ...
    copytruncate
         Truncate the original log file in place after creating a copy, instead of moving the old log file and  optionally  creating  a
           new  one.  It can be used when some program cannot be told to close its logfile and thus might continue writing (appending) to
           the previous log file forever.  Note that there is a very small time slice between copying the file and truncating it, so some
           logging  data  might  be  lost.  When this option is used, the create option will have no effect, as the old log file stays in
           place.
    notifempty
        Do not rotate the log if it is empty

# 3, 自定义配置：切割/备份指定文件 #

[root@test-c6 ~]# cat /etc/logrotate.d/1.log
     /var/log/1.txt 
     /var/log/a.txt { 
               missingok
               notifempty
               
               rotate 3
               dateext
               copytruncate
    
               #size 10M
               maxsize 10M
               compress
           }
    
    #产生26M测试数据
    [root@test-c6 ~]# head -c 10M /dev/urandom |od -x |tr -d ' ' > /var/log/1.txt
    [root@test-c6 ~]# head -c 10M /dev/urandom |od -x |tr -d ' ' > /var/log/a.txt
    [root@test-c6 ~]# ll -h /var/log/*.txt
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 26M Dec  1 07:41 /var/log/1.txt
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 26M Dec  1 07:41 /var/log/a.txt
    [root@test-c6 ~]# head -1 /var/log/a.txt
    0000000b59092c99538fa92c4c2ecadc418ae1a
    
    #修改当前时间，以生成新的备份文件名
    [root@test-c6 ~]# date -s "$(date -d '2 days' +"%F %T")"
    Thu Dec  3 07:42:09 CST 2020
    
    
    #手动调用rotate，测试：
    [root@test-c6 ~]# logrotate --help
    Usage: logrotate [OPTION...] <configfile>
      -d, --debug               Don't do anything, just test (implies -v) -f, --force Force file rotation -m, --mail=command Command to send mail (instead of `/bin/mail')
      -s, --state=statefile     Path of state file
      -v, --verbose             Display messages during rotation
    ...
    
    [root@test-c6 ~]# logrotate -v -f /etc/logrotate.d/1.log
    reading config file /etc/logrotate.d/1.log
    reading config info for /var/log/1.txt /var/log/a.txt
    
    Handling 1 logs
    
    rotating pattern: /var/log/1.txt /var/log/a.txt  forced from command line (3 rotations)
    empty log files are rotated, old logs are removed
    considering log /var/log/1.txt
      log needs rotating
    considering log /var/log/a.txt
      log needs rotating
    rotating log /var/log/1.txt, log->rotateCount is 3
    dateext suffix '-20201203'
    glob pattern '-[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]'
    glob finding old rotated logs failed
    copying /var/log/1.txt to /var/log/1.txt-20201203
    truncating /var/log/1.txt
    compressing log with: /bin/gzip
    rotating log /var/log/a.txt, log->rotateCount is 3
    dateext suffix '-20201203'
    glob pattern '-[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]'
    glob finding old rotated logs failed
    copying /var/log/a.txt to /var/log/a.txt-20201203
    truncating /var/log/a.txt
    compressing log with: /bin/gzip
    
    
    
    #生成压缩文件
    [root@test-c6 ~]# ls /var/log/*.txt* -lh
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root   0 Dec  3 07:51 /var/log/1.txt
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 14M Dec  3 07:51 /var/log/1.txt-20201203.gz
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root   0 Dec  3 07:51 /var/log/a.txt
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 14M Dec  3 07:51 /var/log/a.txt-20201203.gz
    
    
    
    #解压文件，和原文件对比
    [root@test-c6 ~]# gunzip /var/log/a.txt-20201203.gz
    [root@test-c6 ~]# ls /var/log/a.txt* -lh
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root   0 Dec  3 07:51 /var/log/a.txt
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 26M Dec  3 07:51 /var/log/a.txt-20201203
    [root@test-c6 ~]# head -1 /var/log/a.txt-20201203
    0000000b59092c99538fa92c4c2ecadc418ae1a

[https_blog.csdn.net_eyeofeagle_article_details_83217396]: https://blog.csdn.net/eyeofeagle/article/details/83217396
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