CentOS Linux下安装Oracle11G

拼搏现实的明天。 2022-12-23 13:30 188阅读 0赞

首先确认操作系统位数与Oracle安装包的位数，都选择相同位数，要么都是x86 32位的，要么都选择IA64 64位的。

在此提供CentOS6.7 64位操作系统下载包

CentOS 6.7  
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1\_qjoBrpB90S1PppNpMcClw  
提取码：xtro

Oracle11G 64下载安装包  
Package1  
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1Q9EyJlzoBmeaawskIuzXrQ  
提取码：uio1

Package2  
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1PgcMoyTbZfk\_-9C7yjqa5A  
提取码：i8cj

安装准备工作：

## 1、创建用户 ##

创建 Oracle 组和用户帐户  
/usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall  
/usr/sbin/groupadd dba  
/usr/sbin/useradd -m -g oinstall -G dba oracle  
修改Oracle用户密码  
id oracle  
passwd oracle

## 2、创建挂载点 ##

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle  
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app  
chmod -R 775 /u01/app

## 3、以oracle用户身份执行 ##

打开shell，复制执行

cat >> /home/oracle/.bash\_profile <<EOF  
export ORACLE\_SID=orcl  
export ORACLE\_BASE=/u01/app/oracle  
export ORACLE\_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db\_1  
export PATH=PATH:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db\_1/bin  
EOF

## 4、配置内核参数 ##

以 root 用户身份登录并在每个主机上配置 Linux 内核参数。

cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf <<EOF  
kernel.shmall = 2097152  
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648  
kernel.shmmni = 4096  
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128  
fs.file-max = 65536  
net.ipv4.ip\_local\_port\_range = 1024 65000  
net.core.rmem\_default=262144  
net.core.wmem\_default=262144  
net.core.rmem\_max=262144  
net.core.wmem\_max=262144  
EOF  
/sbin/sysctl -p

为 oracle 用户设置 Shell 限制  
Oracle 建议对每个 Linux 帐户可以使用的进程数量和打开文件的数量设置限制。要进行这些更改，以 root 用户身份剪切和粘贴下列命令。

cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf <<EOF  
oracle soft nproc 2047  
oracle hard nproc 16384  
oracle soft nofile 1024  
oracle hard nofile 65536  
EOF

cat >> /etc/pam.d/login <<EOF  
session required /lib/security/pam\_limits.so  
EOF

cat >> /etc/profile <<EOF  
if \[ $USER = “oracle” \]; then  
if \[ $SHELL = “/bin/ksh” \]; then  
ulimit -p 16384  
ulimit -n 65536  
else  
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536  
fi  
umask 022  
fi  
EOF

cat >> /etc/csh.login <<EOF  
if ( $USER == “oracle” ) then  
limit maxproc 16384  
limit descriptors 65536  
umask 022  
endif  
EOF

## 5、映射CentOS安装镜像到文件系统 ##

\#mkdir -p /iso  
\#mount -t iso9660 -o loop /mnt/hgfs/soft/linux/CentOS-6.7-x86\_64-bin-DVD1.iso /iso

其中/mnt/hgfs/soft是Window通过虚拟机VM共享到Linux上的文件系统

## 6、配置Yum文件 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FpeGlhbmdfY2hlbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center]  
修改CentOS-Base.repo的内容为

[base]
    name=CentOS-$releasever - Base
    baseurl=file:///iso
    gpgcheck=1
    enabled=1
    ~

## 7、安装Oracle依赖库 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FpeGlhbmdfY2hlbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 1]

编辑一个脚本  
vi pack.sh

#!/bin/bash
    #start install required packages
    echo "start installing required packages"
    yum -y install binutils-*
    yum -y install compat-libstdc++-*
    yum -y install compat-libstdc++-*
    yum -y install elfutils-libelf-*
    yum -y install elfutils-libelf-devel-*
    yum -y install gcc-*
    yum -y install gcc-c++-*
    yum -y install glibc-*
    yum -y install glibc-*
    yum -y install glibc-common-*
    yum -y install glibc-devel-*
    yum -y install glibc-devel-*
    yum -y install glibc-headers-*
    yum -y install ksh-*
    yum -y install libaio-*
    yum -y install libaio-*
    yum -y install libaio-devel-*
    yum -y install libaio-devel-*
    yum -y install libgcc-*
    yum -y install libgcc-*
    yum -y install libstdc++-*
    yum -y install libstdc++-*
    yum -y install libstdc++-devel*
    yum -y install make-*
    yum -y install sysstat-*
    yum -y install unixODBC-*

修改pack.sh执行属性  
\#chmod +x pack.sh

执行pack.sh  
\#pack.sh  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FpeGlhbmdfY2hlbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 2]

## 8、准备Oracle安装包，将Oracle安装包上传到Linux,并解压到/u01 ##

\#unzip -x p10404530\_112030\_Linux-x86-64\_1of7.zip -d /u01  
\#unzip -x p10404530\_112030\_Linux-x86-64\_2of7.zip -d /u01

## 9、启动Linux XWindow界面，在XWindow中以root身份启动shell ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FpeGlhbmdfY2hlbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 3]  
运行xhost +  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FpeGlhbmdfY2hlbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 4]  
输入su - oracle 切换到oracle用户  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FpeGlhbmdfY2hlbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 5]  
将当前目录切换到Oracle解压目录  
$cd /u01/database  
开始安装Oracle  
$ ./runInstaller  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FpeGlhbmdfY2hlbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 6]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FpeGlhbmdfY2hlbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 7]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FpeGlhbmdfY2hlbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 8]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FpeGlhbmdfY2hlbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 9]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FpeGlhbmdfY2hlbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 10]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FpeGlhbmdfY2hlbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 11]

10、使用sqlplus连接Oracle  
以oracle用户登录，打开shell  
$sqlplus / as sysdba  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FpeGlhbmdfY2hlbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 12]  
修改scott用户锁定状态  
SQL>alter user scott account unlock  
SQL>conn scott/tigger  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FpeGlhbmdfY2hlbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 13]  
查看表和数据  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FpeGlhbmdfY2hlbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 14]

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