【RabbitMQ】-利用RabbitMQ基本用法，开发项目

ゝ一世哀愁。 2022-12-26 11:16 61阅读 0赞

# 前言 #

利用RabbitMQ语法进行实战练习

--------------------

# RabbitMQ消息交换的关键 #

首先AMQP协议直接定义了RabbitMQ的内部结构和外部行为

*  消息流转流程  
    发送者不能直接将消息发送给最终队列，必须发送给交换机  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzMyMzcwOTEz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]
 *  消息根据路由规则，消息由交换机转发给队列  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzMyMzcwOTEz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]
 *  消息者从队列将消息取走  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzMyMzcwOTEz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]

# 合理的交换机和队列设置 #

*  交换机数量不能过多，一般来说同一个业务，或者同一类业务使用同一个交换机
 *  合理设置队列数量，一般来说一个微服务监听一个队列，或者一个微服务的一个业务监听一个队列
 *  合理配置交换机类型，使用Topic模式时仔细设置绑定键

# 尽量使用自动化配置 #

*  将创建交换机/队列的操作固化在应用代码中，免去复杂的运维操作，高效且不易出错
 *  一般来说，交换机由双方同时声明，队列由接收方声明并配置绑定关系
 *  交换机/队列的参数一定要由双方开发团队确认，否则重复申明时，若参数不一致，会导致声明失败。

# 需求分析 #

*  一个外卖后端系统，用户可以在线下单外卖
 *  用户下单后，可以实时查询订单进度
 *  系统可以承受短时间的大量并发请求

# 架构设计 #

*  使用微服务系统，组件之间充分解耦  
    将应用程序构建为松耦合，可独立部署的一组服务，服务一个单一的，可独立部署软件组件，实现了一些有用的功能，松耦合封装服务的实现细节，通过API调用。  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzMyMzcwOTEz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzMyMzcwOTEz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]
 *  使用消息中间件，解耦业务逻辑
 *  使用数据库，持久化业务数据

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzMyMzcwOTEz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]

# 微服务的数据库设计原则 #

*  每个微服务使用自己的数据库（至少是数据表）
 *  不要使用共享数据库的方式进行通信
 *  不要使用外键，对于数据量非常少的表慎用索引  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzMyMzcwOTEz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]
 *  springboot项目–Gradle Project  
    选择：Lombok, SpringWeb,MyBatis,MySql Driver, Spring for RabbitMQ插件  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzMyMzcwOTEz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzMyMzcwOTEz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzMyMzcwOTEz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9]

# 利用Direct开发餐厅和骑手微服务 #

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzMyMzcwOTEz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzMyMzcwOTEz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11]

# 源代码地址 #

[https://github.com/cunweizhao/springboot-rabbitMq-][https_github.com_cunweizhao_springboot-rabbitMq-]

# 队列和交换机绑定 #

package com.zcw.food.service.impl;
    
    import com.rabbitmq.client.BuiltinExchangeType;
    import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
    import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
    import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
    import com.zcw.food.service.OrderMessageService;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
    
    /** * @ClassName : OrderMessageServiceImpl * @Description : 消息处理相关业务逻辑 * @Author : zhaocunwei * @Date: 2020-12-05 20:43 */
    @Service
    public class OrderMessageServiceImpl implements OrderMessageService { 
        @Override
        public void handleMessage() throws IOException, TimeoutException { 
            ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory();
            connectionFactory.setHost("127.0.0.1");
            try ( Connection connection = connectionFactory.newConnection();
                Channel channel = connection.createChannel()){ 
                /*-----restaurant-----*/
                channel.exchangeDeclare(
                        "exchande.order.restaurant",
                        BuiltinExchangeType.DIRECT,
                        true,
                        false,
                        null
    
                );
                channel.queueDeclare(
                        "queue.order",
                        true,
                        false,
                        false,
                        null
                );
                channel.queueBind("queue.order",
                                    "exchande.order.restaurant",
                                    "key.order"
                        );
    
                /*-------deliveryman--------*/
                channel.exchangeDeclare(
                        "exchange.order.deliveryman",
                        BuiltinExchangeType.DIRECT,
                        true,
                        false,
                        null
                );
                channel.queueBind(
                        "queue.order",
                        "exchange.order.deliveryman",
                        "key.order"
                );
            }
        }
    }

# 下单并商家微服务发消息 #

package com.zcw.food.service.impl;
    
    import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
    import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
    import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
    import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
    import com.zcw.food.dto.OrderMessageDTO;
    import com.zcw.food.enummeration.OrderStatus;
    import com.zcw.food.mapper.OrderDetailMapper;
    import com.zcw.food.pojo.OrderDetail;
    import com.zcw.food.service.OrderService;
    import com.zcw.food.vo.OrderCreateVO;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.util.Date;
    import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
    
    /** * @ClassName : OrderServiceImpl * @Description : 处理用户关于订单的业务请求 * @Author : zhaocunwei * @Date: 2020-12-05 21:14 */
    @Service
    public class OrderServiceImpl implements OrderService { 
    
        @Autowired
        private OrderDetailMapper orderDetailMapper;
    
        ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
    
        @Override
        public void createOrder(OrderCreateVO orderCreateVO) throws IOException, TimeoutException { 
            OrderDetail orderDetail = new OrderDetail();
            orderDetail.setAddress(orderCreateVO.getAddress());
            orderDetail.setAccountId(orderCreateVO.getAccountId());
            orderDetail.setProductId(orderCreateVO.getProductId());
            OrderStatus orderCreating = OrderStatus.ORDER_CREATING;
            orderDetail.setStatus(orderCreating.toString());
            orderDetail.setDate(new Date());
            orderDetailMapper.insert(orderDetail);
    
            OrderMessageDTO orderMessageDTO = new OrderMessageDTO();
            orderMessageDTO.setOrderId(orderDetail.getId());
            orderMessageDTO.setProductId(orderDetail.getProductId());
            orderMessageDTO.setAccountId(orderDetail.getAccountId());
    
    
            ConnectionFactory connectionFactory  = new ConnectionFactory();
            connectionFactory.setHost("127.0.0.1");
    
    
            try(Connection connection = connectionFactory.newConnection();
            Channel channel = connection.createChannel()){ 
                String messageToSend = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(orderMessageDTO);
                channel.basicPublish(
                        "exchande.order.restaurant",
                        "key.restaurant",
                        null,
                        messageToSend.getBytes());
            }
        }
    }

# 收到消息更新订单状态 #

DeliverCallback deliverCallback = ((consumerTag, message) -> { 
            String messageBody = new String(message.getBody());
    
            ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory();
            connectionFactory.setHost("localhost");
    
            try { 
                收到消息更新订单状态
                //将消息体返序列化成DTO
                OrderMessageDTO orderMessageDTO = objectMapper.readValue(messageBody,
                        OrderMessageDTO.class);
                //数据库中读取订单pojo
                OrderDetail orderDetail =orderDetailMapper.selectOrder(orderMessageDTO.getOrderId());
                switch (orderDetail.getStatus()){ 
                    case ORDER_CREATING:
                        if(orderMessageDTO.getConfirmed() && null !=orderMessageDTO.getPrice()){ 
                            orderDetail.setStatus(RESTAURANT_CONFIRMED.toString());
                            orderDetail.setPrice(orderMessageDTO.getPrice());
                            orderDetailMapper.update(orderDetail);
    
                            try(Connection connection = connectionFactory.newConnection();
                            Channel channel = connection.createChannel()){ 
                                String messageToSend = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(orderMessageDTO);
                                channel.basicPublish(
                                        "exchange.order.deliveryman",
                                        "key.deliveryman",
                                        null,
                                        messageToSend.getBytes());
                            }
                        }else{ 
                            orderDetail.setStatus(FAILED.toString());
                            orderDetailMapper.update(orderDetail);
                        }
                        break;
                    case RESTAURANT_CONFIRMED:
                        break;
                    case DELIVERTMAN_CONFIRMED:
                        break;
                    case SETTLEMENT_CONFIRMED:
                        break;
                    case ORDER_CREATED:
                        break;
                    case FAILED:
                        break;
                }
            } catch (Exception e) { 
                log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
            }
    
        });

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzMyMzcwOTEz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12]

#  #

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzMyMzcwOTEz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20221120/ff1dda4851ee4b99a6d3141749ce61c4.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzMyMzcwOTEz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20221120/dc394e570f0f4bd08817ac89e12794da.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzMyMzcwOTEz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: /images/20221120/63113aba59f747d58e9e36bd60af42e1.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzMyMzcwOTEz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: /images/20221120/fe0928570a1b4fb3ab64bfff23399c72.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzMyMzcwOTEz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]: /images/20221120/682f3bd04b6842129b591fd35c2ccb0f.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzMyMzcwOTEz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]: /images/20221120/8f289007025f4faeb790a1358337570c.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzMyMzcwOTEz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]: /images/20221120/58edd145f6ba4ac9b78f9ec3e7eab5f4.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzMyMzcwOTEz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]: /images/20221120/67bcef0c12274979bb713ac26ebb1773.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzMyMzcwOTEz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8]: /images/20221120/e6488b21f41b4b14b4ae37fa6ec51d13.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzMyMzcwOTEz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9]: /images/20221120/8afe95d613f54f5893a5f5b0f8b6f21c.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzMyMzcwOTEz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10]: /images/20221120/f54faad25fa147b0bc166b9ce9a12212.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzMyMzcwOTEz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11]: /images/20221120/f65ea66cf7e04317a2bb1e79d0f3fcb0.png
[https_github.com_cunweizhao_springboot-rabbitMq-]: https://github.com/cunweizhao/springboot-rabbitMq-
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzMyMzcwOTEz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12]: /images/20221120/6b534bd25b4445a6af1f0125904089ea.png