PackageManager（管理应用程序包）解析

快来打我* 2023-01-04 14:51 233阅读 0赞

# **PackageManager：管理应用程序包** #

**功能：**

*  安装，卸载应用
 *  查询permission相关信息
 *  查询Application相关信息(application，activity，receiver，service，provider及相应属性等）
 *  查询已安装应用
 *  增加，删除permission
 *  清除用户数据、缓存，代码段等

**使用方法：**

在Android中，为应用包的安装，删除各种操作服务的，是PackageManagerSerivce，简称PMS.

如果想要调用PMS的服务，则可以通过Context去调用getPackageManager方法。

/** Return PackageManager instance to find global package information. */
    public abstract PackageManager getPackageManager();

这个定义于Context.java中：

![这里写图片描述][SouthEast]

--------------------

> #### **查询Application相关信息** ####

## **应用组件集合查询API** ##

#### **一、根据包名获取应用信息** ####

ApplicationInfo getApplicationInfo (String packageName,int flags)

参数：flags

*  \*\*GET\_SHARED\_LIBRARY\_FILES：\*\*获取so库的安装路径，然后可以通过ApplicationInfo的sharedLibraryFiles属性来读取相关信息。
 *  \*\*MATCH\_SYSTEM\_ONLY：\*\*只包括带有系统属性的
 *  \*\*MATCH\_UNINSTALLED\_PACKAGES：\*\*即使是应用被uninstall了，但只要保留了数据，也可以被搜出来。

#### **二、获取当前系统上安装的所有的应用程序** ####

List<ApplicationInfo> getInstalledApplications (int flags);

参数：flags

*  **GET\_META\_DATA：**
 *  \*\*GET\_SHARED\_LIBRARY\_FILES：\*\*获取so库的安装路径，然后可以通过ApplicationInfo的sharedLibraryFiles属性来读取相关信息。
 *  \*\*MATCH\_SYSTEM\_ONLY：\*\*只包括带有系统属性的
 *  \*\*MATCH\_UNINSTALLED\_PACKAGES：\*\*即使是应用被uninstall了，但只要保留了数据，也可以被搜出来。

#### **三、获取当前系统中安装的所有包** ####

List<PackageInfo> getInstalledPackages (int flags)

参数：flags  
\* PackageManager.GET\_ACTIVITIES  
\* PackageManager.GET\_CONFIGURATIONS  
\* PackageManager.GET\_GIDS  
\* PackageManager.GET\_INSTRUMENTATION  
\* PackageManager.GET\_INTENT\_FILTERS  
\* PackageManager.GET\_META\_DATA  
\* PackageManager.GET\_PERMISSIONS  
\* PackageManager.GET\_PROVIDERS  
\* PackageManager.GET\_RECEIVERS  
\* PackageManager.GET\_SERVICES  
\* PackageManager.GET\_SHARED\_LIBRARY\_FILES  
\* PackageManager.GET\_SIGNATURES  
\* PackageManager.GET\_URI\_PERMISSION\_PATTERN

#### **四、根据包名获取一个包的信息** ####

PackageInfo getPackageInfo (String packageName, int flags);

#### **五、从包文件中读取getPackageArchiveInfo** ####

public PackageInfo getPackageArchiveInfo(String archiveFilePath,  int flags)

#### **六、根据Activity的名称来获取ActivityInfo** ####

ActivityInfo getActivityInfo (ComponentName component, int flags)

ComponentName是个什么类呢？其实就是包名和类名的组合：

//Create a new component identifier.
    ComponentName(String pkg, String cls);

特别要注意，类名是要全路径名，不然会找不到的！

try { 
        final ActivityInfo ai = mPm.getActivityInfo(new ComponentName("com.android.htmlviewer","com.android.htmlviewer.HTMLViewerActivity"),
                                                    PackageManager.GET_META_DATA | PackageManager.MATCH_ALL);
        Log.d(TAG,"ActivityInfo:"+ai.toString());
        Log.d(TAG,"ActivityInfo,parentActivityName is:"+ai.parentActivityName);
    } catch (PackageManager.NameNotFoundException e) { 
        Log.e(TAG,"testGetActivityInfo error",e);
    }

参数：  
flags

#### **七、根据名字获取Instrumentation信息，这个信息在AndroidManifest.xml中的中定义** ####

InstrumentationInfo getInstrumentationInfo (ComponentName className, int flags);

#### **八、通过ComponentName获取ServiceInfo** ####

ServiceInfo getServiceInfo (ComponentName component, int flags);

#### **九、根据ComponentName获取ReceiverInfo** ####

有同学问了，既然可以查询ActivityInfo，ServiceInfo，ReceiverInfo，四大组件中都有三个了，那么为什么没有查询ProviderInfo的呢？  
getProviderInfo这个API直到Android 2.3时才有

ActivityInfo getReceiverInfo (ComponentName component, int flags);

#### **十、Android 2.3新增API - getProviderInfo** ####

ProviderInfo getProviderInfo (ComponentName component, int flags);

--------------------

## **Uid/Gid相关查询API** ##

#### **一、读取和包名相关的Group id** ####

ProviderInfo getProviderInfo (ComponentName component, int flags);

public void testGetPackageGids(){ 
        try { 
            int[] gids = mPm.getPackageGids("com.android.externalstorage");
            if(gids!=null){ 
                for(int gid:gids){ 
                    Log.d(TAG,"gid:"+gid);
                }
            }
        } catch (PackageManager.NameNotFoundException e) { 
            Log.e(TAG,"testGetPackageGids error",e);
        }
    }

输出

08-12 15:30:36.783 2329-2329/? D/TestPackageManager: gid:1023
    08-12 15:30:36.783 2329-2329/? D/TestPackageManager: gid:1012

#### **二、getPackagesForUid** ####

ProviderInfo getProviderInfo (ComponentName component, int flags);

public void testGetPackagesForUid(){ 
        String[] packagesForUid = mPm.getPackagesForUid(1000);
        if(packagesForUid!=null){ 
            for(String package1 : packagesForUid){ 
                Log.d(TAG, "Package name in 1000:"+package1);
            }
        }
    }

输出

08-12 16:42:38.730 4736-4736/? D/TestPackageManager: Package name in 1000:com.mediatek
    08-12 16:42:38.730 4736-4736/? D/TestPackageManager: Package name in 1000:com.mediatek.thermalmanager
    08-12 16:42:38.730 4736-4736/? D/TestPackageManager: Package name in 1000:com.mediatek.batterywarning
    08-12 16:42:38.730 4736-4736/? D/TestPackageManager: Package name in 1000:com.mediatek.connectivity
    08-12 16:42:38.730 4736-4736/? D/TestPackageManager: Package name in 1000:com.android.server.telecom
    08-12 16:42:38.730 4736-4736/? D/TestPackageManager: Package name in 1000:com.android.inputdevices
    08-12 16:42:38.730 4736-4736/? D/TestPackageManager: Package name in 1000:com.android.settings
    08-12 16:42:38.730 4736-4736/? D/TestPackageManager: Package name in 1000:android
    08-12 16:42:38.730 4736-4736/? D/TestPackageManager: Package name in 1000:com.mediatek.atci.service
    08-12 16:42:38.730 4736-4736/? D/TestPackageManager: Package name in 1000:com.android.providers.settings
    08-12 16:42:38.730 4736-4736/? D/TestPackageManager: Package name in 1000:com.android.vpndialogs
    08-12 16:42:38.730 4736-4736/? D/TestPackageManager: Package name in 1000:com.mediatek.ppl
    08-12 16:42:38.730 4736-4736/? D/TestPackageManager: Package name in 1000:com.android.location.fused
    08-12 16:42:38.730 4736-4736/? D/TestPackageManager: Package name in 1000:com.mediatek.nlpservice
    08-12 16:42:38.730 4736-4736/? D/TestPackageManager: Package name in 1000:com.mediatek.schpwronoff
    08-12 16:42:38.730 4736-4736/? D/TestPackageManager: Package name in 1000:com.android.keychain12345678910111213141516

#### **三、查询一个uid对应的名字** ####

String getNameForUid (int uid);

public void testGetNameForUid(){ 
        String name = mPm.getNameForUid(1000);
        Log.d(TAG,"Name for uid 1000 is:"+name);
    }

输出

08-13 16:55:05.207 8899-8899/? D/TestPackageManager: Name for uid 1000 is:android.uid.system:10001

--------------------

## **Uid/Gid相关查询API** ##

#### **一、查询系统中运行的ContentProvider** ####

List<ProviderInfo> queryContentProviders (String processName,int uid,int flags)

参数：

进程名：如果希望列出所有的，就为空  
uid：如果进程名不为空，需要指定uid  
标志位：match的属性

public void testQueryContentProviders() { 
        List<ProviderInfo> pis = mPm.queryContentProviders(null, 0, PackageManager.MATCH_ALL);
        if (pis != null) { 
            for (ProviderInfo pri : pis) { 
                Log.d(TAG, "Provider info:" + pri);
            }
        }
    }

输出

08-15 11:41:39.758 18259-18259/? D/TestPackageManager: Provider info:ContentProviderInfo{name=settings className=com.android.providers.settings.SettingsProvider}
    08-15 11:41:39.758 18259-18259/? D/TestPackageManager: Provider info:ContentProviderInfo{name=com.tencent.mm.plugin.ext.NearBy className=com.tencent.mm.plugin.ext.provider.ExtControlProviderNearBy}
    08-15 11:41:39.758 18259-18259/? D/TestPackageManager: Provider info:ContentProviderInfo{name=mwimsg className=com.android.providers.telephony.MwiProvider}123

#### **二、根据包名查询Instrumentation** ####

List<InstrumentationInfo> queryInstrumentation (String targetPackage,int flags);

参数：

包名：如果是所有的包，则给null  
标志：只支持GET\_META\_DATA这一个。

public void testQueryInstrumentation(){ 
        List<InstrumentationInfo> list = mPm.queryInstrumentation(null,PackageManager.GET_META_DATA);
        if(list!=null){ 
            for(InstrumentationInfo ii : list){ 
                Log.d(TAG,"Instrumentation info:"+ii.toString());
            }
        }
    }

--------------------

## **根据Intent查询相关组件的API** ##

#### **一、根据Intent查询可以处理这个Intent的所有BroadcastReceivers** ####

List<ResolveInfo> queryBroadcastReceivers (Intent intent,int flags);

#### **二、查询可以处理这个Intent的所有Activity** ####

List<ResolveInfo> queryIntentActivities (Intent intent,int flags);

参数：

Intent  
参数：MATCH\_ALL等

#### **三、queryIntentActivityOptions跟queryIntentActivities基本一样，支持更多的查询条件** ####

List<ResolveInfo> queryIntentActivityOptions (ComponentName caller, Intent[] specifics, Intent intent,int flags);

#### **四、查询可以处理这个Intent的所有Service** ####

List<ResolveInfo> queryIntentServices (Intent intent,int flags);

大家都知道，Android有四大组件：Activity, Service, BroadcastReceiver和ContentProvider。前面三个组件都可以通过Intent查询了，为什么没有queryIntentContentProviders呢？  
queryIntentContentProviders直到Android 4.4才增加进来。

#### **五、Android 4.4新增API: queryIntentContentProviders，查询可以处理这个Intent的所有ContentProvider们** ####

List<ResolveInfo> queryIntentContentProviders (Intent intent, int flags);

--------------------

## **根据Intent查询最佳应用组件API** ##

#### **一、resolveActivity:查找最适合些Intent的Activity** ####

ResolveInfo resolveActivity (Intent intent, int flags);

#### **二、resolveContentProvider:查找最适合些Intent的ContentProvider** ####

ResolveInfo resolveContentProvider (Intent intent, int flags);

#### **三、resolveService:查找最适合些Intent的服务** ####

ResolveInfo resolveService (Intent intent, int flags);

--------------------

上面3个API都是拿到了Intent再去判断它最适合的应用组件。那么，我们想要做逆运算，知道一个包了，如何去得到启动它的Intent呢？  
这个API直到Android 1.5(API 3)时才加入系统中：getLaunchIntentForPackage

#### **事、resolveService:查找最适合些Intent的服务** ####

Intent getLaunchIntentForPackage (String packageName);

例程：我们想获取微信的启动Intent:

public void testGetLaunchIntentForPackage() { 
        Intent intent = mPm.getLaunchIntentForPackage("com.tencent.mm");
        if (intent != null) { 
            Log.d(TAG, "Intent for Launch this is:" + intent.toString());
        }
    }

运行结果如下，原来启动微信的界面是com.tencent.mm.ui.LauncherUI。

08-15 14:23:59.909 18954-18954/? D/TestPackageManager: Intent for Launch this is:Intent { act=android.intent.action.MAIN cat=[android.intent.category.LAUNCHER] flg=x10000000 pkg=com.tencent.mm cmp=com.tencent.mm/.ui.LauncherUI }

--------------------

一个查询应用信息的例子

package com.bourne.android_common.PackageManagerDemo;
    
    import android.content.Intent;
    import android.content.pm.ActivityInfo;
    import android.content.pm.ApplicationInfo;
    import android.content.pm.InstrumentationInfo;
    import android.content.pm.PackageInfo;
    import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
    import android.content.pm.ProviderInfo;
    import android.content.pm.ResolveInfo;
    import android.os.Bundle;
    import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
    import android.util.Log;
    
    import com.bourne.android_common.R;
    import com.bourne.common_library.utils.Logout;
    
    import java.util.Collections;
    import java.util.List;
    
    public class PackagerManagerActivity extends AppCompatActivity { 
        // 所有应用程序
        public static final int FILTER_ALL_APP = 0;
        // 系统程序
        public static final int FILTER_SYSTEM_APP = 1;
        // 第三方应用程序
        public static final int FILTER_THIRD_APP = 2;
        // 安装在SDCard的应用程序
        public static final int FILTER_SDCARD_APP = 3;
    
        private PackageManager pm;
    
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { 
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_packager_manager);
    // Logout.e("获取所有程序信息");
    // getPackageInfo();
    // Logout.e("根据包名获取应用信息");
    // getAppInfoByPackageName("com.bourne.android_common");
    // Logout.e("获取所有程序的Activity");
    // getInstalledPackages();
            Logout.e("系统程序");
            filterApp(FILTER_SYSTEM_APP);
            Logout.e("第三方应用程序");
            filterApp(FILTER_THIRD_APP);
            Logout.e("安装在SDCard的应用程序");
            filterApp(FILTER_SDCARD_APP);
    
        }
    
        /** * 获取所有程序信息 * 通过PackageManager的queryIntentActivities方法， * 查询系统中所有满足ACTION_MAIN和CATEGORY_LAUNCHER的应用程序， * 获取他们的程序名、包名、入口类名。 */
        private void getPackageInfo() { 
            pm = this.getPackageManager();
            //action为ACTION_MAIN的
            Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_MAIN, null);
            intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_DEFAULT);
    
            List<ResolveInfo> list = pm.queryIntentActivities(intent, PackageManager.MATCH_DEFAULT_ONLY);
    
            //根据显示名称排序
            Collections.sort(list, new ResolveInfo.DisplayNameComparator(pm));
    
            for (ResolveInfo info : list) { 
                //应用名
                String appName = info.loadLabel(pm).toString();
                //包名
                String packageName = info.activityInfo.packageName;
                //入口类名
                String launchClassName = info.activityInfo.name;
                Logout.i("应用名:" + appName + "\n包名:" + packageName + "\n入口类名:" + launchClassName);
            }
        }
    
        /** * 筛选 * * @param type */
        private void filterApp(int type) { 
            pm = this.getPackageManager();
    
            //getInstalledApplications:获取当前系统上安装的所有的应用程序
            List<ApplicationInfo> list = pm.getInstalledApplications(PackageManager.GET_UNINSTALLED_PACKAGES);
    
            Collections.sort(list, new ApplicationInfo.DisplayNameComparator(pm));
    
            switch (type) { 
                case FILTER_ALL_APP:
                    for (ApplicationInfo info : list) { 
                        getAppInfo(info);
                    }
                    break;
                case FILTER_SYSTEM_APP:
                    for (ApplicationInfo info : list) { 
                        if ((info.flags & ApplicationInfo.FLAG_SYSTEM) != 0) { 
                            getAppInfo(info);
                        }
                    }
                    break;
                case FILTER_THIRD_APP:
                    for (ApplicationInfo info : list) { 
                        if ((info.flags & ApplicationInfo.FLAG_SYSTEM) <= 0) { 
                            getAppInfo(info);
                        }
                    }
                    break;
                case FILTER_SDCARD_APP:
                    for (ApplicationInfo info : list) { 
                        if (info.flags == ApplicationInfo.FLAG_SYSTEM) { 
                            getAppInfo(info);
                        }
                    }
                    break;
    
            }
        }
    
        /** * 获取应用信息 */
        private void getAppInfo(ApplicationInfo applicationInfo) { 
            // 应用名
            String appName = applicationInfo.loadLabel(pm).toString();
            // 包名
            String packageName = applicationInfo.packageName;
            //入口类名
            String launchClassName = applicationInfo.name;
            //进程名
            String processName = applicationInfo.processName;
    
            Logout.i("应用名:" + appName + "\n包名:" + packageName + "\n入口类名:" + launchClassName + "\n进程名:" + processName);
        }
    
        /** * 根据包名获取应用信息 */
        private void getAppInfoByPackageName(String packageName) { 
            pm = this.getPackageManager();
    
            ApplicationInfo ai = null;
            try { 
                ai = pm.getApplicationInfo(packageName,
                        PackageManager.GET_META_DATA | PackageManager.GET_SHARED_LIBRARY_FILES);
                // 应用名
                String appName = ai.loadLabel(pm).toString();
                //入口类名
                String launchClassName = ai.name;
                //进程名
                String processName = ai.processName;
                //描述
                String loadDescription = "" + ai.loadDescription(pm);
                //共享库
                String nativeLibraryDir = ai.nativeLibraryDir;
    
                Logout.i("应用名:" + appName + "\n入口类名:" + launchClassName + "\n进程名:" + processName + "\n描述:" + loadDescription + "\n共享库:" + nativeLibraryDir);
            } catch (PackageManager.NameNotFoundException e) { 
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    
        /** * 获取当前系统中安装的所有包 */
        public void getInstalledPackages() { 
            pm = this.getPackageManager();
            List<PackageInfo> piList = pm.getInstalledPackages(PackageManager.GET_ACTIVITIES |
                    PackageManager.GET_CONFIGURATIONS |
                    PackageManager.GET_GIDS |
                    PackageManager.GET_INSTRUMENTATION |
                    PackageManager.GET_INTENT_FILTERS |
                    PackageManager.GET_META_DATA |
                    PackageManager.GET_PERMISSIONS |
                    PackageManager.GET_PROVIDERS |
                    PackageManager.GET_RECEIVERS |
                    PackageManager.GET_SERVICES |
                    PackageManager.GET_SHARED_LIBRARY_FILES |
                    PackageManager.GET_SIGNATURES |
                    PackageManager.GET_URI_PERMISSION_PATTERNS);
            if (piList != null) { 
                for (PackageInfo pi : piList) { 
                    Logout.i("包信息:" + pi.toString());
                    Logout.i("包名:" + pi.packageName);
                    Logout.i("包共享user id" + pi.sharedUserId);
                    final ActivityInfo[] ais = pi.activities;
                    if (ais != null) { 
                        for (ActivityInfo ai : ais) { 
                            Logout.i("Activity:{" + pi.packageName + "}:" + ai.name);
                        }
                    }
    
                    final InstrumentationInfo[] iis = pi.instrumentation;
                    if (iis != null) { 
                        for (InstrumentationInfo is : iis) { 
                            Logout.i("Instrumentation信息" + is.toString());
                        }
                    }
    
                    final ProviderInfo[] pis = pi.providers;
                    if (pis != null) { 
                        for (ProviderInfo pri : pis) { 
                            Logout.i("Provider信息:" + pri);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

系统应用信息：  
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 1]

第三方应用信息  
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 2]

获取所有的activity  
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 3]

--------------------

### 参考文章 ###

*  Android应用生死轮回的那些事儿(4) - 武器库（2）-应用组件查询相关
 *  [Android应用生死轮回的那些事儿(2) - PackageManager][Android_2_ - PackageManager]
 *  [几个Info系列的种的总结][Info]
 *  [Android随笔之——PackageManager详解][Android_PackageManager]
 *  [Android中获取应用程序(包)的信息—–PackageManager的使用(一)][Android_PackageManager 1]
 *  [Android获取应用程序信息——PackageManager的基本使用][Android_PackageManager 2]

[SouthEast]: /images/20221119/f62471e1338d42e88acc2ca7363e1f52.png
[SouthEast 1]: /images/20221119/038596bbcfbb42eb8aeb3c814139040c.png
[SouthEast 2]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20170313215754385?aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvaXJvbWtvZWFy/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70/gravity/SouthEast
[SouthEast 3]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20170313220110200?aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvaXJvbWtvZWFy/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70/gravity/SouthEast
[Android_2_ - PackageManager]: http://www.jianshu.com/p/74536e094a51
[Info]: http://www.ylzx8.cn/yidongkaifa/mobile/853566.html
[Android_PackageManager]: http://www.2cto.com/kf/201408/328297.html
[Android_PackageManager 1]: http://blog.csdn.net/qinjuning/article/details/6867806
[Android_PackageManager 2]: http://blog.csdn.net/mr_dsw/article/details/51340254