java利用httpclient通过get、post方式调用https接口

浅浅的花香味﹌ 2023-01-05 03:57 107阅读 0赞

通过httpclient的get post方式调用http很常见。一般都是

HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();  
    HttpPost post = new HttpPost("http://127.0.0.1/login");

但是如果要调用https这个方式就不行了。就要修改DefaultHttpClient

<dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
        <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
        <version>4.5.5</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
        <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.47</version>
    </dependency>

先导入包

然后重写DefaultHttpClient的类

import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
    import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
    import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
    import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
    import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;
    import org.apache.http.conn.ClientConnectionManager;
    import org.apache.http.conn.scheme.Scheme;
    import org.apache.http.conn.scheme.SchemeRegistry;
    import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
    import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
    
    public class SSLClient extends DefaultHttpClient { 
        public SSLClient() throws Exception{ 
            super();
            SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
            X509TrustManager tm = new X509TrustManager() { 
                    @Override
                    public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain,
                            String authType) throws CertificateException { 
                    }
                    @Override
                    public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain,
                            String authType) throws CertificateException { 
                    }
                    @Override
                    public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() { 
                        return null;
                    }
            };
            ctx.init(null, new TrustManager[]{ tm}, null);
            SSLSocketFactory ssf = new SSLSocketFactory(ctx,SSLSocketFactory.ALLOW_ALL_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);
            ClientConnectionManager ccm = this.getConnectionManager();
            SchemeRegistry sr = ccm.getSchemeRegistry();
            sr.register(new Scheme("https", 443, ssf));
        }
    }

这时候就可以使用https方式调用了

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
    import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
    import org.apache.http.StatusLine;
    import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
    import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
    import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
    import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
    import org.apache.http.message.BasicHeader;
    import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
    
    public class HttpClientUtil { 
    
        public static String doGet(String url,String charset) throws Exception{ 
            HttpClient httpClient = null;
            HttpGet Httpget = null;
            String result = null;
    
                httpClient = new SSLClient();
                Httpget = new HttpGet(url);
                Httpget.addHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");
                HttpGet.setEntity(se);
                HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(Httpget);
                if(response != null){ 
                    HttpEntity resEntity = response.getEntity();
                    if(resEntity != null){ 
                        result = EntityUtils.toString(resEntity,charset);
                    }
                }
    
            return result;
        }
        public static String doPost(String url,String json,String charset) throws Exception{ 
            HttpClient httpClient = null;
            HttpPost HttpPost = null;
            String result = null;
    
                httpClient = new SSLClient();
                HttpPost = new HttpPost(url);
                HttpPost.addHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");
                StringEntity se = new StringEntity(json);
                se.setContentType("text/json");
                se.setContentEncoding(new BasicHeader("Content-Type", "application/json"));
                HttpPost.setEntity(se);
                HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(HttpPost);
                if(response != null){ 
                    HttpEntity resEntity = response.getEntity();
                    if(resEntity != null){ 
                        result = EntityUtils.toString(resEntity,charset);
                    }
                }
    
            return result;
        }	
    }

post调用代码

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{  
            String url = "https://127.0.0.1/getuser";
            String json = "{\"id\":1}";
            String str = HttpClientUtil.doPost(url, json, "utf-8");
            System.out.println(str);
        }

get调用代码

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{  
            String url = "https://127.0.0.1/getuser?id=1";
            String str = HttpClientUtil.doPost(url, "utf-8");
            System.out.println(str);
        }

**StringEntity参数说明**  
se.setContentEncoding(new BasicHeader(“Content-Type”, “application/json”));  
使用的是json模式 所以传的格式是json

application/xhtml+xml ：XHTML格式  
application/xml ： XML数据格式  
application/atom+xml ：Atom XML聚合格式  
application/json ： JSON数据格式  
application/pdf ：pdf格式  
application/msword ： Word文档格式  
application/octet-stream ： 二进制流数据（如常见的文件下载）  
application/x-www-form-urlencoded ： 中默认的encType，form表单数据被编码为key/value格式发送到服务器（表单默认的提交数据的格式）

HttpPost.addHeader("Content-Type", " application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
    List<NameValuePair> params=new ArrayList<>();
    params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("key1","value1"));
    params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("key2","value2"));
    params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("key3","value3"));
    UrlEncodedFormEntity  entity=new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params,"UTF-8");
    HttpPost.setEntity(entity);

如果要采用表单提交方式就需要修改成上面所描述的方式。