Python常用模块9-Python的json模块简介

深碍√TFBOYSˉ_ 2023-01-13 01:56 116阅读 0赞

### 文章目录 ###

*  一.Python3的json模块介绍
 *  二.Python json模块实例
 *   *  2.1 json与字典格式相互转换
     *  2.2 将json数据落地到实体表
 *  参考:

# 一.Python3的json模块介绍 #

在数据处理的过程中，经常遇到json格式的，那么python里面是如何处理json格式的数据呢?  
这里就要提到python的json模块了。

json.dumps()和json.loads()是json格式处理函数（可以这么理解，json是字符串）

1.  json.dumps()函数是将一个Python数据类型列表进行json格式的编码（可以这么理解，json.dumps()函数是将字典转化为字符串）
2.  json.loads()函数是将json格式数据转换为字典（可以这么理解，json.loads()函数是将字符串转化为字典）

![image.png][]

![image.png][image.png 1]

# 二.Python json模块实例 #

## 2.1 json与字典格式相互转换 ##

代码:

import json
    
    dict1 = { 'age':16} #这是一个字典
    print("原来的类型:",type(dict1))
    
    str_json = json.dumps(dict1) #将字典转换为json（字符串）
    print("经过json.dumps()转换后类型变为：",type(str_json))
    
    dict2 = json.loads(str_json) #将json（字符串）转换为字典
    print("经过json.loads()转换后类型变为：",type(dict2))

测试记录:

E:\python\learn_python1\venv\Scripts\python.exe E:/python/learn_python1/json_test3.py
    原来的类型: <class 'dict'>
    经过json.dumps()转换后类型变为： <class 'str'>
    经过json.loads()转换后类型变为： <class 'dict'>
    
    Process finished with exit code 0

## 2.2 将json数据落地到实体表 ##

现在需要将json数据落地到实体的表

mysql端建表语句

create table prod_main(id int,name varchar(100));
    create table prod_sub1(id int,name varchar(100),prod_main_id int);
    create table prod_sub2(id int,name varchar(100),prod_sub1_id int);

python代码:

import pymysql, datetime
    import json
    
    json_data = [
        { 
            "id": 1,
            "name": "男士",
            "productTypeDtos": [
                { 
                    "id": 23,
                    "name": "上装",
                    "productTypeDtos": [
                        { 
                            "id": 33,
                            "name": "毛衣"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 34,
                            "name": "T恤"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 35,
                            "name": "衬衫"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 36,
                            "name": "卫衣"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 37,
                            "name": "背心"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 38,
                            "name": "针织衫"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 39,
                            "name": "POLO衫"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                { 
                    "id": 24,
                    "name": "裤装",
                    "productTypeDtos": [
                        { 
                            "id": 40,
                            "name": "背带裤"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 41,
                            "name": "休闲裤"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 42,
                            "name": "短裤"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 43,
                            "name": "运动裤"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 44,
                            "name": "哈伦裤"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 45,
                            "name": "九分裤"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 46,
                            "name": "七分裤"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 47,
                            "name": "西裤"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 48,
                            "name": "牛仔裤"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                { 
                    "id": 25,
                    "name": "外套",
                    "productTypeDtos": [
                        { 
                            "id": 49,
                            "name": "皮衣"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 50,
                            "name": "风衣"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 51,
                            "name": "夹克"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 52,
                            "name": "便西"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 53,
                            "name": "马甲"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 54,
                            "name": "大衣"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 55,
                            "name": "羽绒服"
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ]
        },
        { 
            "id": 2,
            "name": "女士",
            "productTypeDtos": [
                { 
                    "id": 26,
                    "name": "上装",
                    "productTypeDtos": [
                        { 
                            "id": 56,
                            "name": "T恤"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 57,
                            "name": "衬衫"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 58,
                            "name": "上衣"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 59,
                            "name": "卫衣"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 60,
                            "name": "雪纺衫"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 61,
                            "name": "针织衫"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 62,
                            "name": "背心"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                { 
                    "id": 27,
                    "name": "裤装",
                    "productTypeDtos": [
                        { 
                            "id": 63,
                            "name": "打底裤"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 64,
                            "name": "休闲裤"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 65,
                            "name": "牛仔裤"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 66,
                            "name": "短裤"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 67,
                            "name": "连体裤"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 68,
                            "name": "七分裤"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 69,
                            "name": "九分裤"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 70,
                            "name": "哈伦裤"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                { 
                    "id": 29,
                    "name": "裙装",
                    "productTypeDtos": [
                        { 
                            "id": 71,
                            "name": "连衣裙"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 72,
                            "name": "半身裙"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 73,
                            "name": "套裙"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 74,
                            "name": "迷你短裙"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 75,
                            "name": "礼服"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                { 
                    "id": 28,
                    "name": "外套",
                    "productTypeDtos": [
                        { 
                            "id": 76,
                            "name": "风衣"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 77,
                            "name": "便西"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 78,
                            "name": "夹克"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 79,
                            "name": "马甲"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 80,
                            "name": "斗篷"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 81,
                            "name": "大衣"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 82,
                            "name": "羽绒服"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 83,
                            "name": "皮草"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                { 
                    "id": 30,
                    "name": "内衣",
                    "productTypeDtos": [
                        { 
                            "id": 84,
                            "name": "内衣"
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ]
        },
        { 
            "id": 3,
            "name": "童装",
            "productTypeDtos": [
                { 
                    "id": 31,
                    "name": "男童",
                    "productTypeDtos": [
                        { 
                            "id": 85,
                            "name": "T恤"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 86,
                            "name": "外套"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 87,
                            "name": "卫衣"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 88,
                            "name": "衬衫"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 89,
                            "name": "裤子"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                { 
                    "id": 32,
                    "name": "女童",
                    "productTypeDtos": [
                        { 
                            "id": 90,
                            "name": "连衣裙"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 91,
                            "name": "T恤"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 92,
                            "name": "卫衣"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 93,
                            "name": "背心"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 94,
                            "name": "礼服"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 95,
                            "name": "雪纺衫"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 96,
                            "name": "衬衫"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 97,
                            "name": "裤子"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 98,
                            "name": "半身裙"
                        },
                        { 
                            "id": 99,
                            "name": "外套"
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ]
        }
    ]
    
    sql1 = "insert into prod_main(id ,name) values ('%s', '%s')"
    sql2 = "insert into prod_sub1(id ,name ,prod_main_id) values ('%s', '%s', '%s')"
    sql3 = "insert into prod_sub2(id ,name , prod_sub1_id) values ('%s', '%s', '%s')"
    
    conn = pymysql.connect(host='localhost', port=3306, user='root', passwd='abc123',db='zqs')
    cursor = conn.cursor()
    
    for i1 in json_data:
        #print(i)
        #print(i1['id'])
        #print(i1['name'])
    
        cursor.execute(sql1 % (i1['id'],i1['name']))
    
        for i2 in i1['productTypeDtos']:
            #print(i2['id'])
            #print(i2['name'])
    
            cursor.execute(sql2 % (i2['id'], i2['name'],i1['id']) )
    
            for i3 in i2['productTypeDtos']:
                #print(i3['id'])
                #print(i3['name'])
    
                cursor.execute(sql3 % (i3['id'], i3['name'], i2['id']) )
    
    
    conn.commit()
    
    # 关闭连接
    cursor.close()
    conn.close()

**Python解析json落地成mysql表简直不要太方便**  
mysql表查看数据:

mysql> select * from prod_main;
    +------+--------+
    | id   | name   |
    +------+--------+
    |    1 | 男士   |
    |    2 | 女士   |
    |    3 | 童装   |
    +------+--------+
    3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
    
    mysql> select * from prod_sub1;
    +------+--------+--------------+
    | id   | name   | prod_main_id |
    +------+--------+--------------+
    |   23 | 上装   |            1 |
    |   24 | 裤装   |            1 |
    |   25 | 外套   |            1 |
    |   26 | 上装   |            2 |
    |   27 | 裤装   |            2 |
    |   29 | 裙装   |            2 |
    |   28 | 外套   |            2 |
    |   30 | 内衣   |            2 |
    |   31 | 男童   |            3 |
    |   32 | 女童   |            3 |
    +------+--------+--------------+
    10 rows in set (0.00 sec)
    
    mysql> select * from prod_sub2 limit 20;
    +------+-----------+--------------+
    | id   | name      | prod_sub1_id |
    +------+-----------+--------------+
    |   33 | 毛衣      |           23 |
    |   34 | T恤       |           23 |
    |   35 | 衬衫      |           23 |
    |   36 | 卫衣      |           23 |
    |   37 | 背心      |           23 |
    |   38 | 针织衫    |           23 |
    |   39 | POLO衫    |           23 |
    |   40 | 背带裤    |           24 |
    |   41 | 休闲裤    |           24 |
    |   42 | 短裤      |           24 |
    |   43 | 运动裤    |           24 |
    |   44 | 哈伦裤    |           24 |
    |   45 | 九分裤    |           24 |
    |   46 | 七分裤    |           24 |
    |   47 | 西裤      |           24 |
    |   48 | 牛仔裤    |           24 |
    |   49 | 皮衣      |           25 |
    |   50 | 风衣      |           25 |
    |   51 | 夹克      |           25 |
    |   52 | 便西      |           25 |
    +------+-----------+--------------+
    20 rows in set (0.00 sec)
    
    mysql>

# 参考: #

1.https://docs.python.org/zh-cn/3.6/library/json.html  
2.https://www.jianshu.com/p/1ad6d267d177  
3.https://www.cnblogs.com/jeavy/p/9503553.html  
4.https://blog.csdn.net/qq\_35889665/article/details/94565884

[image.png]: /images/20221022/a1a0addbf8814a8b85ef213c8718733e.png
[image.png 1]: /images/20221022/45b0be3661ad4ab69e0491e39447a135.png