OpenStack Victoria版——1.控制节点-环境配置与基础安装环境配置

￡神魔★判官ぃ 2023-01-17 06:26 161阅读 0赞

1.控制节点-环境配置与基础安装环境配置

> 更多步骤：[OpenStack Victoria版安装部署系列教程][OpenStack Victoria]

> **OpenStack部署系列文章**  
> [OpenStack Victoria版 安装部署系列教程][OpenStack Victoria]  
> [OpenStack Ussuri版 离线安装部署系列教程（全）][OpenStack Ussuri_]  
> [OpenStack Train版 离线安装部署系列教程（全）][OpenStack Train_]  
> 欢迎留言沟通，共同进步。

--------------------

### 文章目录 ###

*  环境配置
 *   *  1.更换为国内yum源
     *  2.SSH登录配置
     *  3.主机基础网络配置
     *   *  （1）更换网络服务
         *  （2）静态IP配置
         *  （3）网关配置
         *  （4）hostname主机名配置
     *  4.免密登录
     *  5.禁用防火墙，关闭selinux
 *  系统基础软件工具安装与配置
 *   *  1.基础
     *  2.NTP时间同步
 *  OpenStack基础软件安装
 *   *  1.安装OpenStack存储仓库
     *  2.OpenStack客户端相关软件
     *  3.基础服务：数据库SQL database
     *  4.基础服务：消息队列Message queue
     *  5.基础服务：Memcached缓存
     *  6.基础服务：Etcd集群
 *  完成控制节点环境准备

# 环境配置 #

## 1.更换为国内yum源 ##

下载阿里云源文件

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-8.repo

替换阿里云镜像地址

sed -i -e '/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/d' -e '/mirrors.aliyuncs.com/d' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

建立缓存

yum makecache

## 2.SSH登录配置 ##

安装openssh和openssh-server

dnf -y install openssh
    dnf -y install openssh-server
    
    systemctl enable sshd
    systemctl start sshd
    systemctl status sshd
    q
    netstat -lntp

卸载openssh和openssh-server

dnf -y remove openssh
    dnf -y remove openssh-server

配置允许root通过 SSH 登录，如果**禁止root远程登录**，那就设置为 ***no*** ：

vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config

PermitRootLogin yes

Esc，wq保存，重启ssh服务。

systemctl enable sshd
    systemctl start sshd
    systemctl status sshd

免密登录

## 3.主机基础网络配置 ##

### （1）更换网络服务 ###

在安装部署OpenStack时，OpenStack的网络服务会与NetworkManager服务产生冲突，二者无法一起正常工作，需要使用Network。

安装Network服务

dnf install network-scripts -y

停用NetworkManager并禁止开机自启

systemctl stop NetworkManager && systemctl disable NetworkManager

启用 Network并设置开机自启

systemctl start network
    systemctl enable network
    systemctl status network

### （2）静态IP配置 ###

*  管理网络网卡ens33

备份ifcfg-ens33文件

cp /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33.bak

修改确认以下内容

# 设为静态
    BOOTPROTO=static
    # 设为开机自动连接
    ONBOOT=yes
    
    # 添加IP、子网掩码、网关、DNS等
    # add follow
    BOOTPROTO="static"
    IPADDR="10.0.0.11"
    NETMASK="255.255.255.0"
    GATEWAY="10.0.0.2"
    DNS1="1.1.1.1"

vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33

确保注释

#BOOTPROTO=dhcp
    ...
    #IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy

# add follow
    BOOTPROTO="static"
    IPADDR="10.0.0.11"
    NETMASK="255.255.255.0"
    GATEWAY="10.0.0.2"
    DNS1="1.1.1.1"

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTM0Njk3NTM_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center]

ens33例子如下

[root@controller ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
    ifcfg-ens33      ifcfg-ens33.bak  
    [root@controller ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
    TYPE=Ethernet
    PROXY_METHOD=none
    BROWSER_ONLY=no
    #BOOTPROTO=dhcp
    DEFROUTE=yes
    IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
    IPV6INIT=yes
    IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
    IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
    IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
    #IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
    NAME=ens33
    UUID=66e5a322-41bd-462d-bb10-b080ab3b3d44
    DEVICE=ens33
    ONBOOT=yes
    
    # add follow
    BOOTPROTO="static"
    IPADDR="10.0.0.11"
    NETMASK="255.255.255.0"
    GATEWAY="10.0.0.2"
    DNS1="1.1.1.1"
    [root@controller ~]#

*  供应商网络网卡ens34

备份ifcfg-ens34文件

cp /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens34 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens34.bak

修改确认以下内容

# 设为静态
    BOOTPROTO=static
    # 设为开机自动连接
    ONBOOT=yes
    
    # 添加IP、子网掩码、网关、DNS等
    # add follow
    BOOTPROTO="static"
    IPADDR="192.168.2.11"
    NETMASK="255.255.255.0"
    #GATEWAY="192.168.2.1"
    DNS1="1.1.1.1"

vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens34

确保注释

#BOOTPROTO=dhcp
    ...
    #IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy

# add follow
    BOOTPROTO="static"
    IPADDR="192.168.2.11"
    NETMASK="255.255.255.0"
    #GATEWAY="192.168.2.1"
    DNS1="1.1.1.1"

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTM0Njk3NTM_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 1]

ens34例子如下

[root@controller ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens34
    TYPE=Ethernet
    PROXY_METHOD=none
    BROWSER_ONLY=no
    #BOOTPROTO=dhcp
    DEFROUTE=yes
    IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
    IPV6INIT=yes
    IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
    IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
    IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
    #IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
    NAME=ens34
    UUID=f9f07eb6-dbf0-4e8d-aee0-d3e94bfae78a
    DEVICE=ens34
    ONBOOT=yes
    
    # add follow
    BOOTPROTO="static"
    IPADDR="192.168.2.11"
    NETMASK="255.255.255.0"
    #GATEWAY="192.168.2.1"
    DNS1="1.1.1.1"
    [root@controller ~]#

重启Network网络服务

systemctl restart network

### （3）网关配置 ###

此处也可以将网关配置为供应商的网络，同时注意在上面的2张网卡配置中只保留一个网关，注释其他网卡的网关。

cp /etc/networks /etc/networks.bak

vim /etc/networks

#add follow
    NETWORKING=yes
    GATEWAY=10.0.0.2

例子如下

[root@controller ~]# cat /etc/networks
    default 0.0.0.0
    loopback 127.0.0.0
    link-local 169.254.0.0
    
    #add follow
    NETWORKING=yes
    GATEWAY=10.0.0.2
    [root@controller ~]#

### （4）hostname主机名配置 ###

*  控制节点

hostnamectl set-hostname controller
    exec bash

echo 10.0.0.11 controller >> /etc/hosts
    echo 10.0.0.31 compute1 >> /etc/hosts
    echo 10.0.0.32 compute2 >> /etc/hosts

配置后可通过命令`scp -rp /etc/hosts 10.0.0.31:/etc/hosts`直接覆盖另一节点hosts文件。

*  计算节点1

hostnamectl set-hostname compute1
    exec bash

echo 10.0.0.11 controller >> /etc/hosts
    echo 10.0.0.31 compute1 >> /etc/hosts
    echo 10.0.0.32 compute2 >> /etc/hosts

*  计算节点2

hostnamectl set-hostname compute2
    exec bash

echo 10.0.0.11 controller >> /etc/hosts
    echo 10.0.0.31 compute1 >> /etc/hosts
    echo 10.0.0.32 compute2 >> /etc/hosts

验证联通性

ping -c 4 controller
    ping -c 4 compute1
    ping -c 4 compute2
    ping -c 4 qq.com

## 4.免密登录 ##

控制节点执行

ssh-keygen -t rsa

ssh-copy-id controller

ssh controller

如果有计算节点，则在**控制节点**继续下面命令，即可各个节点之间相互免密登陆。

ssh-copy-id compute1

scp -r .ssh compute1:~/

ssh-copy-id compute2

scp -r .ssh compute2:~/

## 5.禁用防火墙，关闭selinux ##

（1）禁用防火墙

systemctl stop firewalld.service
    systemctl disable firewalld.service
    systemctl status firewalld.service

（2）关闭selinux

[CentOS 8 禁用 SELinux 教程][CentOS 8 _ SELinux]，在开始在CentOS 8上禁用SELinux之前，请务必先检查SELinux的状态。

sestatus

要暂时禁用SELinux，请运行[命令][Link 1]。

setenforce 0

另外，您可以运行命令。

setenforce Permissive

这些命令中的任何一个都将暂时禁用SELinux，直到下次重启为止。  
**在CentOS 8上永久禁用SELinux**

sed -i 's#SELINUX=enforcing#SELINUX=disabled#g' /etc/selinux/config

CentOS7则为：

sed -i 's#SELINUX=enforcing#SELINUX=disabled#g' /etc/sysconfig/selinux

然后使用命令重新启动CentOS 8

reboot

再次查看selinux状态

sestatus

# 系统基础软件工具安装与配置 #

## 1.基础 ##

yum install net-tools lsof wget git vim bash-completion lrzsz unzip zip -y
    dnf install openssh openssh-server vim git wget net-tools bash-completion -y
    dnf install crudini -y

注：`crudini`方便完成快速配置文件参数的修改，`crudini`手动安装，全平台`crudini`[下载地址][Link 2]，Centos8版[下载地址][Link 3]

wget https://download-ib01.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/8/Everything/x86_64/Packages/c/crudini-0.9.3-1.el8.noarch.rpm
    
    rpm -Uvh crudini*rpm

wget https://download-ib01.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/8/Everything/x86_64/Packages/c/crudini-0.9.3-1.el8.noarch.rpm
    #Install epel-release rpm:
    rpm -Uvh crudini*rpm
    #or
    #Install crudini rpm package:
    dnf install crudini

## 2.NTP时间同步 ##

rpm -qa |grep chrony
    dnf install chrony -y

若已安装则编辑chrony配置文件修改以下两块信息

控制节点

vim /etc/chrony.conf

# Please consider joining the pool (http://www.pool.ntp.org/join.html).
    server ntp1.aliyun.com iburst
    server ntp2.aliyun.com iburst
    # Allow NTP client access from local network.
    allow 10.0.0.0/24

例子

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTM0Njk3NTM_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 2]

注意：在计算节点仅修改一块信息，修改为`server controller iburst`，直接与控制节点同步。

计算节点

vim /etc/chrony.conf

# Please consider joining the pool (http://www.pool.ntp.org/join.html).
    #pool 2.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst
    
    server controller iburst

![在这里插入图片描述][20210427121148483.png_pic_center]

![在这里插入图片描述][20210427121211429.png_pic_center]

systemctl restart chronyd.service
    systemctl status chronyd.service
    systemctl enable chronyd.service
    systemctl list-unit-files |grep chronyd.service

timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai
    chronyc sources
    timedatectl status

# OpenStack基础软件安装 #

## 1.安装OpenStack存储仓库 ##

On CentOS, the extras repository provides the RPM that enables the OpenStack repository. CentOS includes the extras repository by default, so you can simply install the package to enable the OpenStack repository. For CentOS8, you will also need to enable the PowerTools repository.

dnf config-manager --enable powertools
    dnf install centos-release-openstack-victoria -y
    yum clean all
    yum makecache
    yum repolist

## 2.OpenStack客户端相关软件 ##

dnf install python3-openstackclient openstack-selinux -y

## 3.基础服务：数据库SQL database ##

安装Mariadb数据库，也可安装MySQL数据库

yum install -y mariadb mariadb-server python3-PyMySQL

创建和编辑文件，添加如下信息

touch /etc/my.cnf.d/openstack.cnf
    vim   /etc/my.cnf.d/openstack.cnf

文件内容如下

[mysqld]
    bind-address = 10.0.0.11
    
    default-storage-engine = innodb
    innodb_file_per_table = on
    max_connections = 4096
    collation-server = utf8_general_ci
    character-set-server = utf8

![在这里插入图片描述][20210427121243565.png_pic_center]

启动数据库并设置为开机自启

systemctl enable mariadb.service
    systemctl start mariadb.service
    systemctl status mariadb.service
    systemctl list-unit-files |grep mariadb.service

保护数据库服务

/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation

测试环境中，设置密码为`root`,

注意：生产环境可以使用`pwgen`工具生成数据库密码

openssl rand -hex 10

# 输入命令后，第一次按回车，Y，设置密码，然后输入root账户，设置密码为root，然后一路y回车，直至安装成功。
    # 输入当前用户root密码，若为空直接回车
    Enter current password for root (enter for none):
    OK, successfully used password, moving on...
    # 是否设置root密码
    Set root password? [Y/n] y
    # 输入新密码
    New password:
    # 再次输入新密码
    Re-enter new password:
    # 是否删除匿名用户
    Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y
    # 是否禁用远程登录
    Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] n
    # 是否删除数据库并访问它
    Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y
    # 是否重新加载权限表
    Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y
    
    # 以上步骤根据实际情况做配置即可，不一定要与此处保持一致

systemctl restart mariadb.service
    systemctl status mariadb.service

测试数据库，相关的数据库在需要时单独创建

mysql -uroot -proot

flush privileges;
    show databases;
    select user,host from mysql.user;
    exit

## 4.基础服务：消息队列Message queue ##

安装软件包

dnf install rabbitmq-server -y

启动消息队列服务并设置为开机自启

systemctl enable rabbitmq-server.service
    systemctl start rabbitmq-server.service
    systemctl status rabbitmq-server.service

添加`openstack`用户并设置密码为`111111`

rabbitmqctl add_user openstack 111111

给openstack用户可读可写可配置权限

rabbitmqctl set_permissions openstack ".*" ".*" ".*"
    rabbitmqctl list_users 
    rabbitmq-plugins list

为了方便监控，启用Web界面管理插件

rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management
    rabbitmq-plugins list
    netstat -lntup
    lsof -i:15672

安装成功后通过命令`netstat -lntup`查看多了一个15672的服务端口，通过浏览器访问可以成功登录RabbitMQ，默认管理员账号`guest`密码`guest`，登录成功页面如下图

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTM0Njk3NTM_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 3]

## 5.基础服务：Memcached缓存 ##

身份服务验证机制使用Memcached来缓存令牌。Memcached服务通常在控制节点上运行。

安装软件包  
**For CentOS 8 and RHEL 8**

dnf install memcached python3-memcached -y

编辑`vim /etc/sysconfig/memcached`文件，将OPTTONS行修改成如下信息

OPTIONS="-l 127.0.0.1,::1,controller"

cp /etc/sysconfig/memcached /etc/sysconfig/memcached.bak
    cat /etc/sysconfig/memcached 
    sed -i 's|127.0.0.1,::1|127.0.0.1,::1,controller|g' /etc/sysconfig/memcached 
    cat /etc/sysconfig/memcached

启动Memcached服务并设置开机自启

systemctl restart memcached.service
    systemctl status memcached.service
    netstat -anptl|grep memcached
    
    systemctl enable memcached.service
    systemctl list-unit-files |grep memcached.service

## 6.基础服务：Etcd集群 ##

安装软件包

dnf install etcd -y

编辑`vim /etc/etcd/etcd.conf`文件,修改如下信息

cp /etc/etcd/etcd.conf /etc/etcd/etcd.conf.bak
    vim /etc/etcd/etcd.conf

[root@controller ~]# cat /etc/etcd/etcd.conf
    #[Member]
    ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
    ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="http://10.0.0.11:2380"
    ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="http://10.0.0.11:2379"
    ETCD_NAME="controller"
    #[Clustering]
    ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="http://10.0.0.11:2380"
    ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="http://10.0.0.11:2379"
    ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="controller=http://10.0.0.11:2380"
    ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster-01"
    ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTM0Njk3NTM_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 4]

启动Etcd服务并设置开机自启

systemctl restart etcd.service
    systemctl status etcd.service
    netstat -anptl|grep etcd
    
    systemctl enable etcd.service
    systemctl list-unit-files |grep etcd.service

# 完成控制节点环境准备 #

关闭控制节点虚拟机，现在可以关机做快照，然后打开虚拟机。

poweroff

[OpenStack Victoria]: https://blog.csdn.net/u013469753/article/details/116122782
[OpenStack Ussuri_]: https://blog.csdn.net/u013469753/article/details/106549085
[OpenStack Train_]: https://blog.csdn.net/u013469753/article/details/106549917
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTM0Njk3NTM_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center]: /images/20221021/842ba18ac6ec489f8318a19cedfbd429.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTM0Njk3NTM_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 1]: /images/20221021/a6ddc60c802b47afad24513f711ae1ce.png
[CentOS 8 _ SELinux]: https://www.linuxprobe.com/centos-8-selinux.html
[Link 1]: https://www.linuxcool.com/
[Link 2]: https://pkgs.org/download/crudini
[Link 3]: https://centos.pkgs.org/8/epel-x86_64/crudini-0.9.3-1.el8.noarch.rpm.html
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTM0Njk3NTM_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 2]: /images/20221021/1e8adc55772240bb83f1e21a449366da.png
[20210427121148483.png_pic_center]: /images/20221021/db7c296d86874ca8a35c146f99eb68e6.png
[20210427121211429.png_pic_center]: /images/20221021/817634df18bf4e239059af98b9f60a03.png
[20210427121243565.png_pic_center]: /images/20221021/aa6274d3e482482ab861d0e71506d369.png
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[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTM0Njk3NTM_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 4]: /images/20221021/7c97f733cdeb4bfdb45a28099fa2098c.png