php+yii框架,yii框架源码分析(一)

我就是我 2023-01-17 10:56 309阅读 0赞

yii框架源码分析(一)

本文将对yii中的mvc,路由器，filter,组件机制等最主要的部分进行自己的一点浅析，力求说明自己做一个php mvc不是那么的遥不可及，其实是很简单的。

源码基于yii 1.13,为了方便说明，我对其进行了大量的裁剪，不过还是让他保有上面的那些最重要的功能。裁剪下来，其实没有几个文件了，而且每个文件代码最多100多行，避免因为代码太多而懒得看。

![20141116172749\_5781.png][20141116172749_5781.png]

所谓的mvc都是让所有请求从一个地方进去，通过对请求，配置的解析，分发到对应的类方法中。

首先当然是入口文件，index.php.

1 php2$app = "app";3$yii = dirname ( \_\_FILE\_\_ ) . '/framework/yii.php';4$config = dirname ( \_\_FILE\_\_ ) . '/app/protected/config/main.php';//载入配置5require\_once ($yii);6 Yii::createWebApplication ( $config )->run ();

引入yii.php

1 php2define ( "VIEWS\_DIR", "$app/protected/views/");3define ( "CONTROLLERS\_DIR", "$app/protected/controllers/");4require(dirname(\_\_FILE\_\_).'/YiiBase.php');5class Yii extendsYiiBase6\{7 \}

原来yii是个空的类啊，去看YiiBase.

1 php2defined ( 'YII\_PATH' ) or define ( 'YII\_PATH', dirname ( \_\_FILE\_\_) );3classYiiBase \{4publicstatic$classMap = array();5publicstatic$enableIncludePath = true;6privatestatic$\_aliases = array(7 'system' =>YII\_PATH8 ); //alias => path9privatestatic$\_imports = array (); //alias => class name or directory10privatestatic$\_includePaths; //list of include paths11privatestatic$\_app;12privatestatic$\_logger;13publicstaticfunction createWebApplication($config = null) \{14return self::createApplication ( 'CWebApplication', $config);15\}16publicstaticfunction createApplication($class, $config = null) \{17returnnew$class ( $config);18\}19publicstaticfunctionapp() \{20return self::$\_app;21\}22//别名路径23publicstaticfunction getPathOfAlias($alias) \{24if (isset ( self::$\_aliases \[$alias\] ))25return self::$\_aliases \[$alias\];26elseif (($pos = strpos ( $alias, '.' )) !== false) \{27$rootAlias = substr ( $alias, 0, $pos);28if (isset ( self::$\_aliases \[$rootAlias\] ))29return self::$\_aliases \[$alias\] = rtrim ( self::$\_aliases \[$rootAlias\] . DIRECTORY\_SEPARATOR . str\_replace ( '.', DIRECTORY\_SEPARATOR, substr ( $alias, $pos + 1 ) ), '\*' .DIRECTORY\_SEPARATOR );30\}31returnfalse;32\}33publicstaticfunction setPathOfAlias($alias, $path) \{34if (empty ( $path))35unset ( self::$\_aliases \[$alias\] );36else37 self::$\_aliases \[$alias\] = rtrim ( $path, '\\\\/');38\}39publicstaticfunction setApplication($app) \{40if (self::$\_app === null || $app === null)41 self::$\_app = $app;42\}43publicstaticfunction import($alias, $forceInclude = false) \{44if (isset ( self::$\_imports \[$alias\] )) //previously imported45return self::$\_imports \[$alias\];4647if (class\_exists ( $alias, false ) || interface\_exists ( $alias, false))48return self::$\_imports \[$alias\] = $alias;49if (($pos = strrpos ( $alias, '.' )) === false) //a simple class name50\{51//try to autoload the class with an autoloader if $forceInclude is true52if ($forceInclude && (Yii::autoload ( $alias, true ) || class\_exists ( $alias, true)))53 self::$\_imports \[$alias\] = $alias;54return$alias;55\}5657$className = ( string ) substr ( $alias, $pos + 1);58$isClass = $className !== '\*';5960if ($isClass && (class\_exists ( $className, false ) || interface\_exists ( $className, false)))61return self::$\_imports \[$alias\] = $className;6263if (($path = self::getPathOfAlias ( $alias )) !== false) \{64if ($isClass) \{65if ($forceInclude) \{66if (is\_file ( $path . '.php'))67require ($path . '.php');68else69thrownew CException ( Yii::t ( 'yii', 'Alias "\{alias\}" is invalid. Make sure it points to an existing PHP file and the file is readable.', array(70 '\{alias\}' => $alias71) ) );72 self::$\_imports \[$alias\] = $className;73 \} else74 self::$classMap \[$className\] = $path . '.php';75return$className;76 \} else//a directory77\{78if (self::$\_includePaths === null) \{79 self::$\_includePaths = array\_unique ( explode ( PATH\_SEPARATOR, get\_include\_path() ) );80if (($pos = array\_search ( '.', self::$\_includePaths, true )) !== false)81unset ( self::$\_includePaths \[$pos\] );82\}8384array\_unshift ( self::$\_includePaths, $path);8586if (self::$enableIncludePath && set\_include\_path ( '.' . PATH\_SEPARATOR . implode ( PATH\_SEPARATOR, self::$\_includePaths ) ) === false)87 self::$enableIncludePath = false;8889return self::$\_imports \[$alias\] = $path;90\}91\}92\}93//创建组件实例94publicstaticfunction createComponent($config) \{95if (is\_string ( $config)) \{96$type = $config;97$config = array();98 \} elseif (isset ( $config \['class'\] )) \{99$type = $config \['class'\];100unset ( $config \['class'\] );101\}102if (! class\_exists ( $type, false)) \{103$type = Yii::import ( $type, true);104\}105if (($n = func\_num\_args ()) > 1) \{106$args = func\_get\_args();107if ($n === 2)108$object = new$type ( $args \[1\] );109elseif ($n === 3)110$object = new$type ( $args \[1\], $args \[2\] );111elseif ($n === 4)112$object = new$type ( $args \[1\], $args \[2\], $args \[3\] );113else\{114unset ( $args \[0\] );115$class = new ReflectionClass ( $type);116//Note: ReflectionClass::newInstanceArgs() is available for PHP 5.1.3+117// $object=$class->newInstanceArgs($args);118$object = call\_user\_func\_array ( array(119$class, 120 'newInstance' 121 ), $args);122\}123 \} else124$object = new$type();125foreach ( $configas$key => $value)126$object->$key = $value;127128return$object;129\}130//按需加载相应的php131publicstaticfunction autoload($className) \{132include self::$\_coreClasses \[$className\];133\}134privatestatic$\_coreClasses = array(135 'CApplication' => '/base/CApplication.php', 136 'CModule' => '/base/CModule.php', 137 'CWebApplication' => '/base/CWebApplication.php', 138 'CUrlManager' => 'CUrlManager.php', 139 'CComponent' => '/base/CComponent.php' 140 , 'CUrlRule' => 'CUrlRule.php', 141 'CController' => 'CController.php', 142 'CInlineAction' => '/actions/CInlineAction.php', 143 'CAction' => '/actions/CAction.php', 144 'CFilterChain' => '/filters/CFilterChain.php', 145 'CFilter' => '/filters/CFilter.php', 146 'CList' => '/collections/CList.php', 147 'CHttpRequest' => 'CHttpRequest.php', 148 'CDb' => 'CDb.php', 149 'CInlineFilter' => 'filters/CInlineFilter.php' 150);151\}152153 spl\_autoload\_register ( array(154 'YiiBase', 155 'autoload' 156 ) );

看似很多，其实就三个地方注意下就可以了

1.spl\_autoload\_register,用这个就可以实现传说中的按需加载相应的php了,坑爹啊。

2.createComponent($config)这个方法是yii组件调用的核心。在配置中注册的所有组件都是通过它获取组件类的实例的。比如配置：

1 php2returnarray(3 'basePath' => dirname ( \_\_FILE\_\_ ) . DIRECTORY\_SEPARATOR . '..', 45 'import' => array(6 'application.util.\*' 7 ), 89 'components' => array(10 'db' => array(11 'class' => 'CDb', 12 'driver' => 'mysql', 13 'hostname' => 'localhost', 14 'username' => 'root', 15 'password' => '', 16 'database' => 'youtube' 17 ), 18 'urlManager' => array(19 'urlFormat' => 'path', 20 'rules' => array(21 'comment\_reply//' => 'reply/load\_comment\_reply', 22 'b/' => array(23 'video/broadcast', 24 'urlSuffix' => '.html' 25 ), 26 'c/' => 'video/list\_more\_video', 27 'u/reg' => 'user/reg', 28 'v/upload' => 'video/upload\_video', 29 'login' => 'user/to\_login', 30 'show\_chanel/' => 'show/chanel' , 31 'show/' => 'show/show', 32)33)34)35);36 ?>

这个文件就返回了个map,里面components中的db,urlManager便是我注册的系统中的组件,里面的array便是组件的参数.

从源码中看到$type = $config \['class'\];$object = new $type;就创建了注册的类实例了。

3.import($alias, $forceInclude = false)。作用：导入一个类或一个目录。导入一个类就像包含相应的类文件。 主要区别是导入一个类比较轻巧， 它仅在类文件首次引用时包含。这个也是yii的一个核心优化点。

这个在上面createComponent($config)中有用到，

if (!class\_exists ( $type, false )) \{

$type = Yii::import ( $type, true );

如果$type类没有定义，就去导入。有些组件，核心在yii中多次create调用，这样就保证了仅在类文件首次引用时导入。

下面分析index.php中Yii::createWebApplication ( $config )的调用过程。

这个调用是去了CWebApplication。

1 php2class CWebApplication extendsCApplication \{3public$controllerNamespace;4private$\_controllerPath;5private$\_viewPath;6private$\_systemViewPath;7private$\_controller;8public$controllerMap=array();9publicfunction processRequest() \{//开始执行请求10//获取urlManager组件，解析请求，得到controller/action这种格式的string,11//并且将隐藏参数与请求的参数一一对应，匹配起来，写入$\_REQUEST中12$route = $this->getUrlManager ()->parseUrl ($this->getRequest());13$this->runController ( $route);14\}15publicfunction getRequest() \{//获取request组件16return$this->getComponent ( 'request');17\}18protectedfunction registerCoreComponents() \{//注册核心组件19 parent::registerCoreComponents ();20\}21//执行contronller22publicfunction runController($route) \{23if (($ca = $this->createController ( $route )) !== null) \{24list ( $controller, $actionID ) = $ca;25$oldController = $this->\_controller;26$this->\_controller = $controller;27$controller->init ();//钩子,在执行action方法前调用，子类去实现28$controller->run ( $actionID );//开始转入controller类中action方法的执行29$this->\_controller = $oldController;30\}31\}32//创建controller类实例,从controller/action这种格式的string中解析出$controller, $actionID33publicfunction createController($route, $owner = null) \{34if ($owner === null)35$owner = $this;36if (($route = trim ( $route, '/' )) === '')37$route = $owner->defaultController;3839$route .= '/';40while ( ($pos = strpos ( $route, '/' )) !== false) \{41$id = substr ( $route, 0, $pos);42if (! preg\_match ( '/^\\w+$/', $id))43returnnull;44$id = strtolower ( $id);45$route = ( string ) substr ( $route, $pos + 1);46if (! isset ( $basePath )) //first segment47\{48$basePath = $owner->getControllerPath ();49$controllerID = '';50 \} else\{51$controllerID .= '/';52\}53$className = ucfirst ( $id ) . 'Controller';54$classFile = $basePath . DIRECTORY\_SEPARATOR . $className . '.php';5556if (is\_file ( $classFile)) \{57if (! class\_exists ( $className, false))58require ($classFile);59if (class\_exists ( $className, false ) && is\_subclass\_of ( $className, 'CController')) \{60$id \[0\] = strtolower ( $id \[0\] );61returnarray(62new$className ( $controllerID . $id, $owner === $this ? null : $owner ), 63$this->parseActionParams ( $route)64);65\}66returnnull;67\}68$controllerID .= $id;69$basePath .= DIRECTORY\_SEPARATOR . $id;70\}71\}72protectedfunction parseActionParams($pathInfo) \{73if (($pos = strpos ( $pathInfo, '/' )) !== false) \{74$manager = $this->getUrlManager ();//再次获取urlManager,在上面第一次调用中已经导入。75$manager->parsePathInfo ( ( string ) substr ( $pathInfo, $pos + 1) );76$actionID = substr ( $pathInfo, 0, $pos);77return$manager->caseSensitive ? $actionID : strtolower ( $actionID);78 \} else79return$pathInfo;80\}81publicfunctiongetControllerPath() \{82if ($this->\_controllerPath !== null)83return$this->\_controllerPath;84else85return$this->\_controllerPath = $this->getBasePath () . DIRECTORY\_SEPARATOR . 'controllers';86\}87//两个钩子,子类去实现88publicfunction beforeControllerAction($controller, $action) \{89returntrue;90\}91publicfunction afterControllerAction($controller, $action) \{92\}93protectedfunctioninit() \{94 parent::init ();95\}96 \}

没有构造方法，构造方法在父类CApplication里面。

1 php2abstractclass CApplication extendsCModule \{3private$\_id;4private$\_basePath;5abstractpublicfunctionprocessRequest();6publicfunction \_\_construct($config = null) \{7if (is\_string ( $config))8$config = require ($config);9 Yii::setApplication ( $this );//保存整个app实例10if (isset ( $config \['basePath'\] )) \{11$this->setBasePath ( $config \['basePath'\] );12unset ( $config \['basePath'\] );13 \} else14$this->setBasePath ( 'protected');15//设置别名,后面就可以用application表示basePath了16 Yii::setPathOfAlias ( 'application', $this->getBasePath () );17//钩子，模块 预 初始化时执行，子类实现。不过这时，配置还没有写入框架18$this->preinit ();19$this->registerCoreComponents ();20//父类实现21$this->configure ( $config);22//加载静态应用组件23$this->preloadComponents ();24//这才开始初始化模块25$this->init ();26\}27protectedfunctionregisterCoreComponents() \{28$components = array(29 'request' => array(30 'class' => 'CHttpRequest' 31 ), 32 'urlManager' => array(33 'class' => 'CUrlManager' 34)35);3637$this->setComponents ( $components );//父类实现38\}39publicfunctionrun() \{40$this->processRequest ();41\}42publicfunctiongetId() \{43if ($this->\_id !== null)44return$this->\_id;45else46return$this->\_id = sprintf ( '%x', crc32 ( $this->getBasePath () . $this->name ) );47\}48publicfunction setId($id) \{49$this->\_id = $id;50\}51publicfunctiongetBasePath() \{52return$this->\_basePath;53\}54publicfunction setBasePath($path) \{55if (($this->\_basePath = realpath ( $path )) === false || ! is\_dir ( $this->\_basePath ))56return;57\}58publicfunctiongetDb() \{59return$this->getComponent ( 'db' );//父类实现60\}61publicfunctiongetUrlManager() \{62return$this->getComponent ( 'urlManager');63\}64publicfunctiongetController() \{65returnnull;66\}67publicfunction getBaseUrl($absolute = false) \{68return$this->getRequest ()->getBaseUrl ( $absolute);69\}70 \}

\_\_construct里面注释写的很详细了，值得注意的是registerCoreComponents ()。前面说了那么多，那么Yii::createWebApplication ( $config )到底是做什么的。

其实最终目的对这个裁剪过的yii而言就是注册核心组件。就这么简单.

setComponents ( $components )在父类CModule里面.

1 php2abstractclass CModule extendsCComponent \{3public$preload = array();4public$behaviors = array();5private$\_id;6private$\_parentModule;7private$\_basePath;8private$\_modulePath;9private$\_params;10private$\_modules = array();11private$\_moduleConfig = array();12private$\_components = array();13private$\_componentConfig = array();14//重写是为了方便直接用 application.组件 这种方式直接获取组件15publicfunction \_\_get($name) \{16if ($this->hasComponent ( $name))17return$this->getComponent ( $name);18else19return parent::\_\_get ( $name);20\}21publicfunction \_\_isset($name) \{22if ($this->hasComponent ( $name))23return$this->getComponent ( $name ) !== null;24else25return parent::\_\_isset ( $name);26\}27publicfunction hasComponent($id) \{28returnisset ( $this->\_components \[$id\] ) || isset ( $this->\_componentConfig \[$id\] );29\}30//31publicfunction getComponent($id, $createIfNull = true) \{32if (isset ( $this->\_components \[$id\] ))33return$this->\_components \[$id\];34elseif (isset ( $this->\_componentConfig \[$id\] ) && $createIfNull) \{35$config = $this->\_componentConfig \[$id\];36$component = Yii::createComponent ( $config );//YiiBase,返回组件实例37$component->init ();//钩子，调用子类重写的init方法38//将组件写入数组保存，并返回39return$this->\_components \[$id\] = $component;40\}41\}42publicfunction setComponent($id, $component, $merge = true) \{43//组件写入数组保存44if (isset ( $this->\_componentConfig \[$id\] ) && $merge) \{4546$this->\_componentConfig \[$id\] = self::mergeArray ( $this->\_componentConfig \[$id\], $component);47 \} else\{4849$this->\_componentConfig \[$id\] = $component;50\}51\}52publicstaticfunction mergeArray($a, $b) \{53$args = func\_get\_args();54$res = array\_shift ( $args);55while ( ! empty ( $args) ) \{56$next = array\_shift ( $args);57foreach ( $nextas$k => $v) \{58if (is\_integer ( $k))59isset ( $res \[$k\] ) ? $res \[\] = $v : $res \[$k\] = $v;60elseif (is\_array ( $v ) && isset ( $res \[$k\] ) && is\_array ( $res \[$k\] ))61$res \[$k\] = self::mergeArray ( $res \[$k\], $v);62else63$res \[$k\] = $v;64\}65\}66return$res;67\}68publicfunction setComponents($components, $merge = true) \{69foreach ( $componentsas$id => $component)70$this->setComponent ( $id, $component, $merge);71\}72//子类CApplication调用，用来为模块指定配置73publicfunction configure($config) \{74if (is\_array ( $config)) \{75foreach ( $configas$key => $value)76$this->$key = $value;77\}78\}79protectedfunctionpreloadComponents() \{80foreach ( $this->preload as$id)81$this->getComponent ( $id);82\}83//又是两个钩子84protectedfunctionpreinit() \{85\}86protectedfunctioninit() \{87\}88 \}

看到所谓的注册组件就是写入数组保存，getComponent()的时候就是用前面讲到的YiiBase里面的createComponent($config)返回组件实例。就这么简单。

而CApplication里面的什么getDb()，getUrlManager()也是在调用getComponent()。

最后附上，裁剪的yii http://files.cnblogs.com/TheViper/framework.zip

以上就介绍了yii框架源码分析(一)，包括了yii框架源码方面的内容，希望对PHP教程有兴趣的朋友有所帮助。

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[20141116172749_5781.png]: http://image.codes51.com/Article/image/20141116/20141116172749_5781.png