TestNG –参数测试（XML和@DataProvider）

秒速五厘米 2023-02-15 07:36 26阅读 0赞

在本教程中，我们将向您展示如何通过XML `@Parameters`或`@DataProvider`将参数传递给`@Test`方法。

## 1.使用XML传递参数 ##

在此示例中，属性文件名从`testng.xml`传递，并通过`@Parameters`注入到方法中。

TestParameterXML.java

package com.mkyong.testng.examples.parameter;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.io.InputStream;
    import java.sql.Connection;
    import java.sql.DriverManager;
    import java.util.Properties;
    
    import org.testng.annotations.Parameters;
    import org.testng.annotations.Test;
    
    public class TestParameterXML {
    
    	Connection con;
    
    	@Test
    	@Parameters({ "dbconfig", "poolsize" })
    	public void createConnection(String dbconfig, int poolsize) {
    
    		System.out.println("dbconfig : " + dbconfig);
    		System.out.println("poolsize : " + poolsize);
    
    		Properties prop = new Properties();
    		InputStream input = null;
    
    		try {
    		  //get properties file from project classpath
    		  input = getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(dbconfig);
    
    		  prop.load(input);
    
    		  String drivers = prop.getProperty("jdbc.driver");
    		  String connectionURL = prop.getProperty("jdbc.url");
    		  String username = prop.getProperty("jdbc.username");
    		  String password = prop.getProperty("jdbc.password");
    
    		  System.out.println("drivers : " + drivers);
    		  System.out.println("connectionURL : " + connectionURL);
    		  System.out.println("username : " + username);
    		  System.out.println("password : " + password);
    
    		  Class.forName(drivers);
    		  con = DriverManager.getConnection(connectionURL, username, password);
    
    		} catch (Exception e) {
    			e.printStackTrace();
    		} finally {
    			if (input != null) {
    				try {
    					input.close();
    				} catch (IOException e) {
    					e.printStackTrace();
    				}
    			}
    		}
    
    	}
    
    }

db.properties

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mkyongserver
    jdbc.username=mkyong
    jdbc.password=password

testng.xml

<!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM "http://beust.com/testng/testng-1.0.dtd" >
    <suite name="test-parameter">
    
        <test name="example1">
    	
    	<parameter name="dbconfig" value="db.properties" />
    	<parameter name="poolsize" value="10" />
    		
    	<classes>
    	  <class name="com.mkyong.testng.examples.parameter.TestParameterXML" />
    	</classes>
    		
        </test>
    	
    </suite>

输出量

dbconfig : db.properties
    poolsize : 10
    drivers : com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    connectionURL : jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mkyongserver
    username : mkyong
    password : password

## 2.通过@DataProvider传递参数 ##

**2.1**查看一个简单的`@DataProvider`示例，传递一个`int`参数。

TestParameterDataProvider.java

package com.mkyong.testng.examples.parameter;
    
    import org.testng.Assert;
    import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;
    import org.testng.annotations.Test;
    
    public class TestParameterDataProvider {
    
    	@Test(dataProvider = "provideNumbers")
    	public void test(int number, int expected) {
    		Assert.assertEquals(number + 10, expected);
    	}
    
    	@DataProvider(name = "provideNumbers")
    	public Object[][] provideData() {
    
    		return new Object[][] { 
    			{ 10, 20 }, 
    			{ 100, 110 }, 
    			{ 200, 210 } 
    		};
    	}
    
    }

输出量

PASSED: test(10, 20)
    PASSED: test(100, 110)
    PASSED: test(200, 210)

**2.2** `@DataProvider`支持传递`object`参数。 下面的示例演示如何将`Map`对象作为参数传递。

TestParameterDataProvider.java

package com.mkyong.testng.examples.parameter;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.io.InputStream;
    import java.util.HashMap;
    import java.util.Map;
    import java.util.Properties;
    
    import org.testng.Assert;
    import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;
    import org.testng.annotations.Test;
    
    public class TestParameterDataProvider {
    
    	@Test(dataProvider = "dbconfig")
    	public void testConnection(Map<String, String> map) {
    
    		for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : map.entrySet()) {
    		  System.out.println("[Key] : " + entry.getKey() 
                                  + " [Value] : " + entry.getValue());
    		}
    
    	}
    
    	@DataProvider(name = "dbconfig")
    	public Object[][] provideDbConfig() {
    		Map<String, String> map = readDbConfig();
    		return new Object[][] { { map } };
    	}
    
    	public Map<String, String> readDbConfig() {
    
    		Properties prop = new Properties();
    		InputStream input = null;
    		Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
    
    		try {
    		  input = getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("db.properties");
    
    		  prop.load(input);
    
    		  map.put("jdbc.driver", prop.getProperty("jdbc.driver"));
    		  map.put("jdbc.url", prop.getProperty("jdbc.url"));
    		  map.put("jdbc.username", prop.getProperty("jdbc.username"));
    		  map.put("jdbc.password", prop.getProperty("jdbc.password"));
    
    		} catch (Exception e) {
    			e.printStackTrace();
    		} finally {
    			if (input != null) {
    				try {
    					input.close();
    				} catch (IOException e) {
    					e.printStackTrace();
    				}
    			}
    		}
    
    		return map;
    
    	}
    	
    }

输出量

[Key] : jdbc.url [Value] : jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mkyongserver
    [Key] : jdbc.username [Value] : mkyong
    [Key] : jdbc.driver [Value] : com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    [Key] : jdbc.password [Value] : password
    PASSED: testConnection({jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mkyongserver, 
    jdbc.username=mkyong, jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver, jdbc.password=password})

## 3. @DataProvider +方法 ##

本示例说明如何根据测试方法名称传递不同的参数。

TestParameterDataProvider.java

package com.mkyong.testng.examples.parameter;
    
    import java.lang.reflect.Method;
    import org.testng.Assert;
    import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;
    import org.testng.annotations.Test;
    
    public class TestParameterDataProvider {
    
    	@Test(dataProvider = "dataProvider")
    	public void test1(int number, int expected) {
    		Assert.assertEquals(number, expected);
    	}
    
    	@Test(dataProvider = "dataProvider")
    	public void test2(String email, String expected) {
    		Assert.assertEquals(email, expected);
    	}
    
    	@DataProvider(name = "dataProvider")
    	public Object[][] provideData(Method method) {
    
    		Object[][] result = null;
    
    		if (method.getName().equals("test1")) {
    			result = new Object[][] {
    				{ 1, 1 }, { 200, 200 } 
    			};
    		} else if (method.getName().equals("test2")) {
    			result = new Object[][] { 
    				{ "test@gmail.com", "test@gmail.com" }, 
    				{ "test@yahoo.com", "test@yahoo.com" } 
    			};
    		}
    
    		return result;
    
    	}
    
    }

输出量

PASSED: test1(1, 1)
    PASSED: test1(200, 200)
    PASSED: test2("test@gmail.com", "test@gmail.com")
    PASSED: test2("test@yahoo.com", "test@yahoo.com")

## 4. @DataProvider + ITestContext ##

在TestNG中，我们可以使用`org.testng.ITestContext`来确定调用当前测试方法的运行时参数。 在最后一个示例中，我们将向您展示如何根据所包含的组名传递参数。

TestParameterDataProvider.java

package com.mkyong.testng.examples.parameter;
    
    import org.testng.Assert;
    import org.testng.ITestContext;
    import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;
    import org.testng.annotations.Test;
    
    public class TestParameterDataProvider {
    
    	@Test(dataProvider = "dataProvider", groups = {"groupA"})
    	public void test1(int number) {
    		Assert.assertEquals(number, 1);
    	}
    
    	@Test(dataProvider = "dataProvider", groups = "groupB")
    	public void test2(int number) {
    		Assert.assertEquals(number, 2);
    	}
    
    	@DataProvider(name = "dataProvider")
    	public Object[][] provideData(ITestContext context) {
    
    		Object[][] result = null;
    	
    		//get test name
    		//System.out.println(context.getName());
    		
    		for (String group : context.getIncludedGroups()) {
    
    			System.out.println("group : " + group);
    
    			if ("groupA".equals(group)) {
    				result = new Object[][] { { 1 } };
    				break;
    			}
    
    		}
    
    		if (result == null) {
    			result = new Object[][] { { 2 } };
    		}
    		return result;
    
    	}
    
    }

testng.xml

<!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM "http://beust.com/testng/testng-1.0.dtd" >
    <suite name="test-parameter">
    
      <test name="example1">
    
    	<groups>
    		<run>
    			<include name="groupA" />
    		</run>
    	</groups>
    
    	<classes>
    	   <class
    	    name="com.mkyong.testng.examples.parameter.TestParameterDataProvider" />
    	</classes>
    
      </test>
    
    </suite>

输出量

group : groupA

做完了

## 参考文献 ##

1.  [TestNG @数据提供者][TestNG]
2.  [TestNG ITestContext JavaDoc][]
3.  [使用JDBC驱动程序连接到MySQL][JDBC_MySQL]

标签： [参数测试][Link 1] [testng][]

> 翻译自: [https://mkyong.com/unittest/testng-tutorial-6-parameterized-test/][https_mkyong.com_unittest_testng-tutorial-6-parameterized-test]

[TestNG]: http://testng.org/doc/documentation-main.html#parameters-dataproviders
[TestNG ITestContext JavaDoc]: http://testng.org/javadocs/org/testng/ITestContext.html
[JDBC_MySQL]: http://www.mkyong.com/jdbc/how-to-connect-to-mysql-with-jdbc-driver-java/
[Link 1]: https://mkyong.com/tag/parameter-test/
[testng]: https://mkyong.com/tag/testng/
[https_mkyong.com_unittest_testng-tutorial-6-parameterized-test]: https://mkyong.com/unittest/testng-tutorial-6-parameterized-test/