理想与现实：HI3516编译Valgrind

ゝ一世哀愁。 2023-02-16 00:43 1阅读 0赞

众所周知，C/C++程序的内存问题较多。[Valgrind][] 是一个用于构建动态分析工具的工具框架。其包含的工具可以自动检测许多内存管理和线程错误，并详细剖析程序。

于是，我希望在海思系列芯片上使用它。编译过程中遇到很多问题，然而一一解决之后却发现 [Valgrind][] 在海思芯片上竟无用武之地。

## 交叉编译 ##

首先下载源码，解压后使用如下脚本进行编译。需要注意的是

*  修改 `toolchain_dir`为工具链路径；
 *  确保`--host`以`armv7-`开头；
 *  `--prefix`为预备置于开发板上的路径；
 *  `DESTDIR`为编译后的安装路径。

脚本执行成功后会在`DESTDIR`文件夹下创建`--prefix`所指定的路径，并将程序安装到此。

#!/bin/sh
    set -e -x
    
    toolchain_dir=/path/to/arm-himix200-linux/arm-himix200-linux
    export CC=${toolchain_dir}/bin/arm-himix200-linux-gcc-6.3.0
    #export CXX=${toolchain_dir}/bin/arm-himix200-linux-g++
    #export CPP=${toolchain_dir}/bin/arm-himix200-linux-cpp
    export LD=${toolchain_dir}/bin/arm-himix200-linux-ld
    export AR=${toolchain_dir}/bin/arm-himix200-linux-ar
    
    ./configure \
    	--prefix=/mnt/valgrind \
        CC=${toolchain_dir}/bin/arm-himix200-linux-gcc-6.3.0 \
        CXX=${toolchain_dir}/bin/arm-himix200-linux-g++ \
        LD=${toolchain_dir}/bin/arm-himix200-linux-ld \
        CPP=${toolchain_dir}/bin/arm-himix200-linux-cpp \
        AR=${toolchain_dir}/bin/arm-himix200-linux-ar \
        LDFLAGS="-Wl,--rpath=./valgrind,--dynamic-linker=./valgrind/ld-linux.so.3"\
    	--target=armv7-himix200-linux \
    	--host=armv7-himix200-linux \
    	--program-prefix=hisi-
    
    make -j$(nproc)
    make -j$(nproc) install DESTDIR=`pwd`/Inst

[Valgrind][] 运行时需要 untripped ld-2.24.so。`ld-linux.so.3`是`ld-2.24.so`的软链接。[Valgrind-3.12.0 - Linux From Scratch!][Valgrind-3.12.0 - Linux From Scratch] 中给出的方案是进行替换。然而这一操作是危险的，一旦`ld-2.24.so`不可用，系统也会随之损坏。

readelf -l hisi-valgrind | grep interpreter
    [Requesting program interpreter: /lib/ld-linux.so.3]

脚本中的`LDFLAGS`修改 [Valgrind][] 的默认链接器位置，从工具链中的`arm-himix200-linux/arm-himix200-linux/target/lib/a7_softfp_neon-vfpv4`文件夹拷贝`ld-2.24.so`到`valgrind`文件夹并创建软链接：

ln -s ld-2.24.so ld-linux.so.3

在测试应用程序的 CMake 文件中也加入

add_link_options(-Wl,--rpath=./valgrind,--dynamic-linker=./valgrind/ld-linux.so.3)

## 运行 Valgrind ##

将`valgrind`文件夹拷贝到开发板上并以简单程序进行测试。

#!/bin/bash
    
    export VALGRIND_LIB=valgrind/lib/valgrind
    ./valgrind/bin/hisi-valgrind --tool=memcheck --leak-check=full --vgdb=no /mnt/test
    ./valgrind/bin/hisi-valgrind  -v --track-origins=yes --tool=memcheck --leak-check=yes  --gen-suppressions=yes --num-callers=20 --track-fds=yes --vgdb=no ./test

海思将内存划分成了 OS 内存和 MMZ 内存两部分，[Valgrind][]不能正确识别 MMZ 内存的内存分配，会报出大量的错误：

==23952== Invalid read of size 1
    ==23952==    at 0x591EF7C: strncpy_s (in /mnt/3516_libs/libsecurec.so)
    ==23952==  Address 0xb6e740e1 is not stack'd, malloc'd or (recently) free'd
    ==23952==
    ==23952== Invalid read of size 4
    ==23952==    at 0x484CA74: memcpy (vg_replace_strmem.c:1034)
    ==23952==    by 0x591F01B: strncpy_s (in /mnt/3516_libs/libsecurec.so)
    ==23952==  Address 0xb6e740e0 is not stack'd, malloc'd or (recently) free'd
    ==23952==

虽然可以使用`--suppressions`选项进行过滤，但这样一来检查功能残缺不全，效果大打折扣。

## 参考资料： ##

*  [Linux下内存统计和内存泄露类问题的定位方法][Linux]
 *  [海思3559A上编译Valgrind源码操作步骤][3559A_Valgrind]
 *  [valgrind的使用][valgrind]
 *  [应用 Valgrind 发现 Linux 程序的内存问题][Valgrind _ Linux]
 *  [使用 Valgrind 检测 C++ 内存泄漏][Valgrind _ C_]
 *  [Cross-Compiling Valgirind for ARMv7 GNU/LINUX][Cross-Compiling Valgirind for ARMv7 GNU_LINUX]
 *  [Valgrind cross compilation for ARMv5tel][]
 *  [valgrind简介以及在ARM上交叉编译运行][valgrind_ARM]
 *  [Re: \[Valgrind-users\] Fw:valgrind on cortrex-a9 problem][Re_ _Valgrind-users_ Fw_valgrind on cortrex-a9 problem]
 *  [2. Using and understanding the Valgrind core][]
 *  [Linux X86 程序启动 – main函数是如何被执行的？][Linux X86 _ _ main]
 *  [hisi3531 valgrind 交叉编译移植][hisi3531 valgrind]
 *  [hisiv400+glibc-2.23编译][hisiv400_glibc-2.23]
 *  [Valgrind for ARM with Linaro Toolchain requiring libc6-dbg with Buildroot][]
 *  [Re: \[Valgrind-users\] \[2.4.0\] Getting an “Access not within mapped region” in /lib/ld? ][Re_ _Valgrind-users_ _2.4.0_ Getting an _Access not within mapped region_ in _lib_ld_]
 *  [What does -/+ buffers/cache means in the output of free? \[closed\]][What does -_ buffers_cache means in the output of free_ _closed]
 *  [【linux】free命令中cached和buffers的区别][linux_free_cached_buffers]
 *  [Linux中用gdb 查看代码堆栈的信息][Linux_gdb]
 *  [OpenCV getTextSize函数中的baseLine参数][OpenCV getTextSize_baseLine]
 *  [opencv学习（十三）之文本文字插入][opencv]
 *  [warning: ISO C++ forbids converting a string constant to ‘char\*’ \[-Wwrite-strings\] \[duplicate\]][warning_ ISO C_ forbids converting a string constant to _char_ _-Wwrite-strings_ _duplicate]
 *  [C++ “::” 作用域符 双冒号][C_ _ _]
 *  [valgrind使用][valgrind 1]
 *  [\[What\]valgrind 基本安装与使用][What_valgrind]
 *  [The Valgrind Quick Start Guide][]
 *  [C++ - Syscall param socketcall.recvfrom(buf) points to unaddressable byte(s)][C_ - Syscall param socketcall.recvfrom_buf_ points to unaddressable byte_s]
 *  [Valgrind-3.12.0 - Linux From Scratch!][Valgrind-3.12.0 - Linux From Scratch]
 *  [What is /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 and why can it be used to execute file?][What is _lib64_ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 and why can it be used to execute file]
 *  [How can the dynamic linker/loader itself be dynamically linked as reported by `file`?][How can the dynamic linker_loader itself be dynamically linked as reported by _file]
 *  [Passing compiler options cmake][]
 *  [overwrite default /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 to call executables][overwrite default _lib64_ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 to call executables]
 *  [Multiple glibc libraries on a single host][]
 *  [Valgrind Suppression File Howto][]

[Valgrind]: https://www.valgrind.org/
[Valgrind-3.12.0 - Linux From Scratch]: http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/8.0/general/valgrind.html
[Linux]: http://www.51testing.com/mobile/view.php?itemid=843750
[3559A_Valgrind]: https://blog.csdn.net/fengbingchun/article/details/97756419
[valgrind]: https://ivanzz1001.github.io/records/post/cplusplus/2018/11/14/cpluscplus-valgrind_usage
[Valgrind _ Linux]: https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/linux/l-cn-valgrind/index.html
[Valgrind _ C_]: http://senlinzhan.github.io/2017/12/31/valgrind/
[Cross-Compiling Valgirind for ARMv7 GNU_LINUX]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/44385549/cross-compiling-valgirind-for-armv7-gnu-linux
[Valgrind cross compilation for ARMv5tel]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4228339/valgrind-cross-compilation-for-armv5tel/4336133#4336133
[valgrind_ARM]: https://blog.csdn.net/dengcanjun6/article/details/54958359
[Re_ _Valgrind-users_ Fw_valgrind on cortrex-a9 problem]: https://sourceforge.net/p/valgrind/mailman/message/30104628/
[2. Using and understanding the Valgrind core]: http://cs.swan.ac.uk/~csoliver/ok-sat-library/internet_html/doc/doc/Valgrind/3.8.1/html/manual-core.html
[Linux X86 _ _ main]: https://luomuxiaoxiao.com/?p=516
[hisi3531 valgrind]: https://blog.csdn.net/lizhangping/article/details/51833997?depth_1-utm_source=distribute.pc_relevant.none-task&utm_source=distribute.pc_relevant.none-task
[hisiv400_glibc-2.23]: https://blog.csdn.net/vc66vcc/article/details/51218676
[Valgrind for ARM with Linaro Toolchain requiring libc6-dbg with Buildroot]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/13419020/valgrind-for-arm-with-linaro-toolchain-requiring-libc6-dbg-with-buildroot
[Re_ _Valgrind-users_ _2.4.0_ Getting an _Access not within mapped region_ in _lib_ld_]: https://sourceforge.net/p/valgrind/mailman/message/11156987/
[What does -_ buffers_cache means in the output of free_ _closed]: https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/185251/what-does-buffers-cache-means-in-the-output-of-free
[linux_free_cached_buffers]: https://www.cnblogs.com/chenpingzhao/p/5161844.html
[Linux_gdb]: https://www.cnblogs.com/chengliangsheng/p/3597010.html
[OpenCV getTextSize_baseLine]: https://blog.csdn.net/u010970514/article/details/84075776
[opencv]: https://blog.csdn.net/keith_bb/article/details/53366674
[warning_ ISO C_ forbids converting a string constant to _char_ _-Wwrite-strings_ _duplicate]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/56524609/warning-iso-c-forbids-converting-a-string-constant-to-char-wwrite-string
[C_ _ _]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_33266987/article/details/53689133
[valgrind 1]: http://wowothink.com/bd3ef1e4/
[What_valgrind]: http://kcmetercec.top/2018/09/03/linux_debug_valgrind_tutorial/
[The Valgrind Quick Start Guide]: http://www.valgrind.org/docs/manual/quick-start.html#quick-start.prepare
[C_ - Syscall param socketcall.recvfrom_buf_ points to unaddressable byte_s]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_24889575/article/details/87897117
[What is _lib64_ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 and why can it be used to execute file]: https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/400621/what-is-lib64-ld-linux-x86-64-so-2-and-why-can-it-be-used-to-execute-file
[How can the dynamic linker_loader itself be dynamically linked as reported by _file]: https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/543205/how-can-the-dynamic-linker-loader-itself-be-dynamically-linked-as-reported-by-f
[Passing compiler options cmake]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/44284275/passing-compiler-options-cmake
[overwrite default _lib64_ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 to call executables]: https://superuser.com/questions/1144758/overwrite-default-lib64-ld-linux-x86-64-so-2-to-call-executables
[Multiple glibc libraries on a single host]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/847179/multiple-glibc-libraries-on-a-single-host
[Valgrind Suppression File Howto]: https://wiki.wxwidgets.org/Valgrind_Suppression_File_Howto