vue+element UI + axios封装文件上传及进度条组件（转）

电玩女神 2023-02-16 01:58 122阅读 0赞

**阅读目录**

*  [1.前言][1.]
 *  [2.文件上传][2.]
 *  [3.进度条][3.]
 *  [4.全部代码][4.]
 *  [5.效果演示][5.]

--------------------

# 1.前言 #

之前在做项目的时候，需要实现一个文件上传组件并且需要有文件上传进度条，现将之前的实现过程简单记录一下，希望可以帮助到有需要的人。

项目用的是Vue框架，UI库使用的是element UI，前后端交互请求使用的是Vue官方推荐的axios。其中，UI方面主要使用了element UI库中的`Upload`文件上传组件、`Progress` 进度条组件。

[回到顶部][Link 1]

# 2.文件上传 #

文件上传功能使用element UI库中的`Upload`文件上传组件实现，代码如下：

<div class="uploadfile">
          <el-upload
            ref="upload"
            class="upload-demo"
            :before-upload="beforeUpload"
            drag
            :auto-upload="false"
            :on-exceed="handleExceed"
          >
            <i class="el-icon-upload"></i>
            <div class="el-upload__text">将文件拖到此处，或<em>点击选择文件</em></div>
          </el-upload>
          <el-button style="margin-left: 10px;" size="small" type="success" @click="submitUpload">上传</el-button>
        </div>

当点击上传按钮，会触发`submitUpload`函数，同时该函数也会触发`beforeUpload`函数：

beforeUpload(file){
                let fd = new FormData();
                fd.append('file', file);
                let config = {
                  onUploadProgress: progressEvent => {
                    let complete = (progressEvent.loaded / progressEvent.total ).toFixed(2) * 100 ;
                    this.percentage = complete;
                    if (this.percentage >= 100){
                      this.dialogVisible = true
                    }
                  },
                  headers: {
                    'Content-Type': 'multipart/form-data'
                  }
                };
                this.$axios.post(this.url,fd,config)
                  .then((res)=>{
    
                  })
                  .catch((err)=>{
    
                  })
              },
              submitUpload(){
                this.loading = true;
                this.tips = '正在上传中。。。';
                this.$refs.upload.submit();
              },

[回到顶部][Link 1]

# 3.进度条 #

当点击上传后，整个页面被遮罩层遮挡，并显示上传进度：

<div class="loading" v-if="loading" >
          <h4 class="tips">{
       {tips}}</h4>
          
          <el-progress type="line" :percentage="percentage" class="progress" :show-text="true"></el-progress>
        </div>

进度条关键代码：

进度条的实现主要依靠`axios`中提供的`onUploadProgress`函数，该函数提供了文件已上传部分的大小`progressEvent.loaded`和文件总大小`progressEvent.total`，利用这两个数据我们就可以计算出已经上传文件的进度。

beforeUpload(file){
                let fd = new FormData();
                fd.append('file', file);
                let config = {
                  onUploadProgress: progressEvent => {
                    //progressEvent.loaded:已上传文件大小
                    //progressEvent.total:被上传文件的总大小
                    let complete = (progressEvent.loaded / progressEvent.total ).toFixed(2) * 100 ;
                    this.percentage = complete;
                    if (this.percentage >= 100){
                      this.dialogVisible = true
                    }
                  },
                  headers: {
                    'Content-Type': 'multipart/form-data'
                  }
                };
                this.$axios.post(this.url,fd,config)
                  .then((res)=>{
    
                  })
                  .catch((err)=>{
    
                  })
              },

[回到顶部][Link 1]

# 4.全部代码 #

封装好组件后，我们只需在父组件中调用该组件并传入文件上传到的目的url即可。

以下是该组件`UploadFile.vue`的全部代码：

<template>
      <div>
        
        <div class="uploadfile">
          <el-upload
            ref="upload"
            class="upload-demo"
            :before-upload="beforeUpload"
            drag
            :auto-upload="false"
            :on-exceed="handleExceed"
          >
            <i class="el-icon-upload"></i>
            <div class="el-upload__text">将文件拖到此处，或<em>点击选择文件</em></div>
          </el-upload>
          <el-button style="margin-left: 10px;" size="small" type="success" @click="submitUpload">上传</el-button>
        </div>
        
        <div class="loading" v-if="loading" >
          <h4 class="tips">{
       {tips}}</h4>
          
          <el-progress type="line" :percentage="percentage" class="progress" :show-text="true"></el-progress>
        </div>
        
        <el-dialog
          title="提示"
          :visible="dialogVisible"
          width="30%"
          :modal-append-to-body='false'
        >
          <span>文件上传成功</span>
          <span slot="footer" class="dialog-footer">
            <el-button type="primary" @click="ensure">确 定</el-button>
          </span>
        </el-dialog>
    
      </div>
    </template>
    
    <script>
        import Vue from 'vue'
        import {Upload,Button,Progress,Dialog} from 'element-ui';
        Vue.use(Upload);
        Vue.use(Button);
        Vue.use(Progress);
        Vue.use(Dialog);
    
        export default {
            name: "UploadFile",
            data(){
              return {
                loading:false,
                percentage:0,
                tips:'',
                dialogVisible:false
              }
            },
            props:['url'],
            methods:{
              beforeUpload(file){
                let fd = new FormData();
                fd.append('file', file);
                let config = {
                  onUploadProgress: progressEvent => {
                    //progressEvent.loaded:已上传文件大小
                    //progressEvent.total:被上传文件的总大小
                    let complete = (progressEvent.loaded / progressEvent.total ).toFixed(2) * 100 ;
                    this.percentage = complete;
                    if (this.percentage >= 100){
                      this.dialogVisible = true
                    }
                  },
                  headers: {
                    'Content-Type': 'multipart/form-data'
                  }
                };
                this.$axios.post(this.url,fd,config)
                  .then((res)=>{
    
                  })
                  .catch((err)=>{
    
                  })
              },
              handleExceed(){
    
              },
              submitUpload(){
                this.loading = true;
                this.tips = '正在上传中。。。';
                this.$refs.upload.submit();
              },
              ensure(){
                this.dialogVisible = false;
                this.loading = false;
              }
            }
        }
    </script>
    
    <style scoped>
      .uploadfile{
        width: 200px;
        height: 200px;
        position: absolute;
        top: 50%;
        left: 50%;
        margin-left: -100px;
        margin-top: -100px;
      }
       .loading{
        position: absolute;
        left: 0;
        top: 0;
        right: 0;
        bottom: 0;
        background: black;
        opacity: 0.8;
      }
      .progress{
        width: 200px;
        height: 200px;
        position: absolute;
        top: 50%;
        left: 50%;
        margin-left: -100px;
        margin-top: -100px;
      }
      .tips{
        color: #409eff;
        position: absolute;
        top: 50%;
        left: 50%;
        margin-left: -100px;
        margin-top: -150px;
      }
    
    </style>

[回到顶部][Link 1]

# 5.效果演示 #

主要说明原理，UI就自行发挥吧。  
![aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWcyMDE4LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMTQ2MDk5NS8yMDE4MDkvMTQ2MDk5NS0yMDE4MDkyNTE3MzcwODQzMy05OTI1MTEyNzguZ2lm][]

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原为链接：[https://www.cnblogs.com/wangjiachen666/p/9700730.html][https_www.cnblogs.com_wangjiachen666_p_9700730.html]

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[3.]: https://www.cnblogs.com/wangjiachen666/p/9700730.html#_label2
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[aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWcyMDE4LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMTQ2MDk5NS8yMDE4MDkvMTQ2MDk5NS0yMDE4MDkyNTE3MzcwODQzMy05OTI1MTEyNzguZ2lm]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWcyMDE4LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMTQ2MDk5NS8yMDE4MDkvMTQ2MDk5NS0yMDE4MDkyNTE3MzcwODQzMy05OTI1MTEyNzguZ2lm
[https_www.cnblogs.com_wangjiachen666_p_9700730.html]: https://www.cnblogs.com/wangjiachen666/p/9700730.html