虚拟机VirtualBox最详细安装教程

Dear 丶 2023-02-16 06:18 668阅读 0赞

linux虚拟机是一种安装在Windows上的虚拟linux操作环境，就被称为linux虚拟机。它实际上只是个文件而已，是虚拟的linux环境，而非真正意义上的操作系统。但是它们的实际效果是一样的。所以安装在虚拟机上使用好，接下来就讲一下虚拟机VBox安装linux。  
**安装步骤**  
1.启动VBox，在其主界面“主页”标签页中点击“新建”按钮打开新建向导  
2.名称和文件夹自己定义，文件夹喜欢放哪就放哪；  
类型选Linux,版本选Red Hat (64-bit),内存大小的话16G够用了，然后可以创建了  
![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3pwMTc4MzQ5OTQwNzE_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]  
3.然后就是创建虚拟硬盘，50G够用了，文件位置自己选择  
![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3pwMTc4MzQ5OTQwNzE_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]  
4.点击创建后，就创建成功了；  
5.这时点击"设置"按钮，常规选项选择：高级 共享粘帖版和拖放把“已禁用”改成“双向”，点击OK  
![20200608213005715.png][]  
6系统选项选择：主板 启动顺序勾上光驱和硬盘，取消软驱，光盘在前；处理器数量4CPU也行，自己选择，点击OK  
![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3pwMTc4MzQ5OTQwNzE_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]  
7.显示选项选择：屏幕 显示控制器 选择"VBoxVGA" ，点击OK  
![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3pwMTc4MzQ5OTQwNzE_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]  
8.存储 点击“没有盘片” 右边的分配光驱 点击像磁盘的图像 选择CentOS7镜像  
这里要下载CentOS7镜像推荐：阿里云站点：http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/isos/x86\_64/ 选 DVD-2003.iso,下载完后有4.45G左右大小，如果没有表示下载错误，重新下，下载好后注意一定不要解压；  
找到存放路径后选择：![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3pwMTc4MzQ5OTQwNzE_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]  
9声音 选项 勾上启用声音  
10网络选项 选择“网卡1”，连接方式选择“仅主机(Host-Only)网络” MAC地址，点击右边刷新；  
选择“网卡2” 勾上"启用网络连接",连接方式选择"网络地址转换(NAT)",MAC地址，也点击右边刷新  
![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3pwMTc4MzQ5OTQwNzE_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]  
这时就设置好了，启动这台虚拟机开始配置安装镜像centos7  
出现界面  
![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3pwMTc4MzQ5OTQwNzE_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]  
选择“Install CentOS 7” 确定 进入CentOS 7镜像开始配置

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3pwMTc4MzQ5OTQwNzE_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7][]  
选择右下角蓝色图标，点击2次，如果鼠标指示箭头消失，按下ctrl键就好了，进入下个页面

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3pwMTc4MzQ5OTQwNzE_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8][]  
然后选择时区"DATE &TIME"，写拼音上海就好了  
![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3pwMTc4MzQ5OTQwNzE_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9][]  
选完之后点击左上角蓝色图标Done,到选择界面然后选择NETWORK & HOST NAME, 开启2个网络  
![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3pwMTc4MzQ5OTQwNzE_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10][]选择enpos3和enpos8把右上角的"OFF"都改成“ON”，改完之后选择左上角的"Done  
再进入SYSTE进行选择  
![20200608225944471.png][]  
![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3pwMTc4MzQ5OTQwNzE_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11][]  
选完之后按左上角Done  
最后选择右下角"Begin Installation" 就等着安装，  
安装完成后会要求设置账号和密码，账号最好设置成“root”,密码的话最好越简单，越好  
记忆，设置好就进行登录请耐心等待，会跳到登录的黑界面，然后输入你设置好的账号和密码就好了。

**登录成功黑界面后，开始配置IP地址，测试网络有没有打通**  
1改主机名 便于操作和记忆  
hostnamectl set hostname xxx  
2配置网络IP地址  
vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp0s3  
3修改3个地方的配置  
BOOTPROTO=static  
ONBOOT=yes  
IPADDR=192.168.56.xxx 自己设置IP地址，前3个是你虚拟机的地址，创建好以后可以查看不能改，一定要记住  
4保存配置并退出  
:wq  
5重启网络  
systemctl restart network  
6测试网络连接 用百度网址  
ping www.baidu.com  
7出现百度网址的信息表示网络已打通，ctrl+c关闭测试网络  
8关闭和禁用防火墙  
systemctl stop firewalld  
systemctl disablefirewalld

最后恭喜安装成功了！

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