【Linux】CentOS 7 安装与基本配置

比眉伴天荒 2023-02-17 05:13 37阅读 0赞

本文使用 VMware 安装 CentOS 7,省略了使用 VMware 新建 CentOS 7 虚拟机的过程，若需要可以阅读另一篇文章：[安装 Ubuntu Server][Ubuntu Server]

## 安装 ##

*  安装 CentOS 7

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3NTgxMjgy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center]

*  选择语言（建议选择英文）

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3NTgxMjgy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 1]

*  设置安装位置，默认即可  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3NTgxMjgy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 2]  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3NTgxMjgy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 3]
 *  设置 Root 账户密码
    
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3NTgxMjgy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 4]  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3NTgxMjgy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 5]
    
    如果密码过于简单，需要点两次 `Done`
 *  等待安装完成
    
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3NTgxMjgy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 6]  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3NTgxMjgy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 7]
    
    重启~

## 配置 ##

*  激活网卡
    
     *  查看 ip 地址
    
        > ip addr
    
    ![在这里插入图片描述][20200612161555144.png_pic_center]
    
    发现只有一个本地回环地址，`ens33` 网卡需要手动激活
    
     *  激活网卡
    
        > vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
        ONBOOT=yes // 将 no 改为 yes
        > service network restart // 重启网络服务
    
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3NTgxMjgy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 8]
    
    网卡已激活
 *  安装 `ifconfig` 命令,因为安装的是 `Minimal` 最小安装包版，所以需要自己手动安装命令
    
        > yum install net-tools
    
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM3NTgxMjgy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 9]
 *  安装 `wget`
    
        yum -y install wget
 *  配置软件源
    
     *  备份
        
            mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup
     *  下载新的 ContOS-Base.repo 到 /etc/yum.repos.d
        
            wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
     *  生成缓存
        
            yum clean all
        
            yum makecache
 *  关闭防火墙
    
     *  查看防火墙状态
        
            firewall-cmd --state
            running // 若是 running，说明防火墙已开启，需要关闭
     *  关闭防火墙
        
            systemctl stop firewalld.service
     *  禁止开机重启
        
            systemctl disable firewalld.service

[Ubuntu Server]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_37581282/article/details/84438716
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