Centos7 /var目录扩容

悠悠 2023-02-17 05:29 11阅读 0赞

Centos在随着使用时间增加，/var目录提示空间不足，以下有两种解决方案。其他目录类似操作

## 一、默认磁盘安装的/var目录 ##

1、查看初始的磁盘目录

[root@localhost ~]# df -HT
    Filesystem              Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
    /dev/mapper/centos-root xfs        15G  1.1G   14G   8% /
    devtmpfs                devtmpfs  8.4G     0  8.4G   0% /dev
    tmpfs                   tmpfs     8.4G     0  8.4G   0% /dev/shm
    tmpfs                   tmpfs     8.4G   18M  8.4G   1% /run
    tmpfs                   tmpfs     8.4G     0  8.4G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
    /dev/sda1               xfs       1.1G  153M  912M  15% /boot
    tmpfs                   tmpfs     1.7G     0  1.7G   0% /run/user/0

2、在/var目录编译安装nginx，演示生产环境应用（具体查看[https://blog.csdn.net/tladagio/article/details/102551173][https_blog.csdn.net_tladagio_article_details_102551173]）

[root@localhost nginx-1.14.2]# ./configure --user=nginx --group=nginx --prefix=/var/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module

查看到安装路径

![20200612200204221.png][]

访问

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3RsYWRhZ2lv_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

3、服务器增加一块硬盘，分区并格式化（具体查看[https://blog.csdn.net/tladagio/article/details/106347445][https_blog.csdn.net_tladagio_article_details_106347445]）

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
    #查看结果
       Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/sdb1            2048     6291455     3144704   8e  Linux LVM
    
    #创建lvm
    [root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb1
    [root@localhost ~]# vgcreate my-vg /dev/sdb1
    [root@localhost ~]# lvcreate -n my-lv -L 2G my-vg
    [root@localhost ~]# mkfs -t xfs /dev/my-vg/my-lv

4、在足够空间的地方创建备份目录，移动/var目录数据

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir  /backup
    [root@localhost ~]# cp -a -p /var /backup/
    [root@localhost ~]# ll /backup/var/
    total 8
    drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root    6 Apr 11  2018 adm
    drwxr-xr-x.  5 root root   44 May  2 21:01 cache
    drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root    6 Nov  4  2018 crash
    drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root   34 Jun 12 07:32 db
    drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root   18 May  2 21:01 empty
    drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root    6 Apr 11  2018 games
    drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root    6 Apr 11  2018 gopher
    drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root   18 Mar 31 23:06 kerberos
    drwxr-xr-x. 25 root root 4096 May  2 21:17 lib
    drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root   19 Jun 12 07:56 local
    lrwxrwxrwx.  1 root root   11 May  2 20:58 lock -> ../run/lock
    drwxr-xr-x.  7 root root 4096 Jun 12 07:34 log
    lrwxrwxrwx.  1 root root   10 May  2 20:58 mail -> spool/mail
    drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root    6 Apr 11  2018 nis
    drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root    6 Apr 11  2018 opt
    drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root    6 Apr 11  2018 preserve
    lrwxrwxrwx.  1 root root    6 May  2 20:58 run -> ../run
    drwxr-xr-x.  8 root root   87 May  2 21:01 spool
    drwxrwxrwt.  4 root root  162 Jun 12 08:00 tmp
    drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root    6 Apr 11  2018 yp

\-a：保留权限，复制软链接本身，递归复制

\-p：连同档案的属性一起复制过去，而非使用预设属性

5、挂载新硬盘到/var目录

[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/my-vg/my-lv  /var

查看

[root@localhost ~]# df -HT
    Filesystem                Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
    /dev/mapper/centos-root   xfs        15G  1.6G   13G  11% /
    devtmpfs                  devtmpfs  8.4G     0  8.4G   0% /dev
    tmpfs                     tmpfs     8.4G     0  8.4G   0% /dev/shm
    tmpfs                     tmpfs     8.4G   18M  8.4G   1% /run
    tmpfs                     tmpfs     8.4G     0  8.4G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
    /dev/sda1                 xfs       1.1G  153M  912M  15% /boot
    tmpfs                     tmpfs     1.7G     0  1.7G   0% /run/user/0
    /dev/mapper/my--vg-my--lv xfs       2.2G   34M  2.2G   2% /var

6、恢复数据

[root@localhost ~]# cp -a -p /backup/var/* /var

7、查看nginx应用

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3RsYWRhZ2lv_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

至此扩容完成

## 二、单独lvm的/var目录 ##

1、查看初始的磁盘目录

[root@localhost ~]# df -HT
    Filesystem              Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
    devtmpfs                devtmpfs  4.1G     0  4.1G   0% /dev
    tmpfs                   tmpfs     4.2G     0  4.2G   0% /dev/shm
    tmpfs                   tmpfs     4.2G  9.3M  4.1G   1% /run
    tmpfs                   tmpfs     4.2G     0  4.2G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
    /dev/mapper/centos-root xfs        11G  2.2G  8.1G  21% /
    /dev/mapper/centos-var  xfs       2.2G  145M  2.0G   7% /var
    /dev/mapper/centos-home xfs       2.2G   34M  2.2G   2% /home
    /dev/sda1               xfs       521M  145M  377M  28% /boot
    tmpfs                   tmpfs     821M     0  821M   0% /run/user/0

2、在/var目录编译安装好nginx，演示生产环境某个应用

3、服务器增加一个硬盘并分区

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l
    ...
    Disk /dev/sdb: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes, 8388608 sectors
    Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    Disk label type: dos
    Disk identifier: 0x2e0f7732
    
       Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/sdb1            2048     8388607     4193280   8e  Linux LVM

4、查看var所在的卷组（查看到VG Name：centos）

[root@localhost ~]# lvdisplay
    ....  
    --- Logical volume ---
      LV Path                /dev/centos/var
      LV Name                var
      VG Name                centos
      LV UUID                rRzpmV-wmlt-0IHk-KBR8-rRRy-BBxs-VJ92E5
      LV Write Access        read/write
      LV Creation host, time localhost, 2020-06-12 16:37:42 -0400
      LV Status              available
      # open                 1
      LV Size                2.00 GiB
      Current LE             512
      Segments               1
      Allocation             inherit
      Read ahead sectors     auto
      - currently set to     8192
      Block device           253:3
    
    #VG默认信息
    [root@localhost ~]# vgdisplay 
      --- Volume group ---
      VG Name               centos
      System ID             
      Format                lvm2
      Metadata Areas        1
      Metadata Sequence No  5
      VG Access             read/write
      VG Status             resizable
      MAX LV                0
      Cur LV                4
      Open LV               4
      Max PV                0
      Cur PV                1
      Act PV                1
      VG Size               <15.51 GiB
      PE Size               4.00 MiB
      Total PE              3970
      Alloc PE / Size       3969 / 15.50 GiB
      Free  PE / Size       1 / 4.00 MiB
      VG UUID               fvDOrI-1z8x-7Lkq-s8kR-9UfE-UpEa-BkVVjH

5、扩容/var目录所在的vg和lv

#扩容VG
    [root@localhost ~]# vgextend centos /dev/sdb1 
      Volume group "centos" successfully extended
    
    #扩容LV
    [root@localhost ~]# lvextend -L +2G /dev/centos/var 
      Size of logical volume centos/var changed from 2.00 GiB (512 extents) to 4.00 GiB (1024 extents).
      Logical volume centos/var successfully resized.
    
    #更新
    [root@localhost ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/centos/var

6、查看磁盘空间

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3RsYWRhZ2lv_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

5、查看应用

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3RsYWRhZ2lv_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

至此扩容完成

[https_blog.csdn.net_tladagio_article_details_102551173]: https://blog.csdn.net/tladagio/article/details/102551173
[20200612200204221.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200612200204221.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3RsYWRhZ2lv_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200612200335241.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3RsYWRhZ2lv,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[https_blog.csdn.net_tladagio_article_details_106347445]: https://blog.csdn.net/tladagio/article/details/106347445
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3RsYWRhZ2lv_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200612201918184.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3RsYWRhZ2lv,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3RsYWRhZ2lv_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200612221313269.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3RsYWRhZ2lv,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3RsYWRhZ2lv_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200612221333712.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3RsYWRhZ2lv,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70