Nacos使用详细

我会带着你远行 2023-02-17 06:15 13阅读 0赞

## Nacos使用 详细 ##

nacos资料获取：

wiki:https://github.com/alibaba/spring-cloud-alibaba/wiki/Nacos-discovery

官网：

https://nacos.io/zh-cn/docs/quick-start.html

## 是什么 ##

一句话：服务注册发现 + 配置

nacos = euraka + config +bus

## 安装运行 ##

github下载使用

git clone https://github.com/alibaba/nacos.git
    cd nacos/
    mvn -Prelease-nacos -Dmaven.test.skip=true clean install -U  
    ls -al distribution/target/
    
    // change the $version to your actual path
    cd distribution/target/nacos-server-$version/nacos/bin

Linux/Unix/Mac
    启动命令(standalone代表着单机模式运行，非集群模式):
    
    sh startup.sh -m standalone
    
    如果您使用的是ubuntu系统，或者运行脚本报错提示[[符号找不到，可尝试如下运行：
    
    bash startup.sh -m standalone
    
    Windows
    启动命令：
    
    cmd startup.cmd
    
    或者双击startup.cmd运行文件。

## 登录界面 ##

本人使用的是1.1.4版本的 大家可以根据自己的需要下载最新的

使用的源码编译版本

http://localhost:8848/nacos/\#/login

用户名 nacos

密码 nacos

## 单机版集成Springboot ##

### 服务提供者 ###

父pom

<packaging>pom</packaging>
    
        
        <properties>
            <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
            <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
            <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
            <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
            <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
            <lombok.version>1.16.18</lombok.version>
            <mysql.version>8.0.18</mysql.version>
            <druid.version>1.1.16</druid.version>
            <druid.spring.boot.starter.version>1.1.10</druid.spring.boot.starter.version>
            <spring.boot.version>2.2.2.RELEASE</spring.boot.version>
            <spring.cloud.version>Hoxton.SR1</spring.cloud.version>
            <spring.cloud.alibaba.version>2.1.0.RELEASE</spring.cloud.alibaba.version>
            <mybatis.spring.boot.version>1.3.0</mybatis.spring.boot.version>
            <mybatis-spring-boot-starter.version>2.1.1</mybatis-spring-boot-starter.version>
            <hutool-all.version>5.1.0</hutool-all.version>
        </properties>
    
        <distributionManagement>
            <site>
                <id>website</id>
                <url>scp://webhost.company.com/www/website</url>
            </site>
        </distributionManagement>
    
        
        <dependencyManagement>
            <dependencies>
                
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
                    <version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version>
                    <type>pom</type>
                    <scope>import</scope>
                </dependency>
                
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                    <version>Hoxton.SR1</version>
                    <type>pom</type>
                    <scope>import</scope>
                </dependency>
                
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
                    <version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
                    <type>pom</type>
                    <scope>import</scope>
                </dependency>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                    <version>${mysql.version}</version>
                </dependency>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                    <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
                    <version>${druid.version}</version>
                </dependency>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                    <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
                    <version>${druid.spring.boot.starter.version}</version>
                </dependency>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
                    <version>${mybatis-spring-boot-starter.version}</version>
                </dependency>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                    <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                    <version>${lombok.version}</version>
                </dependency>
            </dependencies>
        </dependencyManagement>
    
    
        
        <repositories>
            <repository>
                <id>nexus-aliyun</id>
                <name>Nexus aliyun</name>
                <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public</url>
                <releases>
                    <enabled>true</enabled>
                </releases>
                <snapshots>
                    <enabled>false</enabled>
                </snapshots>
            </repository>
        </repositories>

子pom

<artifactId>springcloud-alibaba-nacos-provider9001</artifactId>
        <dependencies>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                <optional>true</optional>
            </dependency>
    
        </dependencies>

server:
      port: 9001
    
    spring:
      application:
        name: nacos-provider
      cloud:
        nacos:
          discovery:
            server-addr: localhost:8848 #配置Nacos地址
    
    management:
      endpoints:
        web:
          exposure:
            include: '*'

main

@SpringBootApplication
    @EnableDiscoveryClient
    public class NacosProvider9001 { 
        public static void main(String[] args) { 
            SpringApplication.run(NacosProvider9001.class,args);
        }
    }

controller

@RestController
    public class ProviderController { 
        @Value("${server.port}")
        private String serverPort;
    
        @GetMapping(value = "/payment/nacos/{id}")
        public String getPayment(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) { 
            return "Hello Nacos Discovery: " + serverPort + "\t id: " + id;
        }
    }

### 服务消费者 ###

父子pom和提供者一样

yml

server:
      port: 83
    
    spring:
      application:
        name: nacos-order-consumer
      cloud:
        nacos:
          discovery:
            server-addr: localhost:8848 #配置Nacos地址
    
    #消费者将去访问的微服务名称（注册成功进nacos的微服务提供者）
    service-url:
      nacos-user-service: http://nacos-payment-provider

main

@SpringBootApplication
    @EnableDiscoveryClient
    public class OrderNacosMain83 { 
    
        public static void main(String[] args) { 
            SpringApplication.run(OrderNacosMain83.class,args);
        }
    }

config

@Configuration
    public class ApplicationContextConfig { 
    
        @Bean
        @LoadBalanced
        public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() { 
            return new RestTemplate();
        }
    }

controller

@RestController
    @Slf4j
    public class OrderNacosController { 
    
        @Resource
        private RestTemplate restTemplate;
    
        @Value("${service-url.nacos-user-service}")
        private String serverURL;
    
        @GetMapping(value = "/consumer/payment/nacos/{id}")
        public String paymentInfo(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) { 
            return restTemplate.getForObject(serverURL + "/payment/nacos/" + id,String.class);
        }
    
    }

启动运行  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NteDEwNjAyMjAyMTk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

消费者调用

![在这里插入图片描述][20200612203337550.png]

### 服务配置 ###

pom

<dependencies>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                <optional>true</optional>
            </dependency>
    
        </dependencies>

bootstrap.yml

server:
      port: 3377
    
    spring:
      application:
        name: nacos-config-client
      cloud:
        nacos:
          discovery:
            server-addr: localhost:8848 #Nacos服务注册中心地址
          config:
            server-addr: localhost:8848 #Nacos作为配置中心地址
            file-extension: yaml #指定yaml格式配置
            group: DEFAULT_GROUP
            namespace: e4b407e8-cfc2-4143-98d0-f0aca5fb4ed7
    
    #${prefix}-${spring.profile.active}.${file-extension}
    # ${spring.application.name}-${spring.profile.active}.${file-extension}
    # nacos-config-client-dev.yml

application.yml

spring:
      profiles:
        active: dev
      #active: dev #表示开发环境

nacos配置分为namespace group DataID

因此需要现在nacos中配置对应的配置文件（springcloud config是在git中配置）

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NteDEwNjAyMjAyMTk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]  
实时更改配置 代码中的配置文件会跟着变化 不需要重启组件

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NteDEwNjAyMjAyMTk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]

## 集群持久化Nacos ##

### 步骤 ###

### 1.需要 一个Nginx 3个nacos 1个mysql ###

### 2.Nacos linux版下载 ###

可以去github下载 很慢 尝试失败了

去gitee下载 自己打包使用

https://gitee.com/mirrors/Nacos/blob/1.1.4/.gitattributes

使用指令

mvn -Prelease-nacos clean install -U
        //生成路径
        //E:\星仔说博客\nacos\Nacos\distribution\target

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NteDEwNjAyMjAyMTk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]

### 3.linux 上传解压 ###

tar -zxvf nacos-server-1.1.4.tar.gz

![在这里插入图片描述][20200612203600208.png]

### 4.mysql配置 ###

copy数据库脚本 在mysql中执行

数据库脚本在 conf/nacos-mysql.sql  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NteDEwNjAyMjAyMTk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]

在conf/appilication.propertites中增加数据库信息 可以参考再带的example

spring.datasource.platform=mysql
    db.num=1
    db.url.0=jdbc:mysql://10.16.80.101:3306/cmx?characterEncoding=utf8&connectTimeout=1000&socketTimeout=3000&autoReconnect=true
    db.user=root
    db.password=123

实际执行中遇到的问题

本地mysql的版本是8.x的

nacos是5.x的导致数据库配置不成功 进程起不来

https://blog.csdn.net/u012480990/article/details/102780908

使用下面的博客配置 8.x的mysql(注意文章中的是**替换** 不是注释重写 阿里会有pmd检查注释的话会过不了)

另外我的数据库不是安装在liunx上的 是安装在windows上的需要增加连接权限

https://blog.csdn.net/shenhonglei1234/article/details/84786443

#创建账户
    create user 'root'@'172.16.10.203' identified by  'password'
    
    #赋予权限，with grant option这个选项表示该用户可以将自己拥有的权限授权给别人
    grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'172.16.10.203' with grant option
    
    #改密码&授权超用户，flush privileges 命令本质上的作用是将当前user和privilige表中的用户信息/权限设置从mysql库(MySQL数据库的内置库)中提取到内存里
    flush privileges;

### 5.配置nacos集群 ###

在一台机器上模拟 你可以使用三台机器去做

在conf文件夹下新增 cluster.conf文件 参考cluster.conf.example

注意ip 不要使用127.0.0.1 使用hostname -i能识别的ip

#it is ip
    #example
    10.33.43.36:3333
    10.33.43.36:4444
    10.33.43.36:5555

### 6。修改启动脚本 ###

nacos本质也是springboot的进程 和普通的启动脚本类似 修改即可

#!/bin/sh
    
    # Copyright 1999-2018 Alibaba Group Holding Ltd.
    # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
    # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
    # You may obtain a copy of the License at
    
    #      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
    #
    # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
    # distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
    # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
    # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
    # limitations under the License.
    
    cygwin=false
    darwin=false
    os400=false
    case "`uname`" in
    CYGWIN*) cygwin=true;;
    Darwin*) darwin=true;;
    OS400*) os400=true;;
    esac
    error_exit ()
    {
        echo "ERROR: $1 !!"
        exit 1
    }
    [ ! -e "$JAVA_HOME/bin/java" ] && JAVA_HOME=$HOME/jdk/java
    [ ! -e "$JAVA_HOME/bin/java" ] && JAVA_HOME=/usr/java
    [ ! -e "$JAVA_HOME/bin/java" ] && JAVA_HOME=/opt/taobao/java
    [ ! -e "$JAVA_HOME/bin/java" ] && unset JAVA_HOME
    
    if [ -z "$JAVA_HOME" ]; then
      if $darwin; then
    
        if [ -x '/usr/libexec/java_home' ] ; then
          export JAVA_HOME=`/usr/libexec/java_home`
    
        elif [ -d "/System/Library/Frameworks/JavaVM.framework/Versions/CurrentJDK/Home" ]; then
          export JAVA_HOME="/System/Library/Frameworks/JavaVM.framework/Versions/CurrentJDK/Home"
        fi
      else
        JAVA_PATH=`dirname $(readlink -f $(which javac))`
        if [ "x$JAVA_PATH" != "x" ]; then
          export JAVA_HOME=`dirname $JAVA_PATH 2>/dev/null`
        fi
      fi
      if [ -z "$JAVA_HOME" ]; then
            error_exit "Please set the JAVA_HOME variable in your environment, We need java(x64)! jdk8 or later is better!"
      fi
    fi
    
    export SERVER="nacos-server"
    export MODE="cluster"
    export FUNCTION_MODE="all"
    while getopts ":m:f:s:p:" opt
    do
        case $opt in
            m)
                MODE=$OPTARG;;
            f)
                FUNCTION_MODE=$OPTARG;;
            s)
                SERVER=$OPTARG;;
    		p)
                PORT=$OPTARG;;
            ?)
            echo "Unknown parameter"
            exit 1;;
        esac
    done
    
    export JAVA_HOME
    export JAVA="$JAVA_HOME/bin/java"
    export BASE_DIR=`cd $(dirname $0)/..; pwd`
    export DEFAULT_SEARCH_LOCATIONS="classpath:/,classpath:/config/,file:./,file:./config/"
    export CUSTOM_SEARCH_LOCATIONS=${DEFAULT_SEARCH_LOCATIONS},file:${BASE_DIR}/conf/
    
    #===========================================================================================
    # JVM Configuration
    #===========================================================================================
    if [[ "${MODE}" == "standalone" ]]; then
        JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -Xms512m -Xmx512m -Xmn256m"
        JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -Dnacos.standalone=true"
    else
        JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -server -Xms2g -Xmx2g -Xmn1g -XX:MetaspaceSize=128m -XX:MaxMetaspaceSize=320m"
        JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -XX:-OmitStackTraceInFastThrow -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -XX:HeapDumpPath=${BASE_DIR}/logs/java_heapdump.hprof"
        JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -XX:-UseLargePages"
    
    fi
    
    if [[ "${FUNCTION_MODE}" == "config" ]]; then
        JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -Dnacos.functionMode=config"
    elif [[ "${FUNCTION_MODE}" == "naming" ]]; then
        JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -Dnacos.functionMode=naming"
    fi
    
    
    JAVA_MAJOR_VERSION=$($JAVA -version 2>&1 | sed -E -n 's/.* version "([0-9]*).*$/\1/p')
    if [[ "$JAVA_MAJOR_VERSION" -ge "9" ]] ; then
      JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -cp .:${BASE_DIR}/plugins/cmdb/*.jar:${BASE_DIR}/plugins/mysql/*.jar"
      JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -Xlog:gc*:file=${BASE_DIR}/logs/nacos_gc.log:time,tags:filecount=10,filesize=102400"
    else
      JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -Djava.ext.dirs=${JAVA_HOME}/jre/lib/ext:${JAVA_HOME}/lib/ext:${BASE_DIR}/plugins/cmdb:${BASE_DIR}/plugins/mysql"
      JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -Xloggc:${BASE_DIR}/logs/nacos_gc.log -verbose:gc -XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:+PrintGCDateStamps -XX:+PrintGCTimeStamps -XX:+UseGCLogFileRotation -XX:NumberOfGCLogFiles=10 -XX:GCLogFileSize=100M"
    fi
    
    JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -Xdebug -Xrunjdwp:transport=dt_socket,server=y,suspend=n,address=8000"
    JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -Dnacos.home=${BASE_DIR}"
    JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -Dloader.path=${BASE_DIR}/plugins/health -jar ${BASE_DIR}/target/${SERVER}.jar"
    JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} ${JAVA_OPT_EXT}"
    JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} --spring.config.location=${CUSTOM_SEARCH_LOCATIONS}"
    JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} --logging.config=${BASE_DIR}/conf/nacos-logback.xml"
    JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} --server.max-http-header-size=524288"
    
    if [ ! -d "${BASE_DIR}/logs" ]; then
      mkdir ${BASE_DIR}/logs
    fi
    
    echo "$JAVA ${JAVA_OPT}"
    
    if [[ "${MODE}" == "standalone" ]]; then
        echo "nacos is starting with standalone"
    else
        echo "nacos is starting with cluster"
    fi
    
    # check the start.out log output file
    if [ ! -f "${BASE_DIR}/logs/start.out" ]; then
      touch "${BASE_DIR}/logs/start.out"
    fi
    # start
    echo "$JAVA ${JAVA_OPT}" > ${BASE_DIR}/logs/start.out 2>&1 &
    nohup $JAVA -Dserver.port=${PORT} ${JAVA_OPT} nacos.nacos >> ${BASE_DIR}/logs/start.out 2>&1 &
    echo "nacos is starting，you can check the ${BASE_DIR}/logs/start.out"

主要修改如下

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NteDEwNjAyMjAyMTk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]

执行方式 变成

./startup.sh -p 3333

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NteDEwNjAyMjAyMTk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]

### 7.nginx配置 ###

修改nginx的conf文件 nginx 不多做解释 自行百度即可

upstream cluster{
    		server 127.0.0.1:3333;
    		server 127.0.0.1:4444;
    		server 127.0.0.1:5555;
    	}
    	server{
    		listen       6002;
            server_name  localhost;
    		
    		location / {
                #root   html;
                #index  index.html index.htm;
    			proxy_pass http://cluster;
            }
    	}

热部署nginx

./nginx -s reload

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NteDEwNjAyMjAyMTk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2020061220331230.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NteDEwNjAyMjAyMTk=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[20200612203337550.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200612203337550.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NteDEwNjAyMjAyMTk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200612203433270.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NteDEwNjAyMjAyMTk=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NteDEwNjAyMjAyMTk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200612203507203.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NteDEwNjAyMjAyMTk=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
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[20200612203600208.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200612203600208.png
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