SpringMVC框架搭建流程（完整详细版）

女爷i 2023-02-18 03:19 17阅读 0赞

### SpringMVC框架搭建流程 ###

开发过程

1）配置DispatcherServlet前端控制器

2）开发处理具体业务逻辑的Handler（@Controller、 @RequestMapping）

3） xml配置⽂件配置controller扫描，配置springmvc三⼤件

4）将xml⽂件路径告诉springmvc（DispatcherServlet）

详细流程：

### 创建目录 ###

新建maven项目，注意选择webapp骨架。  
![format_png][]

创建成功之后会发现没有src等目录，这些需要我们手动创建：  
![format_png 1][]  
在src下面新建main，main下面新建java目录，选择java目录，右键，  
![format_png 2][]

在main下面继续新建resource目录，选择resource目录，右键，  
![format_png 3][]

### pom.xml ###

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <groupId>com.lagou.edu</groupId>
        <artifactId>springmvc-demo</artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <packaging>war</packaging>
    
        <properties>
            <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
            <maven.compiler.source>11</maven.compiler.source>
            <maven.compiler.target>11</maven.compiler.target>
        </properties>
    
        <dependencies>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.12.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    
        <build>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
                    <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.2</version>
                    <configuration>
                        <port>8080</port>
                        <path>/</path>
                    </configuration>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>
    </project>

注意Tomcat7插件是用来运行项目的，右侧运行：  
![format_png 4][]

### springmvc相关配置 ###

main文件夹下面新建webapp文件夹，webapp下面新建WEB-INF，下面新建web.xml

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN" "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
    
    <web-app>
      <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
    
      <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
          <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
          <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
      </servlet>
      <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    
        
        
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
      </servlet-mapping>
    </web-app>

里面配置了springmvc相关的配置，引入了springmvc.xml:  
在resource目录下新建springmvc.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd ">
    
        
        
        <context:component-scan base-package="com.lagou.edu.controller"/>
    
    
        
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
            <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
            <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
        </bean>
    
    
        
        <mvc:annotation-driven/>
    
    
    
    </beans>

在java目录下新建包com.lagou.edu.controller,下面新建DemoController:

package com.lagou.edu.controller;
    
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
    
    import java.util.Date;
    
    /** * @author lyj * @Title: DemoController * @ProjectName springmvc-demo * @Description: TODO * @date 2020/6/9 21:21 */
    @Controller
    @RequestMapping("/demo")
    public class DemoController { 
        /** * http://localhost:8080/demo/handle01 */
        @RequestMapping("/handle01")
        public ModelAndView handle01(){ 
            Date date=new Date();
    
            ModelAndView modelAndView=new ModelAndView();
            modelAndView.addObject("date",date);
            modelAndView.setViewName("success");
            return modelAndView;
        }
    }

在WEB-INF下面新建jsp文件夹，下面新建success.jsp:

<%@ page language="java" isELIgnored="false" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title>Title</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    当前时间 ${date}
    </body>
    </html>

完毕后整个项目结构如下：  
![format_png 5][]

### 测试： ###

![format_png 6][]

![format_png 7][]

浏览器访问：  
![format_png 8][] \-------文末：

## 欢迎访问： ##

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