Java邮箱验证码工具类的使用和校验注册

我会带着你远行 2023-02-18 09:44 23阅读 0赞

### Java邮箱验证码工具类的使用和校验注册 ###

*   *   *  1. 步骤和工具类
         *  2. 邮件验证码注册demo
         *  3. 测试截图

### 1. 步骤和工具类 ###

首先需要准备的东西 我这里以QQ邮箱为例。

1.  **点击 `设置` \->`账户`，找到这个页面：**

![image-20200616230717936][]

1.  **拿到授权码 并保存好：**

![image-20200616230755407][]

1.  **MailUtil 工具类：**

package com.mailtest.demo;
    
    import javax.mail.*;
    import javax.mail.internet.AddressException;
    import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
    import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
    import java.util.Properties;
    
    public class MailUtil { 
        public static void main(String[] args) { 
            sendMail("邮件接收者@qq.com","发送的信息");
        }
    
        /** * 外网邮件发送 * * @param to * @param code */
        public static void sendMail(String to, String code) { 
            String myEmailAddr = "邮件发送者@qq.com";
            
            // Session对象:
            Properties props = new Properties();
            props.setProperty("mail.smtp.host", "smtp.qq.com"); // 设置主机地址
            // smtp.163.com
            // smtp.qq.com
            // smtp.sina.com
            props.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true");// 认证
            // 2.产生一个用于邮件发送的Session对象
            Session session = Session.getInstance(props);
    
            // Message对象:
            Message message = new MimeMessage(session);
            // 设置发件人：
            try { 
                // 4.设置消息的发送者
                Address fromAddr = new InternetAddress(myEmailAddr);
                message.setFrom(fromAddr);
    
                // 5.设置消息的接收者 nkpxcloxbtpxdjai
                Address toAddr = new InternetAddress(to);
                // TO 直接发送 CC抄送 BCC密送
                message.setRecipient(MimeMessage.RecipientType.TO, toAddr);
    
                // 6.设置主题
                message.setSubject("来自*****系统的验证码");
                // 7.设置正文
                message.setContent("这里是邮件的正文信息\n\n您的验证码为：" + code, "text/html;charset=UTF-8");
    
                // 8.准备发送，得到火箭
                Transport transport = session.getTransport("smtp");
                // 9.设置火箭的发射目标
                //transport.connect("smtp.163.com", "发送者@163.com", "biao********");
                transport.connect("smtp.qq.com", myEmailAddr, "jxzk*******");//jxzk..这个就是你的授权码
                // 10.发送
                transport.sendMessage(message, message.getAllRecipients());
    
                // Transport对象:
                // Transport.send(message);
            } catch (AddressException e) { 
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (MessagingException e) { 
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

### 2. 邮件验证码注册demo ###

源码结构（使用 Maven 配置demo）：

![image-20200617095450407][]

*  MailUtil.java 简单优化（只需要修改 `myEmail` 和 `16位邮箱授权码` 即可）。

package com.demo.utils;
    
    import javax.mail.Address;
    import javax.mail.Message;
    import javax.mail.Session;
    import javax.mail.Transport;
    import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
    import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
    import java.util.Properties;
    
    public class MailUtil { 
        /** * 外网邮件发送 * * @param to 收件人邮箱地址 收件人@xx.com * @param code 传入的验证码 */
        public static void sendMail(String to, String code) { 
            String myEmail = "QQ邮箱@qq.com";
            // Session对象:
            Properties props = new Properties();
            props.setProperty("mail.smtp.host", "smtp.qq.com"); // 设置主机地址
            // smtp.163.com
            // smtp.qq.com
            // smtp.sina.com
            props.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true");// 认证
            // 2.产生一个用于邮件发送的Session对象
            Session session = Session.getInstance(props);
    
            // Message对象:
            Message message = new MimeMessage(session);
            // 设置发件人：
            try { 
                // 4.设置消息的发送者
                Address fromAddr = new InternetAddress(myEmail);
                message.setFrom(fromAddr);
    
                // 5.设置消息的接收者 nkpxcloxbtpxdjai
                Address toAddr = new InternetAddress(to);
                // TO 直接发送 CC抄送 BCC密送
                message.setRecipient(MimeMessage.RecipientType.TO, toAddr);
    
                // 6.设置邮件标题
                message.setSubject("来自 " + myEmail + " 的安全验证码");
                // 7.设置正文
                message.setContent("这里是邮件的正文信息\n\n您的验证码为：" + code, "text/html;charset=UTF-8");
    
                // 8.准备发送，得到火箭
                Transport transport = session.getTransport("smtp");
                // 9.设置火箭的发射目标（第三个参数就是你的邮箱授权码）
                //transport.connect("smtp.163.com", "发送者@163.com", "abcdefghabcdefgh");
                transport.connect("smtp.qq.com", myEmail, "16位授权码");
                // 10.发送
                transport.sendMessage(message, message.getAllRecipients());
    
                // Transport对象:
                // Transport.send(message);
            } catch (Exception e) { 
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    
        public static String generateRandomCode(int length) { 
            String s = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789";
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            while (sb.length() < length) { 
                // 0 ~ s.length()-1
                int index = (new java.util.Random()).nextInt(s.length());
                // 处理重复字符：每个新的随机字符在 sb 中使用indexOf()查找下标值，-1为没找到，即不重复
                Character ch = s.charAt(index);
                if (sb.indexOf(ch.toString()) < 0) { 
                    sb.append(ch);
                }
            }
            return sb.toString();
        }
    }

*  pom.xml 配置依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <groupId>com.demo</groupId>
        <artifactId>mailTest</artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    
        <packaging>war</packaging>
    
        <dependencies>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
                <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
                <version>3.1.0</version>
                <scope>provided</scope>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
                <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
                <version>2.0</version>
                <scope>provided</scope>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.sun.mail</groupId>
                <artifactId>javax.mail</artifactId>
                <version>1.6.2</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>log4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
                <version>1.2.17</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>junit</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
                <version>RELEASE</version>
                <scope>compile</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    
    </project>

*  register.jsp 简陋但极速的注册页

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
    <html>
    <head>
        <title>邮箱验证码测试</title>
        <script src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/js/jquery-3.5.1.min.js"></script>
        <script> $(function () { sendMail(); }); // 异步请求发送邮件 var code; function sendMail() { $("#sendMailBtn").click(function () { var emailAddr = $("#emailAddr").val(); $.ajax({ type: "post", url: "${pageContext.request.contextPath}/toSendMail", async: false, //为了拿到验证码返回，需使用同步，ajax 执行完，才 return code data:{ "email": emailAddr }, success: function (data) { console.log("收到：" + data); code = data; }, }); $('#mailSpan').text("√ 邮件已发送！"); }); return code; } // form表单根据邮件验证码输入是否一致，决定是否拦截提交 function checkAll() { var code = $("input[name='mailCode']").val(); var sysCode = sendMail(); console.log(code + " === " + sysCode); return sysCode === code; } </script>
    </head>
    <body>
    
    <h2>Mailbox Verification:</h2>
    <br>
    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/register" method="post" onsubmit="return checkAll()">
        账号：<input type="text" name="username"/> <br><br>
        密码：<input type="password" name="password"/> <br><br>
        邮箱：<input type="email" name="email" id="emailAddr"/>
        <%-- 点击按钮进入异步请求，发送邮箱验证码 --%>
        <input type="button" value="发送验证码" id="sendMailBtn">
        <span id="mailSpan" style="color: green"></span><br><br>
        邮箱验证码：<input type="text" name="mailCode"> <br><br>
        <input type="submit" value="注册" />
    </form>
    
    </body>
    </html>

*  SendMailServlet.java 生成并相应 邮箱验证码 到页面

package com.demo.controller;
    
    import com.demo.utils.MailUtil;
    
    import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.util.logging.Logger;
    
    @WebServlet(name = "SendMailServlet", urlPatterns = "/toSendMail")
    public class SendMailServlet extends javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet { 
        protected void doPost(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest request, javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse response) throws javax.servlet.ServletException, IOException { 
            String emailAddr = request.getParameter("email");
            String randomCode = MailUtil.generateRandomCode(5);
    
            MailUtil.sendMail(emailAddr, randomCode);
            // 响应异步请求（内容为邮箱验证码）
            response.getWriter().write(randomCode);
            Logger.getGlobal().info("邮件验证码已发送！");
        }
    
        protected void doGet(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest request, javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse response) throws javax.servlet.ServletException, IOException { 
            doPost(request, response);
        }
    }

*  RegisterServlet.java 就一句，没啥说的。

package com.demo.controller;
    
    import javax.servlet.ServletException;
    import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    import java.io.IOException;
    
    @WebServlet(name = "RegisterServlet", urlPatterns = "/register")
    public class RegisterServlet extends HttpServlet { 
        protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { 
            System.out.println("register success!!!");
        }
    
        protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { 
            doPost(request, response);
        }
    }

*  TestMail.java 测试类，你懂的。

package com.demo.test;
    
    import com.demo.utils.MailUtil;
    import org.junit.Test;
    
    import static com.demo.utils.MailUtil.sendMail;
    
    public class TestMail { 
        @Test
        public void test() { 
            String emailAddr = "3288983638@qq.com";
            // 生成验证码，参数为 随机验证码位数
            String randomCode = MailUtil.generateRandomCode(5);
    
            sendMail(emailAddr, randomCode);
            //sendMail("邮件接收者@qq.com","发送的信息");
        }
    }

### 3. 测试截图 ###

![image-20200617100406306][]

![image-20200617100423920][]

![image-20200617100507503][]

![image-20200617100541261][]

[image-20200616230717936]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cHM6Ly9qeS1pbWdzLm9zcy1jbi1iZWlqaW5nLmFsaXl1bmNzLmNvbS9pbWcvMjAyMDA2MTYyMzA3MTkucG5n?x-oss-process=image/format,png
[image-20200616230755407]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cHM6Ly9qeS1pbWdzLm9zcy1jbi1iZWlqaW5nLmFsaXl1bmNzLmNvbS9pbWcvMjAyMDA2MTcwODE2MTkucG5n?x-oss-process=image/format,png
[image-20200617095450407]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cHM6Ly9qeS1pbWdzLm9zcy1jbi1iZWlqaW5nLmFsaXl1bmNzLmNvbS9pbWcvMjAyMDA2MTcwOTU0NTIucG5n?x-oss-process=image/format,png
[image-20200617100406306]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cHM6Ly9qeS1pbWdzLm9zcy1jbi1iZWlqaW5nLmFsaXl1bmNzLmNvbS9pbWcvMjAyMDA2MTcxMDA0MDgucG5n?x-oss-process=image/format,png
[image-20200617100423920]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cHM6Ly9qeS1pbWdzLm9zcy1jbi1iZWlqaW5nLmFsaXl1bmNzLmNvbS9pbWcvMjAyMDA2MTcxMDA0MjUucG5n?x-oss-process=image/format,png
[image-20200617100507503]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cHM6Ly9qeS1pbWdzLm9zcy1jbi1iZWlqaW5nLmFsaXl1bmNzLmNvbS9pbWcvMjAyMDA2MTcxMDA1MDgucG5n?x-oss-process=image/format,png
[image-20200617100541261]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cHM6Ly9qeS1pbWdzLm9zcy1jbi1iZWlqaW5nLmFsaXl1bmNzLmNvbS9pbWcvMjAyMDA2MTcxMDA1NDIucG5n?x-oss-process=image/format,png