CentOS7 jenkins安装与使用(远程部署spring boot)

Dear 丶 2023-02-22 10:37 8阅读 0赞

## 1. jdk环境 ##

### 下载安装包 ###

https://www.oracle.com/java/technologies/javase-jdk11-downloads.html

### 安装 ###

sudo rpm -ivh jdk-11.0.7_linux-x64_bin.rpm

### 配置Java可选路径 ###

因为Jenkins默认的java可选路径不包含我们部署的jdk路径，所以这里要配置一下，不然Jenkins服务会启动失败

#修改jenkins启动脚本
    sudo vi /etc/init.d/jenkins
    
    #修改candidates增加java可选路径：/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_181/bin/java
    candidates=" /etc/alternatives/java /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0/bin/java /usr/lib/jvm/jre-1.8.0/bin/java /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0/bin/java /usr/lib/jvm/jre-1.7.0/bin/java /usr/bin/java /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_181/bin/java "

## 2. 安装jenkins ##

### a. 命令安装 ###

*  yum源导入

#添加Yum源
    sudo wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/jenkins.repo https://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat-stable/jenkins.repo
    
    #导入密钥
    sudo rpm --import https://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat-stable/jenkins.io.key

*  安装

sudo yum install -y jenkins

### b. 下载包安装 ###

#### 下载安装包 ####

https://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat-stable/

#### 安装 ####

sudo rpm -ivh jenkins-2.235.1-1.1.noarch.rpm

## 3. 开放端口 ##

Jenkins站点的默认监听端口是`8080`

sudo firewall-cmd --add-port=8080/tcp --permanent
    sudo firewall-cmd --reload

## 4、启动Jenkins并设置Jenkins开机启动 ##

#重载服务（由于前面修改了Jenkins启动脚本）
    sudo systemctl daemon-reload
    
    #启动Jenkins服务
    sudo systemctl start jenkins
    
    #将Jenkins服务设置为开机启动
    #由于Jenkins不是Native Service，所以需要用chkconfig命令而不是systemctl命令
    sudo /sbin/chkconfig jenkins on

## 5. 登陆web管理端初始化jenkins ##

默认地址: `ip:端口:8080`

### 错误解决 ###

> 如果遇到`AWT is not properly configured on this server. Perhaps you need to run your container with "-Djava.awt.headless=true"`错误, 是由于`openjdk`的问题, 用官方的`jdk`可解决, 或者安装对应的插件
> 
>     # CentOS 7
>     yum install fontconfig
>     
>     # Ubuntu9以上
>     apt-get install ttf-dejavu
>     
>     # CentOS 6
>     yum install dejavu-sans-fonts
> 
> ***`重启jenkins`服务***
> 
>     sudo systemctl restart jenkins

### 初始化密码查看 ###

sudo cat /var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword

进去之后就是按需安装插件然后下一步下一步即可

### 缺失依赖插件 ###

可以到[这里][Link 1]按照需要下载对应的插件并手动安装

缺什么就下什么, 然后传到`jenkins` \--> `http://jenkins:8080/pluginManager/advanced` \--> 上传插件

> 安装完需要重启, 可以勾选在该页面`http://jenkins:8080/updateCenter/` 勾选 `安装完成后重启Jenkins(空闲时)`

## 6. 配置jenkins ##

> 进入如下的目录配置jenkins的基础环境`Manage Jenkins` \--> `GlobalTool Configuration`

### a. jdk ###

> `jenkins`需要构建项目, 就需要有`jdk`的环境
> 
> 这个`jdk`版本主要看你构建项目所用的`jdk`版本

最好自己下载`jdk`包然后安装, 使用命令(如`yum`)什么的装完不知道跑哪里去了, 特别是有本机多个版本的`jdk`的情况

**可能会用到的几个命令**

// 当前java命令用的jdk版本
    java -version
    
    // 找到java命令位置
    which java
    
    // java 命令软连接
    ls -lrt /usr/bin/java
    
    // 例如: 我在我服务器上就是通过这样来找到最终的java11的安装目录的
    [developer@dev-tool-server ~]$ java --version
    java 11.0.7 2020-04-14 LTS
    Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment 18.9 (build 11.0.7+8-LTS)
    Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM 18.9 (build 11.0.7+8-LTS, mixed mode)
    [developer@dev-tool-server ~]$ which java
    /usr/bin/java
    [developer@dev-tool-server ~]$ ls -lrt /usr/bin/java
    lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 22 7月   1 18:55 /usr/bin/java -> /etc/alternatives/java
    [developer@dev-tool-server ~]$ ls -lrt /etc/alternatives/java
    lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 29 7月   1 18:55 /etc/alternatives/java -> /usr/java/jdk-11.0.7/bin/java

**配置如图所示**

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM0MjA4ODQ0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

### b. maven ###

> 如果项目使用`Ant`或者`Gradle`构建就配置对应的

**配置如图所示**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM0MjA4ODQ0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

### c. git ###

通过`git`获取代码仓库的源代码

**配置如图所示**

![\[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-IkWOCWxx-1593694487471)(https://raw.githubusercontent.com/TWanGT/pic/master/image-20200702131804453.png)\]][img-IkWOCWxx-1593694487471_https_raw.githubusercontent.com_TWanGT_pic_master_image-20200702131804453.png]

### d. 好用的插件 ###

*  [ Publish Over SSH][Publish Over SSH] 通过ssh将应用发布到远程服务器(`jenkins`和`应用服务器`不是一台机器)
 *  [ Maven Integration plugin][Maven Integration plugin] `maven`项目构建插件

## 7. 配置一个自动构建项目 ##

### a. 新建Item ###

![\[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-mYOtDCso-1593694487473)(https://raw.githubusercontent.com/TWanGT/pic/master/image-20200702132742383.png)\]][img-mYOtDCso-1593694487473_https_raw.githubusercontent.com_TWanGT_pic_master_image-20200702132742383.png]

### b. 选择项目类型 ###

![\[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-J6jaeiiI-1593694487474)(https://raw.githubusercontent.com/TWanGT/pic/master/image-20200702132808052.png)\]][img-J6jaeiiI-1593694487474_https_raw.githubusercontent.com_TWanGT_pic_master_image-20200702132808052.png]

### c. 配置git仓库 ###

> 需要添加`Credentials`账号认证

![\[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-O6QuObQF-1593694487475)(https://raw.githubusercontent.com/TWanGT/pic/master/image-20200702132904897.png)\]][img-O6QuObQF-1593694487475_https_raw.githubusercontent.com_TWanGT_pic_master_image-20200702132904897.png]

### d. 构建脚本 ###

![\[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-SOzgimDS-1593694487477)(https://raw.githubusercontent.com/TWanGT/pic/master/image-20200702133007519.png)\]][img-SOzgimDS-1593694487477_https_raw.githubusercontent.com_TWanGT_pic_master_image-20200702133007519.png]

### e. 配置远程发布 ###

> 需要先配置好远程服务器的信息
> 
> 1.  添加服务器  
>     ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM0MjA4ODQ0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]
> 2.  填写服务器信息
>     
>     > 注意: 我这里`hostname`在路由层配置了解析, 这里填目标`IP`
>     > 
>     >  *  name: 自定义服务器名称
>     >  *  hostname: 服务器请求地址
>     >  *  user password authentication, or use a different key: 如果服务器需要密码将这个打钩, 并输入密码
>     >  *  passphrase/Password: 服务器密码  
>     >     ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM0MjA4ODQ0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]

**设置远程操作**

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM0MjA4ODQ0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]

**设置完成参考**

> 这里注意一下`source files` 的路径填写
> 
>  *  source files 需要传的文件
>  *  Remove Prefix 忽略前缀(不忽略着会把前缀目录也带到目标服务器)
>  *  Remote directory 目标地址(这里会接上`SSH Server`中配置的根地址)
>  *  Exec command 就是文件上传完成后再目标服务器上执行的语句

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM0MjA4ODQ0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]

### 邮件提醒(可选) ###

> 如果不需要提醒可以不管

#### 配置发件用户(全局) ####

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM0MjA4ODQ0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]

#### 配置发件条件以及收件人(项目) ####

![\[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-vmvfSaHW-1593694487483)(https://raw.githubusercontent.com/TWanGT/pic/master/image-20200702133052435.png)\]][img-vmvfSaHW-1593694487483_https_raw.githubusercontent.com_TWanGT_pic_master_image-20200702133052435.png]

[Link 1]: http://updates.jenkins-ci.org/download/plugins/
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM0MjA4ODQ0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200702210047519.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM0MjA4ODQ0,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
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[img-IkWOCWxx-1593694487471_https_raw.githubusercontent.com_TWanGT_pic_master_image-20200702131804453.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200702210109594.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM0MjA4ODQ0,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[Publish Over SSH]: https://plugins.jenkins.io/publish-over-ssh
[Maven Integration plugin]: https://plugins.jenkins.io/maven-plugin
[img-mYOtDCso-1593694487473_https_raw.githubusercontent.com_TWanGT_pic_master_image-20200702132742383.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200702210119374.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM0MjA4ODQ0,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[img-J6jaeiiI-1593694487474_https_raw.githubusercontent.com_TWanGT_pic_master_image-20200702132808052.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200702210127676.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM0MjA4ODQ0,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[img-O6QuObQF-1593694487475_https_raw.githubusercontent.com_TWanGT_pic_master_image-20200702132904897.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200702210137651.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM0MjA4ODQ0,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[img-SOzgimDS-1593694487477_https_raw.githubusercontent.com_TWanGT_pic_master_image-20200702133007519.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200702210151183.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM0MjA4ODQ0,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
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[img-vmvfSaHW-1593694487483_https_raw.githubusercontent.com_TWanGT_pic_master_image-20200702133052435.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200702210356201.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM0MjA4ODQ0,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70