（四）整合 RocketMQ ,实现请求异步处理

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### 整合 RocketMQ ,实现请求异步处理 ###

*  1、RocketMQ简介
 *   *  1.1 架构图片
     *  1.2 角色分类
     *  1.3 通信机制
 *  2、实现案例
 *   *  2.1 项目结构图
     *  2.2 配置文件
     *  2.3 生产者配置
     *  2.4 消费者配置
     *  2.5 消息监听配置
     *  2.6 配置参数绑定
     *  2.7 消息发送测试

# 1、RocketMQ简介 #

## 1.1 架构图片 ##

![format_png][]

## 1.2 角色分类 ##

1.  Broker  
    RocketMQ 的核心，接收 Producer 发过来的消息、处理 Consumer 的消费消息请求、消息的持 久化存储、服务端过滤功能等 。
2.  NameServer  
    消息队列中的状态服务器，集群的各个组件通过它来了解全局的信息 。类似微服务中注册中心的服务注册，发现，下线，上线的概念。  
    **热备份**：  
    NamServer可以部署多个，相互之间独立，其他角色同时向多个NameServer 机器上报状态信息。  
    **心跳机制**：  
    NameServer 中的 Broker、 Topic等状态信息不会持久存储，都是由各个角色定时上报并存储到内存中，超时不上报的话， NameServer会认为某个机器出故障不可用。
3.  Producer  
    消息的生成者，最常用的producer类就是DefaultMQProducer。
4.  Consumer

*  消息的消费者，常用Consumer类
 *  DefaultMQPushConsumer
 *  收到消息后自动调用传入的处理方法来处理，实时性高
 *  DefaultMQPullConsumer
 *  用户自主控制 ，灵活性更高。

## 1.3 通信机制 ##

1.  Broker启动后需要完成一次将自己注册至NameServer的操作；随后每隔30s时间定时向NameServer更新Topic路由信息。
2.  Producer发送消息时候，需要根据消息的Topic从本地缓存的获取路由信息。如果没有则更新路由信息会从NameServer重新拉取，同时Producer会默认每隔30s向NameServer拉取一次路由信息。
3.  Consumer消费消息时候，从NameServer获取的路由信息，并再完成客户端的负载均衡后，监听指定消息队列获取消息并进行消费。

# 2、实现案例 #

## 2.1 项目结构图 ##

![format_png 1][]

<spring-boot.version>2.1.3.RELEASE</spring-boot.version>
    <rocketmq.version>4.3.0</rocketmq.version>

## 2.2 配置文件 ##

rocketmq:
      # 生产者配置
      producer:
        isOnOff: on
        # 发送同一类消息的设置为同一个group，保证唯一
        groupName: FeePlatGroup
        # 服务地址
        namesrvAddr: 10.1.1.207:9876
        # 消息最大长度 默认1024*4(4M)
        maxMessageSize: 4096
        # 发送消息超时时间,默认3000
        sendMsgTimeout: 3000
        # 发送消息失败重试次数，默认2
        retryTimesWhenSendFailed: 2
      # 消费者配置
      consumer:
        isOnOff: on
        # 官方建议：确保同一组中的每个消费者订阅相同的主题。
        groupName: FeePlatGroup
        # 服务地址
        namesrvAddr: 10.1.1.207:9876
        # 接收该 Topic 下所有 Tag
        topics: FeePlatTopic~*;
        consumeThreadMin: 20
        consumeThreadMax: 64
        # 设置一次消费消息的条数，默认为1条
        consumeMessageBatchMaxSize: 1
    
    # 配置 Group Topic Tag
    fee-plat:
      fee-plat-group: FeePlatGroup
      fee-plat-topic: FeePlatTopic
      fee-account-tag: FeeAccountTag

## 2.3 生产者配置 ##

import org.apache.rocketmq.client.exception.MQClientException;
    import org.apache.rocketmq.client.producer.DefaultMQProducer;
    import org.slf4j.Logger;
    import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
    /** * RocketMQ 生产者配置 */
    @Configuration
    public class ProducerConfig { 
        private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ProducerConfig.class) ;
        @Value("${rocketmq.producer.groupName}")
        private String groupName;
        @Value("${rocketmq.producer.namesrvAddr}")
        private String namesrvAddr;
        @Value("${rocketmq.producer.maxMessageSize}")
        private Integer maxMessageSize ;
        @Value("${rocketmq.producer.sendMsgTimeout}")
        private Integer sendMsgTimeout;
        @Value("${rocketmq.producer.retryTimesWhenSendFailed}")
        private Integer retryTimesWhenSendFailed;
        @Bean
        public DefaultMQProducer getRocketMQProducer() { 
            DefaultMQProducer producer;
            producer = new DefaultMQProducer(this.groupName);
            producer.setNamesrvAddr(this.namesrvAddr);
            //如果需要同一个jvm中不同的producer往不同的mq集群发送消息，需要设置不同的instanceName
            if(this.maxMessageSize!=null){ 
                producer.setMaxMessageSize(this.maxMessageSize);
            }
            if(this.sendMsgTimeout!=null){ 
                producer.setSendMsgTimeout(this.sendMsgTimeout);
            }
            //如果发送消息失败，设置重试次数，默认为2次
            if(this.retryTimesWhenSendFailed!=null){ 
                producer.setRetryTimesWhenSendFailed(this.retryTimesWhenSendFailed);
            }
            try { 
                producer.start();
            } catch (MQClientException e) { 
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return producer;
        }
    }

## 2.4 消费者配置 ##

import org.apache.rocketmq.client.consumer.DefaultMQPushConsumer;
    import org.apache.rocketmq.client.exception.MQClientException;
    import org.apache.rocketmq.common.consumer.ConsumeFromWhere;
    import org.slf4j.Logger;
    import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
    import javax.annotation.Resource;
    /** * RocketMQ 消费者配置 */
    @Configuration
    public class ConsumerConfig { 
        private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ConsumerConfig.class) ;
        @Value("${rocketmq.consumer.namesrvAddr}")
        private String namesrvAddr;
        @Value("${rocketmq.consumer.groupName}")
        private String groupName;
        @Value("${rocketmq.consumer.consumeThreadMin}")
        private int consumeThreadMin;
        @Value("${rocketmq.consumer.consumeThreadMax}")
        private int consumeThreadMax;
        @Value("${rocketmq.consumer.topics}")
        private String topics;
        @Value("${rocketmq.consumer.consumeMessageBatchMaxSize}")
        private int consumeMessageBatchMaxSize;
        @Resource
        private RocketMsgListener msgListener;
        @Bean
        public DefaultMQPushConsumer getRocketMQConsumer(){ 
            DefaultMQPushConsumer consumer = new DefaultMQPushConsumer(groupName);
            consumer.setNamesrvAddr(namesrvAddr);
            consumer.setConsumeThreadMin(consumeThreadMin);
            consumer.setConsumeThreadMax(consumeThreadMax);
            consumer.registerMessageListener(msgListener);
            consumer.setConsumeFromWhere(ConsumeFromWhere.CONSUME_FROM_LAST_OFFSET);
            consumer.setConsumeMessageBatchMaxSize(consumeMessageBatchMaxSize);
            try { 
                String[] topicTagsArr = topics.split(";");
                for (String topicTags : topicTagsArr) { 
                    String[] topicTag = topicTags.split("~");
                    consumer.subscribe(topicTag[0],topicTag[1]);
                }
                consumer.start();
            }catch (MQClientException e){ 
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return consumer;
        }
    }

## 2.5 消息监听配置 ##

import com.rocket.queue.service.impl.ParamConfigService;
    import org.apache.rocketmq.client.consumer.listener.ConsumeConcurrentlyContext;
    import org.apache.rocketmq.client.consumer.listener.ConsumeConcurrentlyStatus;
    import org.apache.rocketmq.client.consumer.listener.MessageListenerConcurrently;
    import org.apache.rocketmq.common.message.MessageExt;
    import org.slf4j.Logger;
    import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    import org.springframework.util.CollectionUtils;
    import javax.annotation.Resource;
    import java.util.List;
    /** * 消息消费监听 */
    @Component
    public class RocketMsgListener implements MessageListenerConcurrently { 
        private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RocketMsgListener.class) ;
        @Resource
        private ParamConfigService paramConfigService ;
        @Override
        public ConsumeConcurrentlyStatus consumeMessage(List<MessageExt> list, ConsumeConcurrentlyContext context) { 
            if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(list)){ 
                return ConsumeConcurrentlyStatus.CONSUME_SUCCESS;
            }
            MessageExt messageExt = list.get(0);
            LOG.info("接受到的消息为："+new String(messageExt.getBody()));
            int reConsume = messageExt.getReconsumeTimes();
            // 消息已经重试了3次，如果不需要再次消费，则返回成功
            if(reConsume ==3){ 
                return ConsumeConcurrentlyStatus.CONSUME_SUCCESS;
            }
            if(messageExt.getTopic().equals(paramConfigService.feePlatTopic)){ 
                String tags = messageExt.getTags() ;
                switch (tags){ 
                    case "FeeAccountTag":
                        LOG.info("开户 tag == >>"+tags);
                        break ;
                    default:
                        LOG.info("未匹配到Tag == >>"+tags);
                        break;
                }
            }
            // 消息消费成功
            return ConsumeConcurrentlyStatus.CONSUME_SUCCESS;
        }
    }

## 2.6 配置参数绑定 ##

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
    @Service
    public class ParamConfigService { 
        @Value("${fee-plat.fee-plat-group}")
        public String feePlatGroup ;
        @Value("${fee-plat.fee-plat-topic}")
        public String feePlatTopic ;
        @Value("${fee-plat.fee-account-tag}")
        public String feeAccountTag ;
    }

## 2.7 消息发送测试 ##

import com.rocket.queue.service.FeePlatMqService;
    import org.apache.rocketmq.client.producer.DefaultMQProducer;
    import org.apache.rocketmq.client.producer.SendResult;
    import org.apache.rocketmq.common.message.Message;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
    import javax.annotation.Resource;
    @Service
    public class FeePlatMqServiceImpl implements FeePlatMqService { 
        @Resource
        private DefaultMQProducer defaultMQProducer;
        @Resource
        private ParamConfigService paramConfigService ;
        @Override
        public SendResult openAccountMsg(String msgInfo) { 
            // 可以不使用Config中的Group
            defaultMQProducer.setProducerGroup(paramConfigService.feePlatGroup);
            SendResult sendResult = null;
            try { 
                Message sendMsg = new Message(paramConfigService.feePlatTopic,
                                              paramConfigService.feeAccountTag,
                                             "fee_open_account_key", msgInfo.getBytes());
                sendResult = defaultMQProducer.send(sendMsg);
            } catch (Exception e) { 
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return sendResult ;
        }
    }

[format_png]: /images/20230209/4ac0012d55974566b8f4f8364eff22ad.png
[format_png 1]: /images/20230209/136184df7c154a16a78b2a5f5ba1890b.png