springboot集成RabbitMQ-超级详细步骤

ゝ一纸荒年。 2023-02-26 05:19 3阅读 0赞

本文对应的代码地址：[https://github.com/zhangshilin9527/rabbitmq-study][https_github.com_zhangshilin9527_rabbitmq-study]

#  #

# 前置工作： #

### 1.安装rabbitmq ###

### 2.登录 ###

地址： [http://localhost:15672/][http_localhost_15672]

账号密码： guest/guest

### 3.创建角色 ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM4NjMwODEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

### 4.1 创建virtual Hosts ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM4NjMwODEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

### 4.2为virtual Hosts赋权 ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM4NjMwODEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

### 5.增加Exchanges（交换机） ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM4NjMwODEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

### 6.增加Queue（队列） ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM4NjMwODEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

### 7.Exchange绑定queue ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM4NjMwODEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM4NjMwODEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]

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# Springboot集成RabbitMQ #

Springboot集成RabbitMQ，首先创建一个Springboot项目，可以通过官网的[脚手架][Link 1]生成一个springboot项目。Springboot集成RabbitMQ的官网地址为：[https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/html/spring-boot-features.html\#boot-features-rabbitmq][https_docs.spring.io_spring-boot_docs_current_reference_html_spring-boot-features.html_boot-features-rabbitmq]，下面是我参考文档集成的步骤：

## 生产者代码 ##

### 1.加入依赖 ###

<dependency>
       <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
       <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
    </dependency>

### 2.加入yaml配置 ###

spring:
      rabbitmq:
        host: 127.0.0.1
        port: 5672
        virtual-host: xiaolinzi
        username: xiaolinzi
        password: xiaolinzi
        #超时时间
        connection-timeout: 10000s
        #开启消息确认模式
        publisher-confirms: true
        #开启消息送达提示
        publisher-returns: true
        #开启不可达消息不会被broker给删除
        template:
          mandatory: true

### 3.配置mq ###

/**
     * 交换机
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public DirectExchange xiaolinziDirectExchange() {
        //durable 表示小时是否持久化
        //autoDelete 消息是否自动删除
        DirectExchange directExchange = new DirectExchange(DIRECT_EXCHANGE, true, false);
        return directExchange;
    }
    
    /**
     * 队列
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public Queue xiaolinziQueue() {
        //exclusive:是否排外的  一般等于true的话用于一个队列只能有一个消费者来消费的场景
        Queue queue = new Queue(DIRECT_QUEUE, true, false, false);
        return queue;
    }
    
    /**
     * 绑定关系
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public Binding xiaolinziBinder() {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(xiaolinziQueue()).to(xiaolinziDirectExchange()).with(DIRECT_QUEUE_KEY);
    }

### 4.发送消息 ###

public void sendMsg() {
        SendInfo sendInfo = bulidSendInfo();
    
        //构建correlationData 唯一标识，可以使用id做特殊处理
        CorrelationData correlationData = new CorrelationData(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
        //开启确认模式
        rabbitTemplate.setConfirmCallback(new XiaolinziConfirmCallBack());
    
        //开启消息投递监听
        rabbitTemplate.setReturnCallback(new XiaolinziRetrunCallBack());
    
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("xiaolinzi_direct", "xiaolinzi_direct_queue_key", JSONObject.toJSONString(sendInfo), correlationData);
    }

## 消费者代码 ##

### 1.加入依赖 ###

<dependency>
       <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
       <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
    </dependency>

### 2.加入yaml配置 ###

### 3.接受消息 ###

@RabbitListener(queues = {"xiaolinzi_direct_queue"})
    @RabbitHandler
    public void consumerMsg(Message message, Channel channel) throws IOException {
    
        logger.info("消费消息:{}", message);
        //手工签收
        Long deliveryTag = (Long) message.getHeaders().get(AmqpHeaders.DELIVERY_TAG);
        logger.info("接受deliveryTag:{}", deliveryTag);
        channel.basicAck(deliveryTag, false);
    }

## 测试 ##

### 发送消息： ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM4NjMwODEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8][]

看一下交换机上，现在有一条消息

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM4NjMwODEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9][]

### 接收消息 ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM4NjMwODEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10][]

再看一下交换机上，已经没有了消息

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM4NjMwODEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11][]

[https_github.com_zhangshilin9527_rabbitmq-study]: https://github.com/zhangshilin9527/rabbitmq-study
[http_localhost_15672]: http://localhost:15672/
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[Link 1]: https://start.spring.io/
[https_docs.spring.io_spring-boot_docs_current_reference_html_spring-boot-features.html_boot-features-rabbitmq]: https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/html/spring-boot-features.html#boot-features-rabbitmq
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