Spring Cloud Gateway 实现Token校验

╰半橙微兮° 2023-02-27 08:06 87阅读 0赞

## SpringCloud视频教程： ##

[https://ke.qq.com/course/2805647?tuin=a3e3fb1&from\_uin=171851697&from=1000201007][https_ke.qq.com_course_2805647_tuin_a3e3fb1_from_uin_171851697_from_1000201007]

## 个人博客纯净版 ##

[http://www.51ufo.cn/%E5%BE%AE%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1/%E5%88%86%E5%B8%83%E5%BC%8F/2020/07/16/Spring-Cloud-Gateway-%E5%AE%9E%E7%8E%B0Token%E6%A0%A1%E9%AA%8C.html][http_www.51ufo.cn_E5_BE_AE_E6_9C_8D_E5_8A_A1_E5_88_86_E5_B8_83_E5_BC_8F_2020_07_16_Spring-Cloud-Gateway-_E5_AE_9E_E7_8E_B0Token_E6_A0_A1_E9_AA_8C.html]

在我看来，在某些场景下，网关就像是一个公共方法，把项目中的都要用到的一些功能提出来，抽象成一个服务。比如，我们可以在业务网关上做日志收集、Token校验等等，当然这么理解很狭隘，因为网关的能力远不止如此，但是不妨碍我们更好地理解它。下面的例子演示了，如何在网关校验Token，并提取用户信息放到Header中传给下游业务系统。

## 1. 生成Token ##

用户登录成功以后，生成token，此后的所有请求都带着token。网关负责校验token，并将用户信息放入请求Header，以便下游系统可以方便的获取用户信息。

![format_png][]

为了方便演示，本例中涉及三个工程

公共项目：commons-jwt

认证服务：auth-service

网关服务：gateway-service

### 1.1. Token生成与校验工具类 ###

因为生成token在认证服务中，token校验在网关服务中，因此，我把这一部分写在了公共项目commons-jwt中

**pom.xml**

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.auth0</groupId>
            <artifactId>java-jwt</artifactId>
            <version>3.10.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
            <version>3.9</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.66</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

**JWTUtil.java**

public class JWTUtil {
    
    
        private static final String USER_INFO_KEY = "username";
    
        /**
         * 生成Token
         * @param issuser    签发者
         * @param username   用户标识(唯一)
         * @param secretKey  签名算法以及密匙
         * @param tokenExpireTime 过期时间
         * @return
         */
        public static String generateToken(String issuser, String username, String secretKey, long tokenExpireTime) {
            Algorithm algorithm = Algorithm.HMAC256(secretKey);
    
            Date now = new Date();
    
            Date expireTime = new Date(now.getTime() + tokenExpireTime);
    
            String token = JWT.create()
                    .withIssuer(issuser)
                    .withIssuedAt(now)
                    .withExpiresAt(expireTime)
                    .withClaim(USER_INFO_KEY, username)
                    .sign(algorithm);
    
            return token;
        }
    
        /**
         * 校验Token
         * @param issuser   签发者
         * @param token     访问秘钥
         * @param secretKey 签名算法以及密匙
         * @return
         */
        public static void verifyToken(String issuser, String token, String secretKey) {
            try {
                Algorithm algorithm = Algorithm.HMAC256(secretKey);
                JWTVerifier jwtVerifier = JWT.require(algorithm).withIssuer(issuser).build();
                jwtVerifier.verify(token);
            } catch (JWTDecodeException jwtDecodeException) {
                throw new TokenAuthenticationException(ResponseCodeEnum.TOKEN_INVALID.getCode(), ResponseCodeEnum.TOKEN_INVALID.getMessage());
            } catch (SignatureVerificationException signatureVerificationException) {
                throw new TokenAuthenticationException(ResponseCodeEnum.TOKEN_SIGNATURE_INVALID.getCode(), ResponseCodeEnum.TOKEN_SIGNATURE_INVALID.getMessage());
            } catch (TokenExpiredException tokenExpiredException) {
                throw new TokenAuthenticationException(ResponseCodeEnum.TOKEN_EXPIRED.getCode(), ResponseCodeEnum.TOKEN_INVALID.getMessage());
            } catch (Exception ex) {
                throw new TokenAuthenticationException(ResponseCodeEnum.UNKNOWN_ERROR.getCode(), ResponseCodeEnum.UNKNOWN_ERROR.getMessage());
            }
        }
    
        /**
         * 从Token中提取用户信息
         * @param token
         * @return
         */
        public static String getUserInfo(String token) {
            DecodedJWT decodedJWT = JWT.decode(token);
            String username = decodedJWT.getClaim(USER_INFO_KEY).asString();
            return username;
        }
    
    
    }

**ResponseCodeEnum.java**

public enum ResponseCodeEnum {
    
        SUCCESS(0, "成功"),
        FAIL(-1, "失败"),
        LOGIN_ERROR(1000, "用户名或密码错误"),
        UNKNOWN_ERROR(2000, "未知错误"),
        PARAMETER_ILLEGAL(2001, "参数不合法"),
        TOKEN_INVALID(2002, "无效的Token"),
        TOKEN_SIGNATURE_INVALID(2003, "无效的签名"),
        TOKEN_EXPIRED(2004, "token已过期"),
        TOKEN_MISSION(2005, "token缺失"),
        REFRESH_TOKEN_INVALID(2006, "刷新Token无效");
    
        private int code;
    
        private String message;
    
        ResponseCodeEnum(int code, String message) {
            this.code = code;
            this.message = message;
        }
    
        public int getCode() {
            return code;
        }
    
        public String getMessage() {
            return message;
        }
    }

**ResponseResult.java**

@Builder
    @Data
    public class ResponseResult {
    
        private int code = 0;
    
        private String msg;
    
        private Object data;
    }

**MD5Util.java**

@Slf4j
    public class MD5Util {
        public static String getMD5Str(String str) {
            byte[] digest = null;
            try {
                MessageDigest md5 = MessageDigest.getInstance("md5");
                digest  = md5.digest(str.getBytes("utf-8"));
            } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
                log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
            } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
                log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
            }
            //16是表示转换为16进制数
            String md5Str = new BigInteger(1, digest).toString(16);
            return md5Str;
        }
    }

**TokenAuthenticationException**

public class TokenAuthenticationException extends RuntimeException  {
    
        private int code;
    
        private String message;
    
        public TokenAuthenticationException(int code, String message) {
            super();
            this.code = code;
            this.message = message;
        }
    }

### 1.2. 生成token ###

这一部分在auth-service中

**pom.xml**

<dependencies>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
             <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
             <version>3.9</version>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
             <artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
             <version>1.14</version>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
             <artifactId>commons-pool2</artifactId>
             <version>2.8.0</version>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>com.mk</groupId>
             <artifactId>commons-jwt</artifactId>
             <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
         </dependency>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-plus</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.1</version>
        </dependency>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>
     </dependencies>

**application.yml**

server:
      port: 8080
    
    spring:
      application:
        name: auth-service
      redis:
        url: redis://10.32.15.78:6379
      datasource:
        url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&useSSL=false
        username: root
        password: 123456
        druid:
          # 验证连接是否有效。此参数必须设置为非空字符串，下面三项设置成true才能生效
          validation-query: SELECT 1
          # 连接是否被空闲连接回收器(如果有)进行检验. 如果检测失败, 则连接将被从池中去除
          test-while-idle: true
          # 是否在从池中取出连接前进行检验, 如果检验失败, 则从池中去除连接并尝试取出另一个
          test-on-borrow: true
          # 是否在归还到池中前进行检验
          test-on-return: false
          # 连接在池中最小生存的时间，单位是毫秒
          min-evictable-idle-time-millis: 30000
    
    #mybatis配置
    mybatis-plus:
      type-aliases-package: com.mk.auth.entity
      mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/**/*.xml
      global-config:
        db-config:
          id-type: auto
          field-strategy: not_empty
          logic-delete-value: 1
          logic-not-delete-value: 0
      configuration:
        map-underscore-to-camel-case: true
        cache-enabled: false
        call-setters-on-nulls: true
        log-impl: org.apache.ibatis.logging.stdout.StdOutImpl

**OauthController.java**

@RestController
    @RequestMapping("/oauth")
    public class OauthController {
    
    
        @Value("${secretKey:!@#$%^&*}")
        private String secretKey;
    
        @Value("${issuser:mark}")
        private String issuser;
    
        @Value("${tokenExpireTime:30}")
        private long tokenExpireTime;
    
        @Autowired
        private RedisTemplate redisTemplate;
    
        @Autowired
        private UserService userService;
    
        private static final String TOKEN_CACHE_PREFIX = "auth-service:";
    
    
        /**
         * 获取token
         * @param request
         * @param bindingResult
         * @return
         */
        @PostMapping("/getToken")
        public ResponseResult getToken(@RequestBody @Validated TokenRequest request, BindingResult bindingResult) {
            if (bindingResult.hasErrors()) {
                return ResponseResult
                        .builder()
                        .code(ResponseCodeEnum.PARAMETER_ILLEGAL.getCode())
                        .msg(ResponseCodeEnum.PARAMETER_ILLEGAL.getMessage())
                        .build();
            }
    
            LambdaQueryWrapper<User> wrapper = new QueryWrapper<User>().lambda();
            wrapper.eq(User::getUsername, request.getUsername());
            wrapper.eq(User::getPassword, request.getPassword());
            User user = userService.getOne(wrapper);
    
            if (user != null) {
    
                //  生成Token
                String token = JWTUtil.generateToken(issuser, user.getUsername(), secretKey, tokenExpireTime * 1000);
    
                //  生成刷新Token
                String refreshToken = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", "");
    
                //  放入缓存
                String key = MD5Util.getMD5Str(user.getUsername());
                HashOperations<String, String, String> hashOperations = redisTemplate.opsForHash();
                hashOperations.put(TOKEN_CACHE_PREFIX + key, "token", token);
                hashOperations.put(TOKEN_CACHE_PREFIX + key, "refreshToken", refreshToken);
                redisTemplate.expire(TOKEN_CACHE_PREFIX + key, tokenExpireTime, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    
                TokenResult data = TokenResult.builder()
                        .access_token(token)
                        .refresh_token(refreshToken)
                        .username(user.getUsername())
                        .expires_in(tokenExpireTime)
                        .build();
    
                return ResponseResult
                        .builder()
                        .code(ResponseCodeEnum.SUCCESS.getCode())
                        .msg(ResponseCodeEnum.SUCCESS.getMessage())
                        .data(data)
                        .build();
            }
    
            return ResponseResult
                    .builder()
                    .code(ResponseCodeEnum.LOGIN_ERROR.getCode())
                    .msg(ResponseCodeEnum.LOGIN_ERROR.getMessage())
                    .build();
        }
    
        /**
         * 删除token
         * @param username
         * @return
         */
        @GetMapping("/delToken")
        public ResponseResult deltoken(@RequestParam("username") String username) {
            HashOperations<String, String, String> hashOperations = redisTemplate.opsForHash();
            String key = MD5Util.getMD5Str(username);
            hashOperations.delete(TOKEN_CACHE_PREFIX + key);
    
            return ResponseResult
                    .builder()
                    .code(ResponseCodeEnum.SUCCESS.getCode())
                    .msg(ResponseCodeEnum.SUCCESS.getMessage())
                    .build();
        }
    
        /**
         * 刷新Token
         */
        @PostMapping("/refreshToken")
        public ResponseResult refreshToken(@RequestBody @Validated RefreshRequest request, BindingResult bindingResult) {
            String refreshToken = request.getRefreshToken();
            HashOperations<String, String, String> hashOperations = redisTemplate.opsForHash();
            String key = MD5Util.getMD5Str(request.getUsername());
            String originalRefreshToken = hashOperations.get(TOKEN_CACHE_PREFIX + key, "refreshToken");
            if (StringUtils.isBlank(originalRefreshToken) || !originalRefreshToken.equals(refreshToken)) {
                return ResponseResult
                        .builder()
                        .code(ResponseCodeEnum.REFRESH_TOKEN_INVALID.getCode())
                        .msg(ResponseCodeEnum.REFRESH_TOKEN_INVALID.getMessage())
                        .build();
            }
    
            //  生成新token
            String newToken = JWTUtil.generateToken(issuser, key, secretKey, tokenExpireTime * 1000);
            hashOperations.put(TOKEN_CACHE_PREFIX + key, "token", newToken);
            redisTemplate.expire(TOKEN_CACHE_PREFIX + key, tokenExpireTime, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    
            return ResponseResult
                    .builder()
                    .code(ResponseCodeEnum.SUCCESS.getCode())
                    .msg(ResponseCodeEnum.SUCCESS.getMessage())
                    .data(newToken)
                    .build();
        }
    }

## 2. 校验Token ##

GatewayFilter和GlobalFilter都可以，这里用GlobalFilter

**pom.xml**

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
             <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
             <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.mk</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-jwt</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

**application.yml**

server:
      port: 80
    
    spring:
      application:
        name: gateway-service
      redis:
        url: redis://10.32.15.78:6379

**AuthorizeFilter.java**

@Component
    public class AuthorizeFilter implements GlobalFilter, Ordered {
    
        @Value("${secretKey:!@#$%^&*}")
        private String secretKey;
    
        @Value("${issuser:mark}")
        private String issuser;
    
        @Autowired
        private RedisTemplate redisTemplate;
    
        private static final String TOKEN_CACHE_PREFIX = "auth-service:";
    
    
        @Override
        public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {
    
            ServerHttpRequest serverHttpRequest = exchange.getRequest();
            ServerHttpResponse serverHttpResponse = exchange.getResponse();
    
            String token = serverHttpRequest.getHeaders().getFirst("token");
    
            if (StringUtils.isBlank(token)) {
                serverHttpResponse.setStatusCode(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED);
                return getVoidMono(serverHttpResponse, ResponseCodeEnum.TOKEN_MISSION);
            }
    
            // 检查是否可以解密
            String username = null;
            try {
                username = JWTUtil.getUserInfo(token);
            } catch (JWTDecodeException e) {
                return getVoidMono(serverHttpResponse, ResponseCodeEnum.TOKEN_INVALID);
            }
    
            if (StringUtils.isEmpty(username)) {
                return getVoidMono(serverHttpResponse, ResponseCodeEnum.TOKEN_INVALID);
            }
    
            // 检查Redis中是否有此Token
            String key = MD5Util.getMD5Str(username);
            if (!redisTemplate.opsForHash().hasKey(TOKEN_CACHE_PREFIX + key, "token")) {
                return getVoidMono(serverHttpResponse, ResponseCodeEnum.TOKEN_INVALID);
            }
    
            try {
                JWTUtil.verifyToken(issuser, token, secretKey);
            } catch (TokenAuthenticationException ex) {
                return getVoidMono(serverHttpResponse, ResponseCodeEnum.TOKEN_INVALID);
            } catch (Exception ex) {
                return getVoidMono(serverHttpResponse, ResponseCodeEnum.UNKNOWN_ERROR);
            }
    
            return chain.filter(exchange);
        }
    
    
        private Mono<Void> getVoidMono(ServerHttpResponse serverHttpResponse, ResponseCodeEnum responseCodeEnum) {
            serverHttpResponse.getHeaders().add("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=UTF-8");
            ResponseResult responseResult = ResponseResult.builder()
                    .code(responseCodeEnum.getCode())
                    .msg(responseCodeEnum.getMessage())
                    .build();
            DataBuffer dataBuffer = serverHttpResponse.bufferFactory().wrap(JSON.toJSONString(responseResult).getBytes());
            return serverHttpResponse.writeWith(Flux.just(dataBuffer));
        }
    
    
        @Override
        public int getOrder() {
            return 0;
        }
    }

### 网关配置 ###

**GatewayConfig.java**

@Configuration
    public class GatewayConfig {
        @Bean
        public RouteLocator myRoutes(RouteLocatorBuilder builder) {
            return builder.routes()
                    .route(p -> p
                            .path("/baidu")
                            .uri("http://www.baidu.com"))
                    .build();
        }
    }

本文代码git地址 [https://github.com/chaojunma/springcloud-auth.git][https_github.com_chaojunma_springcloud-auth.git]

[https_ke.qq.com_course_2805647_tuin_a3e3fb1_from_uin_171851697_from_1000201007]: https://ke.qq.com/course/2805647?tuin=a3e3fb1&from_uin=171851697&from=1000201007
[http_www.51ufo.cn_E5_BE_AE_E6_9C_8D_E5_8A_A1_E5_88_86_E5_B8_83_E5_BC_8F_2020_07_16_Spring-Cloud-Gateway-_E5_AE_9E_E7_8E_B0Token_E6_A0_A1_E9_AA_8C.html]: http://www.51ufo.cn/%E5%BE%AE%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1/%E5%88%86%E5%B8%83%E5%BC%8F/2020/07/16/Spring-Cloud-Gateway-%E5%AE%9E%E7%8E%B0Token%E6%A0%A1%E9%AA%8C.html
[format_png]: /images/20230209/0d8cbe7d9b8648c182249f383335a261.png
[https_github.com_chaojunma_springcloud-auth.git]: https://github.com/chaojunma/springcloud-auth.git