linux ubuntu 安装gdb 提示unmet dependencies缺少依赖包解决办法

蔚落 2023-02-28 12:58 1阅读 0赞

### 直接使用apt-get install ###

在终端输入`sudo apt-get install gdb`后，提示如下信息

Reading package lists... Done
    Building dependency tree       
    Reading state information... Done
    You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these:
    The following packages have unmet dependencies:
     gdb : Depends: libbabeltrace-ctf1 (>= 1.2.1) but it is not going to be installed
           Depends: libbabeltrace1 (>= 1.2.1) but it is not going to be installed
           Recommends: libc-dbg
           Recommends: gdbserver but it is not going to be installed
     kjumpingcube : Depends: libkf5configcore5 (>= 4.98.0) but it is not going to be installed
                    Depends: libkf5configgui5 (>= 4.97.0) but it is not going to be installed
                    Depends: libkf5configwidgets5 (>= 4.96.0) but it is not going to be installed
                    Depends: libkf5coreaddons5 (>= 5.6.0+git20150124.0026+15.04) but it is not going to be installed
                    Depends: libkf5crash5 (>= 5.15.0) but it is not going to be installed
                    Depends: libkf5dbusaddons5 (>= 4.97.0) but it is not going to be installed
                    Depends: libkf5i18n5 (>= 4.97.0) but it is not going to be installed
                    Depends: libkf5kdegames7 (>= 4:14.12.50) but it is not going to be installed
                    Depends: libkf5kdelibs4support5 (>= 4.96.0) but it is not going to be installed
                    Depends: libkf5widgetsaddons5 (>= 4.96.0) but it is not going to be installed
                    Depends: libkf5xmlgui5 (>= 4.98.0) but it is not going to be installed
                    Depends: libqt5core5a (>= 5.6.0~beta) but it is not going to be installed
                    Depends: libqt5gui5 (>= 5.0.2) but it is not going to be installed or
                             libqt5gui5-gles (>= 5.0.2) but it is not going to be installed
                    Depends: libqt5svg5 (>= 5.6.0~beta) but it is not going to be installed
                    Depends: libqt5widgets5 (>= 5.2.0) but it is not going to be installed
                    Recommends: khelpcenter but it is not going to be installed
    E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution).

分析可知，gdb对某些软件包有依赖，需要先安装这些软件包，对于上面的提示而言，则需要安装`libbabeltrace1`和`libbabeltrace-ctf1`  
经过测试，后者依赖于前者，所以需要先装`libbabeltrace1`，再装`libbabeltrace-ctf1`

### 安装依赖软件包 ###

接下来我挨个从[ubuntu packges][]网站下载的安装包，分别是`libbabeltrace1`，`libbabeltrace-ctf1`，`gdb`.  
我在终端使用`wget 下载链接`的方式下载了三个安装包，都是`.deb`格式的，为ubuntu软件包格式，可以使用`dpkg -i package.deb`命令安装

#下载libbabeltrace1
    wget http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/b/babeltrace/libbabeltrace1_1.3.2-1_amd64.deb
    #下载libbabeltrace-ctf1
    wget http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/b/babeltrace/libbabeltrace-ctf1_1.3.2-1_amd64.deb
    #下载gdb
    wget http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/g/gdb/gdb_7.11.1-0ubuntu1~16.5_amd64.deb

#安装libbabeltrace1
    dpkg -i libbabeltrace1_1.3.2-1_amd64.deb
    #安装libbabeltrace-ctf1
    dpkg -i libbabeltrace-ctf1_1.3.2-1_amd64.deb
    #安装gdb
    dpkg -i gdb_7.11.1-0ubuntu1~16.5_amd64.deb

三个全部安装完成后，就可以使用gbd工具了。

### 总结 ###

最开始提示的信息

Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution).

但使用`apt-get -f install`是没有作用的，所以需要根据具体情况分析少了哪些依赖包，然后安装上再安装`gdb`就OK了。  
另外缺少的依赖包是否可以直接使用`apt-get install`来安装，我没有进行测试，如果可以的话甚至更方便。

[ubuntu packges]: https://packages.ubuntu.com/xenial/gdb