Flutter 实现酷炫的3D效果

痛定思痛。 2023-03-01 08:45 472阅读 0赞

![20200723074723347.png][]

> 老孟导读：此文讲解3个酷炫的3D动画效果。

下面是要实现的效果：

![20200723074724336.png][]

Flutter 中3D效果是通过 **Transform** 组件实现的，没有变换效果的实现：

class TransformDemo extends StatelessWidget {
      @override
      Widget build(BuildContext context) {
        return Scaffold(
          appBar: AppBar(
            title: Text('3D 变换Demo'),
          ),
          body: Container(
            alignment: Alignment.center,
            color: Colors.white,
            child: Text('3D 变换Demo'),
          ),
        );
      }
    }

![20200723074725437.png][]

通过 **GestureDetector** 组件添加滑动事件监听：

@override
    Widget build(BuildContext context) {
      return Scaffold(
        appBar: AppBar(
          title: Text('3D 变换Demo'),
        ),
        body: GestureDetector(
          onPanUpdate: (details) {
            print('$details');
          },
          child: Container(
            alignment: Alignment.center,
            color: Colors.white,
            child: Text('3D 变换Demo'),
          ),
        ),
      );
    }

添加 **Transform** 对组件进入旋转：

@override
    Widget build(BuildContext context) {
      return Transform(
          transform: Matrix4.identity()
            ..setEntry(3, 2, 0.001)
            ..rotateX(pi/6)
            ..rotateY(pi/6),
          alignment: Alignment.center,
          child: Scaffold(
            appBar: AppBar(
              title: Text('3D 变换Demo'),
            ),
            body: GestureDetector(
              onPanUpdate: (details) {
              },
              child: Container(
                alignment: Alignment.center,
                color: Colors.white,
                child: Text('3D 变换Demo'),
              ),
            ),
          ));
    }

![20200723074725819.png][]

将滑动的偏移和旋转进行关联：

class TransformDemo extends StatefulWidget {
      @override
      _TransformDemoState createState() => _TransformDemoState();
    }
    
    class _TransformDemoState extends State<TransformDemo> {
      double _rotateX = .0;
      double _rotateY = .0;
    
      @override
      Widget build(BuildContext context) {
        return Transform(
            transform: Matrix4.identity()
              ..rotateX(_rotateX)
              ..rotateY(_rotateY),
            alignment: Alignment.center,
            child: Scaffold(
              appBar: AppBar(
                title: Text('3D 变换Demo'),
              ),
              body: GestureDetector(
                onPanUpdate: (details) {
                  setState(() {
                    _rotateX += details.delta.dy * .01;
                    _rotateY += details.delta.dx * -.01;
                  });
                },
                child: Container(
                  alignment: Alignment.center,
                  color: Colors.white,
                  child: Text('3D 变换Demo'),
                ),
              ),
            ));
      }
    }

![20200723074728583.png][]

基本已经实现了3D效果，但效果比较生硬，尤其垂直方向旋转的时候远点和近点在屏幕上的宽度是一样，

![20200723074728675.png][]

添加近大远小的效果：

Transform(
        transform: Matrix4.identity()
          ..setEntry(3, 2, 0.001)
          ..rotateX(_rotateX)
          ..rotateY(_rotateY),
      ...

![20200723074728749.png][]

### 翻书效果 ###

![20200723074728983.png][]

上面的效果类似于翻书的效果。

实现的原理：

将图片左右切割为两部分，两张图片共分割为4个新的组件，如下图，分别为1、2、3、4

![2020072307472987.png][]

代码实现：

_child1 = ClipRect(
      child: Align(
        alignment: Alignment.centerLeft,
        widthFactor: 0.5,
        child: child1,
      ),
    );
    _child2 = ClipRect(
      child: Align(
        alignment: Alignment.centerRight,
        widthFactor: 0.5,
        child: child1,
      ),
    );
    
    _child3 = ClipRect(
      child: Align(
        alignment: Alignment.centerLeft,
        widthFactor: 0.5,
        child: child2,
      ),
    );
    
    _child4 = ClipRect(
      child: Align(
        alignment: Alignment.centerRight,
        widthFactor: 0.5,
        child: child2,
      ),
    );

将第一张图片放在第二种图片的上面，先旋转 **组件2** 从 0度到 90度，然后再旋转 **组件3** 从 -90度到0度，代码实现：

Row(
      mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
      children: <Widget>[
        Stack(
          children: [
            _child1,
            Transform(
              alignment: Alignment.centerRight,
              transform: Matrix4.identity()
                ..setEntry(3, 2, 0.001)
                ..rotateY(_animation1.value),
              child: _child3,
            ),
          ],
        ),
        Container(
          width: 3,
          color: Colors.white,
        ),
        Stack(
          children: [
            _child4,
            Transform(
              alignment: Alignment.centerLeft,
              transform: Matrix4.identity()
                ..setEntry(3, 2, 0.001)
                ..rotateY(_animation.value),
              child: _child2,
            )
          ],
        )
      ],
    )

动画控制器设置：

@override
    void initState() {
      init();
      _controller =
          AnimationController(vsync: this, duration: Duration(seconds: 5))
            ..addListener(() {
              setState(() {});
            });
      _animation = Tween(begin: .0, end: pi / 2)
          .animate(CurvedAnimation(parent: _controller, curve: Interval(.0, .5)));
      _animation1 = Tween(begin: -pi / 2, end: 0.0).animate(
          CurvedAnimation(parent: _controller, curve: Interval(.5, 1.0)));
      _controller.forward();
      super.initState();
    }

其中 child1, child2为两种图片，代码如下：

_FlipUpDemoState(
        Container(
          width: 300,
          height: 400,
          child: Image.asset(
            'assets/images/b.jpg',
            fit: BoxFit.cover,
          ),
        ),
        Container(
          width: 300,
          height: 400,
          child: Image.asset(
            'assets/images/c.jpeg',
            fit: BoxFit.cover,
          ),
        ))

最后生成的效果就是开始的翻书效果。

上面是左右翻页效果，同理换成上下翻页效果：

@override
    Widget build(BuildContext context) {
      return Scaffold(
        appBar: AppBar(),
        body: Column(
          mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
          children: <Widget>[
            Stack(
              children: [
                _upperChild1,
                Transform(
                  alignment: Alignment.bottomCenter,
                  transform: Matrix4.identity()
                    ..setEntry(3, 2, 0.003)
                    ..rotateX(_animation1.value),
                  child: _upperChild2,
                ),
              ],
            ),
            SizedBox(
              height: 2,
            ),
            Stack(
              children: [
                _lowerChild2,
                Transform(
                  alignment: Alignment.topCenter,
                  transform: Matrix4.identity()
                    ..setEntry(3, 2, 0.003)
                    ..rotateX(_animation.value),
                  child: _lowerChild1,
                )
              ],
            )
          ],
        ),
      );
    }

![20200723074729228.png][]

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[20200723074723347.png]: /images/20230209/ddd6b9f3fa2748dd86b58ec2424f10d8.png
[20200723074724336.png]: /images/20230209/78de598f6e73463895dd2e22d49479cc.png
[20200723074725437.png]: /images/20230209/31c00730809544b7b6120633fdf8f562.png
[20200723074725819.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200723074725819.png
[20200723074728583.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200723074728583.png
[20200723074728675.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200723074728675.png
[20200723074728749.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200723074728749.png
[20200723074728983.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200723074728983.png
[2020072307472987.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2020072307472987.png
[20200723074729228.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200723074729228.png
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