源码分析Spring boot拦截器执行顺序

迈不过友情╰ 2023-03-03 15:29 39阅读 0赞

##### 一、提出问题 #####

1.  项目中存在多个拦截器，那么他们的执行顺序是如何的？
2.  如何设置拦截器执行顺序？

##### 二、前期准备 #####

项目结构：  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200731213416798.png]  
主要代码如下，有拦截器 A、B、C，代码基本与下一致：

/**
     * 拦截器 A
     *
     * @author ouyang
     * @version 1.0
     * @date 2020/7/30 15:18
     **/
    public class AInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
    
        private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(AInterceptor.class);
    
        @Override
        public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
            logger.info("拦截器 A preHandle 方法执行");
            return true;
        }
    
        @Override
        public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, @Nullable ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
            logger.info("拦截器 A postHandle 方法执行");
        }
    
        @Override
        public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, @Nullable Exception ex) throws Exception {
            logger.info("拦截器 A afterCompletion 方法执行");
        }
    }

配置拦截器类：

/**
     * 拦截器配置
     * @author ouyang
     * @version 1.0
     * @date 2020/7/30 15:19
     **/
    @Configuration
    public class InterceptorConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
    
        @Override
        public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
            registry.addInterceptor(new AInterceptor())
                    .addPathPatterns("/**");
    
            registry.addInterceptor(new BInterceptor())
                    .addPathPatterns("/**");
    
            registry.addInterceptor(new CInterceptor())
                    .addPathPatterns("/**");
        }
    }

##### 三、拦截器实际运行结果 #####

首先启动项目，任意访问一个接口，控制台打印如下：

2020-07-31 21:43:55.891  INFO 4284 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] com.study.aop.AInterceptor               : 拦截器 A preHandle 方法执行
    2020-07-31 21:43:55.891  INFO 4284 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] com.study.aop.BInterceptor               : 拦截器 B preHandle 方法执行
    2020-07-31 21:43:55.891  INFO 4284 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] com.study.aop.CInterceptor               : 拦截器 C preHandle 方法执行
    2020-07-31 21:43:55.936  INFO 4284 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] com.study.aop.CInterceptor               : 拦截器 C postHandle 方法执行
    2020-07-31 21:43:55.936  INFO 4284 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] com.study.aop.BInterceptor               : 拦截器 B postHandle 方法执行
    2020-07-31 21:43:55.936  INFO 4284 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] com.study.aop.AInterceptor               : 拦截器 A postHandle 方法执行
    2020-07-31 21:43:55.936  INFO 4284 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] com.study.aop.CInterceptor               : 拦截器 C afterCompletion 方法执行
    2020-07-31 21:43:55.936  INFO 4284 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] com.study.aop.BInterceptor               : 拦截器 B afterCompletion 方法执行
    2020-07-31 21:43:55.936  INFO 4284 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] com.study.aop.AInterceptor               : 拦截器 A afterCompletion 方法执行

从中可以看出，拦截器 A，B，C 中 `preHandle` 执行顺序与 `registry.addInterceptor()` 一致，`postHandle` 和 `afterCompletion` 反之。

接下来我们跟踪一下源码，分析为什么会是上述现象：  
首先 `WebMvcConfigurationSupport` 类中 `requestMappingHandlerMapping` 方法会将配置好的拦截器通过 `InterceptorRegistry` 类中 `getInterceptors()` 方法加载到 `RequestMappingHandlerMapping`；另外在请求时，通过 `DispatcherServlet` 中的 `doDispatch` 方法进行调用拦截器

如下是 `doDispatch` 方法：

protected void doDispatch(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
            HttpServletRequest processedRequest = request;
            HandlerExecutionChain mappedHandler = null;
            boolean multipartRequestParsed = false;
            WebAsyncManager asyncManager = WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request);
    
            try {
                try {
                    ModelAndView mv = null;
                    Object dispatchException = null;
    
                    try {
                        processedRequest = this.checkMultipart(request);
                        multipartRequestParsed = processedRequest != request;
                        mappedHandler = this.getHandler(processedRequest);
                        if (mappedHandler == null) {
                            this.noHandlerFound(processedRequest, response);
                            return;
                        }
    
                        HandlerAdapter ha = this.getHandlerAdapter(mappedHandler.getHandler());
                        String method = request.getMethod();
                        boolean isGet = "GET".equals(method);
                        if (isGet || "HEAD".equals(method)) {
                            long lastModified = ha.getLastModified(request, mappedHandler.getHandler());
                            if ((new ServletWebRequest(request, response)).checkNotModified(lastModified) && isGet) {
                                return;
                            }
                        }
    					// 执行拦截器的全部 preHandle 方法
                        if (!mappedHandler.applyPreHandle(processedRequest, response)) {
                            return;
                        }
    
                        mv = ha.handle(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler.getHandler());
                        if (asyncManager.isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
                            return;
                        }
    
                        this.applyDefaultViewName(processedRequest, mv);
                        // 执行拦截器的全部 postHandle 方法
                        mappedHandler.applyPostHandle(processedRequest, response, mv);
                    } catch (Exception var20) {
                        dispatchException = var20;
                    } catch (Throwable var21) {
                        dispatchException = new NestedServletException("Handler dispatch failed", var21);
                    }
    				
    				// 执行拦截器的全部 afterCompletion 方法
                    this.processDispatchResult(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, mv, (Exception)dispatchException);
                } catch (Exception var22) {
                    // 异常后，执行拦截器的全部 afterCompletion 方法
                    this.triggerAfterCompletion(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, var22);
                } catch (Throwable var23) {
                    // 异常后，执行拦截器的全部 afterCompletion 方法
                    this.triggerAfterCompletion(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, new NestedServletException("Handler processing failed", var23));
                }
    
            } finally {
                if (asyncManager.isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
                    if (mappedHandler != null) {
    mappedHandler.applyAfterConcurrentHandlingStarted(processedRequest, response);
                    }
                } else if (multipartRequestParsed) {
                    this.cleanupMultipart(processedRequest);
                }
    
            }
        }

首先我们先来看 `mappedHandler.applyPreHandle()` 方法实际方法：

boolean applyPreHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
            HandlerInterceptor[] interceptors = this.getInterceptors();
            if (!ObjectUtils.isEmpty(interceptors)) {
                for(int i = 0; i < interceptors.length; this.interceptorIndex = i++) {
                    HandlerInterceptor interceptor = interceptors[i];
                    if (!interceptor.preHandle(request, response, this.handler)) {
                        this.triggerAfterCompletion(request, response, (Exception)null);
                        return false;
                    }
                }
            }
    
            return true;
        }

我们可以看出 `applyPreHandle` 是按照 `HandlerInterceptor[] interceptors = this.getInterceptors();` 顺序执行的，也就是说 **默认（不设定拦截器顺序）** 是按照 `registry.addInterceptor()` 的顺序执行的；  
接下来我们看 `mappedHandler.applyPostHandle()` ，实际执行方法如下：

void applyPostHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, @Nullable ModelAndView mv) throws Exception {
            HandlerInterceptor[] interceptors = this.getInterceptors();
            if (!ObjectUtils.isEmpty(interceptors)) {
                for(int i = interceptors.length - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
                    HandlerInterceptor interceptor = interceptors[i];
                    interceptor.postHandle(request, response, this.handler, mv);
                }
            }
    
        }

可以看出是与 `applyPreHandle` 正好相反的顺序执行的；`mappedHandler.triggerAfterCompletion()` 方法如下所示：

void triggerAfterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, @Nullable Exception ex) throws Exception {
            HandlerInterceptor[] interceptors = this.getInterceptors();
            if (!ObjectUtils.isEmpty(interceptors)) {
                for(int i = this.interceptorIndex; i >= 0; --i) {
                    HandlerInterceptor interceptor = interceptors[i];
    
                    try {
                        interceptor.afterCompletion(request, response, this.handler, ex);
                    } catch (Throwable var8) {
                        logger.error("HandlerInterceptor.afterCompletion threw exception", var8);
                    }
                }
            }
        }

可以看出和 `applyPostHandle` 方法一致。

最后我们来看一下 `InterceptorRegistry` 类的 `addInterceptor` 和 `getInterceptors` 方法，源码如下：

public class InterceptorRegistry {
        private final List<InterceptorRegistration> registrations = new ArrayList();
        private static final Comparator<Object> INTERCEPTOR_ORDER_COMPARATOR;
    
        public InterceptorRegistry() {
        }
    
        public InterceptorRegistration addInterceptor(HandlerInterceptor interceptor) {
            InterceptorRegistration registration = new InterceptorRegistration(interceptor);
            this.registrations.add(registration);
            return registration;
        }
    
        public InterceptorRegistration addWebRequestInterceptor(WebRequestInterceptor interceptor) {
            WebRequestHandlerInterceptorAdapter adapted = new WebRequestHandlerInterceptorAdapter(interceptor);
            InterceptorRegistration registration = new InterceptorRegistration(adapted);
            this.registrations.add(registration);
            return registration;
        }
    
        protected List<Object> getInterceptors() {
            return (List)this.registrations.stream().sorted(INTERCEPTOR_ORDER_COMPARATOR).map(InterceptorRegistration::getInterceptor).collect(Collectors.toList());
        }
    
        static {
            INTERCEPTOR_ORDER_COMPARATOR = OrderComparator.INSTANCE.withSourceProvider((object) -> {
                if (object instanceof InterceptorRegistration) {
                    InterceptorRegistration var10000 = (InterceptorRegistration)object;
                    ((InterceptorRegistration)object).getClass();
                    return var10000::getOrder;
                } else {
                    return null;
                }
            });
        }
    }

不难看出， `addInterceptor` 方法是将拦截器放到 `List<InterceptorRegistration> registrations = new ArrayList();` 中，另外需要特别注意 `getInterceptors` 方法，有代码 `this.registrations.stream().sorted(INTERCEPTOR_ORDER_COMPARATOR)`，我们也可以看出 `registrations` 按照 `order` 升序排序，其中 `InterceptorRegistration` 类默认的 `private int order = 0;` ，可以通过 `order(int order)` 方法设置顺序。

##### 四、结论 #####

根据实践和源码分析，当项目中存在多个拦截器，那么他们的执行顺序是根据方法而定的，拦截器所有的 `preHandle` 方法是按照拦截器的 `order` 升序执行的，如果 `order` 一致，则按照添加顺序执行，`postHandle` 和 `afterCompletion` 方法执行顺序反之。  
另外我们可以通过使用 `order(int order)` 设定执行的先后顺序，如下代码所示。

@Override
        public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
            registry.addInterceptor(new AInterceptor())
                    .addPathPatterns("/**")
                    .order(3);
    
            registry.addInterceptor(new BInterceptor())
                    .addPathPatterns("/**")
                    .order(2);
    
            registry.addInterceptor(new CInterceptor())
                    .addPathPatterns("/**")
                    .order(1);
        }

综上所述，默认情况下（不设定拦截器顺序），`preHandle` 方法执行顺序与拦截器注册时顺序一致，`postHandle` 和 `afterCompletion` 方法执行顺序反之；如果我们给每个拦截器设定 `order` ，则 `preHandle` 方法执行顺序是按照 `order` 升序执行，`postHandle` 和 `afterCompletion` 方法执行顺序反之。

[20200731213416798.png]: /images/20230208/27820afe07b149a78e06214c83b5f372.png