Windows通过geth同步以太坊区块数据

淡淡的烟草味﹌ 2023-03-13 03:20 16阅读 0赞

## Windows通过geth同步以太坊区块数据 ##

前言：为了便于测试，我决定在自己电脑同步eth区块数据，虽然中途遇到一些问题，但最终还是同步好了。记录一下，希望能帮到有需要的人~

#### 一 下载geth客户端 ####

既然是通过geth同步，那么肯定是需要`下载geth客户端`的，同时，geth依赖于go语言环境，所以需要`先安装go语言`。

1.  `安装go语言`，具体操作我就不说了，和安装jdk差不多，下载->安装->配置环境变量；
2.  `下载geth`，[点击这里下载geth][geth]，但是这个链接需要翻墙，不然好慢好慢，甚至打不开。怎么办？没事儿，我为大家准备好了，[点我下载geth][geth 1]，提取码：**qe2y**

#### 二 安装geth开始数据同步 ####

第一步完成之后，安装到想要安装的目录，会生成一个`geth.exe`程序。请不要直接执行该程序，因为这样的话，默认会把区块数据存放到C盘（系统盘），235G左右，显然不是我们希望看到的。

此外，就算你直接运行geth.exe程序，几乎不会同步数据，因为找不到节点进行数据同步，会一直`Looking for peers`，但是这个问题在Linux服务器以及mac电脑不会发生，就windows系统会这样，本人亲测，也不知道为什么，这是歧视windos系统吗…

好了，废话不多说了，那么我们应该怎么做呢？

1.  通过`cmd`进入到geth.exe程序所在目录，win10的快捷键是：`按住shift`，然后`单击鼠标右键`，然后点击`在此处打开 Powershell窗口 (S)`。如下图所示：  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQyODE1NzU0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]  
    **关于启动命令，待会儿会做介绍。**
2.  通过以上命令启动的话，可以指定很多信息，但是还是没有解决我们的找不到节点进行数据同步问题。对于这个问题，我们需要`手动添加可用的以太坊节点`让我们的geth程序进行连接。  
      
    具体做法是新建一个`static-nodes.json`文件，并设置为`ANSI`格式，文件内容具就是可用的eth节点，这些节点从哪儿找呢？[点我即可（我是官方节点）][Link 1]，我已经帮大家找好了：  
    多说一句题外话，什么星火节点那些，都是不可用的，坑死人。我这个可用，我是从人家官网找来的。

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把以上内容`复制到 static-nodes.json 文件`，

说了这么多，`static-nodes.json` 文件该放在哪里呢？—> 放在`eth区块数据目录`下，就是上面的启动命令里面的`--datadir` 所设置的目录，我这里是 `E:\blockchain\eth\ethdata` 目录。

该目录在geth程序启动之后，会生成`geth`和`keystore`目录。

#### 三 geth程序启动命令详解 ####

//windows下geth启动命令
    ./geth.exe --identity "ethnodebyczj" --datadir "E:/blockchain/eth/ethdata" --syncmode "fast" --rpc --rpcapi "admin,web3,eth,personal,miner,net" --rpcaddr 127.0.0.1 --rpcport 8545 --rpccorsdomain "*" --cache=3072 --maxpeers 1000 --maxpendpeers 900
        
     
    //参数解析
    --identity "ethnodebyczj" 							给节点起名
    --datadir "E:/blockchain/eth/ethdata" 				将区块数据和keystore文件保存在  E:/blockchain/eth/ethdata 目录下
    --syncmode "fast"									开启快速同步模式
    --rpc 												开启RPC服务
    --rpcapi "admin,web3,eth,personal,miner,net" 		注明要开启哪些RPC服务
    --rpcaddr 0.0.0.0 									指定RPC服务的IP		
    --rpcport 8545 										指定RPC服务的端口
    --rpccorsdomain "*"									允许跨域请求
    --cache=3072 										分配给Geth的内存，理论上越大同步速度越快
    --maxpeers 1000										可连接的节点数量
    --maxpendpeers 900									同上

**再次强调**：`static-nodes.json` 文件需要放在区块数据存储目录下，并且`设置为ANSI格式`。

好了，以上就是windows下同步以太坊区块数据的过程，如果再有遇到什么问题，欢迎交流。

[geth]: https://geth.ethereum.org/downloads/
[geth 1]: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1h0hHE98z2xKdc873TUrP9g
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQyODE1NzU0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20230312/37199e49fa0a4c8ebca70dc1b8644e33.png
[Link 1]: https://www.ethernodes.org/tor-seed-nodes