CentOS8 安装配置使用 pdsh 并行分布式shell

╰半橙微兮° 2023-03-14 08:28 18阅读 0赞

**pdsh**

parallel distributed shell 可以在多台服务器上一起执行命令

pdsh使用前要先配置**ssh免密**，[CentOS8 设置无密码SSH，SSH免密][CentOS8 _SSH_SSH]

**下载地址**  
https://sourceforge.net/projects/pdsh/

**安装**  
\[root@dev10 opt\]\# tar -jxvf pdsh-2.26.tar.bz2  
\[root@dev10 opt\]\# cd pdsh-2.26  
\[root@dev10 pdsh-2.26\]\# ./configure \\  
\--without-rsh \\  
\--with-ssh \\  
\--with-machines=/etc/pdsh/machines \\  
\--with-dshgroups \\  
\--with-netgroup \\  
\--with-timeout=10

有哪些配置请参考pdsh-2.26/README文件。  
\[root@dev10 pdsh-2.26\]\# make && make install

\[root@dev10 pdsh-2.26\]\# pdsh -V  
pdsh-2.26  
rcmd modules: ssh,exec (default: ssh)  
misc modules: machines

相关文件

mkdir /etc/pdsh

vi /etc/pdsh/machines （pdsh要一起操作的机器名）  
dev10  
dev11  
dev12  
dev13

/usr/local/bin/pdsh  
/usr/local/lib/pdsh

**pdsh 样例**

\[root@dev10 pdsh-2.26\]\# pdsh -a date  
dev10: 2020年 05月 16日 星期六 13:52:18 CST  
dev12: 2020年 05月 16日 星期六 13:52:18 CST  
dev11: 2020年 05月 16日 星期六 13:52:18 CST  
dev13: 2020年 05月 16日 星期六 13:52:18 CST

pdsh命令窗口，执行多条命令

\[root@dev10 ~\]\# pdsh -a  
pdsh> pwd  
dev10: /root  
dev11: /root  
dev12: /root  
dev13: /root  
pdsh> exit

一次执行多条命令，包括cd

\[root@dev10 pdsh-2.26\]\# pdsh -a "cd /opt; tar -zxvf jdk-8u192-linux-x64.tar.gz"

在范围内执行

\[root@dev10 ~\]\# pdsh -w dev11,dev12,dev13 hostname  
dev11: dev11  
dev13: dev13  
dev12: dev12

\[root@dev10 ~\]\# pdsh -w dev\[11-12,13\] hostname  
dev11: dev11  
dev12: dev12  
dev13: dev13

\[root@dev10 ~\]\# pdsh -w ssh:root@dev\[11-13\] hostname  
dev13: dev13  
dev11: dev11  
dev12: dev12

复制文件

\[root@dev10 ~\]\# pdcp -w ssh:root@dev\[11,12-13\] /opt/testFile.txt /opt  
\[root@dev10 ~\]\# pdsh -a ls -lrt /opt | grep testFile  
dev10: -rw-r--r--.  1 root root         0 5月  17 10:16 testFile.txt  
dev12: -rw-r--r--.  1 root root         0 5月  17 10:18 testFile.txt  
dev13: -rw-r--r--.  1 root root         0 5月  17 10:18 testFile.txt  
dev11: -rw-r--r--.  1 root root         0 5月  17 10:18 testFile.txt

复制目录

\[root@dev10 ~\]\# pdcp **-r** \-w ssh:root@dev\[11,12-13\] /opt/testDir /opt  
\[root@dev10 ~\]\# pdsh -a ls -lrt /opt | grep testDir  
dev13: drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root        24 5月  17 10:21 testDir  
dev10: drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root        24 5月  17 10:17 testDir  
dev12: drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root        24 5月  17 10:21 testDir  
dev11: drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root        24 5月  17 10:21 testDir

环境变量的问题

使用pdsh，在/etc/profile下配的环境变量无效，

\[root@dev10 ~\]\# pdsh -a "java -version"  
dev13: bash: java: command not found  
pdsh@dev10: dev13: ssh exited with exit code 127  
dev10: bash: java: command not found  
pdsh@dev10: dev10: ssh exited with exit code 127  
dev11: bash: java: command not found  
pdsh@dev10: dev11: ssh exited with exit code 127  
dev12: bash: java: command not found  
pdsh@dev10: dev12: ssh exited with exit code 127

\[root@dev10 ~\]\# pdsh -a "source /etc/profile;java -version"  
dev11: java version "1.8.0\_192"  
dev11: Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0\_192-b12)  
dev11: Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.192-b12, mixed mode)  
dev10: java version "1.8.0\_192"  
dev10: Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0\_192-b12)  
dev10: Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.192-b12, mixed mode)  
dev13: java version "1.8.0\_192"  
dev13: Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0\_192-b12)  
dev13: Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.192-b12, mixed mode)  
dev12: java version "1.8.0\_192"  
dev12: Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0\_192-b12)  
dev12: Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.192-b12, mixed mode)

可以在/**etc/bashrc**下把/etc/profile配的内容再配一遍，就可以了，

\[root@dev10 ~\]\# pdsh -a "java -version"  
dev12: java version "1.8.0\_192"  
dev12: Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0\_192-b12)  
dev12: Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.192-b12, mixed mode)  
dev10: java version "1.8.0\_192"  
dev10: Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0\_192-b12)  
dev10: Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.192-b12, mixed mode)  
dev11: java version "1.8.0\_192"  
dev11: Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0\_192-b12)  
dev11: Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.192-b12, mixed mode)  
dev13: java version "1.8.0\_192"  
dev13: Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0\_192-b12)  
dev13: Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.192-b12, mixed mode)

**命令帮助**

\[root@dev10 ~\]\# pdsh -h  
Usage: pdsh \[-options\] command ...  
\-S                return largest of remote command return values  
\-h                output usage menu and quit  
\-V                output version information and quit  
\-q                list the option settings and quit  
\-b                disable ^C status feature (batch mode)  
\-d                enable extra debug information from ^C status  
\-l user           execute remote commands as user  
\-t seconds        set connect timeout (default is 10 sec)  
\-u seconds        set command timeout (no default)  
\-f n              use fanout of n nodes  
\-w host,host,...  set target node list on command line  
\-x host,host,...  set node exclusion list on command line  
\-R name           set rcmd module to name  
\-M name,...       select one or more misc modules to initialize first  
\-N                disable hostname: labels on output lines  
\-L                list info on all loaded modules and exit  
\-g groupname      target hosts in dsh group "groupname"  
\-X groupname      exclude hosts in dsh group "groupname"  
\-a                target all nodes  
available rcmd modules: ssh,exec (default: ssh)

**报错处理**

\[root@dev13 pdsh-2.26\]\# pdsh -a hostname  
dev13: ssh\_askpass: exec(/usr/libexec/openssh/ssh-askpass): No such file or directory  
dev13: Host key verification failed.  
pdsh@dev13: dev13: ssh exited with exit code 255  
dev12: ssh\_askpass: exec(/usr/libexec/openssh/ssh-askpass): No such file or directory  
dev12: Host key verification failed.  
pdsh@dev13: dev12: ssh exited with exit code 255  
dev11: ssh\_askpass: exec(/usr/libexec/openssh/ssh-askpass): No such file or directory  
dev11: Host key verification failed.  
pdsh@dev13: dev11: ssh exited with exit code 255

把SSH免密配上就好了

[CentOS8 _SSH_SSH]: https://mp.csdn.net/console/editor/html/106169760