ubuntu18.04 --编译安装opencv4.x 3.x和DarkNet-YoloV3

矫情吗；* 2023-05-29 06:58 2阅读 0赞

参考网址：

[https://linuxize.com/post/how-to-install-opencv-on-ubuntu-18-04/][https_linuxize.com_post_how-to-install-opencv-on-ubuntu-18-04]

[https://www.learnopencv.com/install-opencv-3-4-4-on-ubuntu-18-04/][https_www.learnopencv.com_install-opencv-3-4-4-on-ubuntu-18-04]

下载源码

【在安装完Anaconda后，在编译安装OpenCV时，遇到了libtiff.so libglib.so等库的问题，目前没有找到好的方法，那就先编译安装完OpenCV后，再安装Anaconda】

### 准备工作：安装需要的包 ###

sudo apt-get install build-essential cmake pkg-config libgtk-3-dev

sudo apt install libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libv4l-dev libxvidcore-dev libx264-dev

sudo apt install libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev gfortran openexr libatlas-base-dev

下载的是opencv-4.1.2.zip opencv-3.4.8.zip

OpenCV4.x的解压：

unzip opencv-4.1.2.zip

cd opencv-4.1.2

mkdir release

cd release

cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/opencv ..

cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/opencv -D OPENCV_GENERATE_PKGCONFIG=on ..

make

sudo make install

运行完成后 ，在文件夹 /usr/local 下多了一个“ opencv”文件夹

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly96aGFuZ3BpbmcuYmxvZy5jc2RuLm5ldA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly96aGFuZ3BpbmcuYmxvZy5jc2RuLm5ldA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

可以看一下这个文件夹下的内容，如果编译安装的是OpenCV 4.x

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly96aGFuZ3BpbmcuYmxvZy5jc2RuLm5ldA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly96aGFuZ3BpbmcuYmxvZy5jc2RuLm5ldA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

在文件夹“/usr/local/opencv/lib”下没有文件夹“pkgconfig”，也就是我们在使用opencv的时候，不能用“pkg-config”命令。

在CMakeList.txt文件中，有一个命令“OPENCV\_GENERATE\_PKGCONFIG”，

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly96aGFuZ3BpbmcuYmxvZy5jc2RuLm5ldA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

针对OpenCV4.x，该参数默认是 “off”,对于OpenCV3.x，该参数的默认值是“on”,所以我们在用 cmake命令时，OPENCV\_GENERATE\_PKGCONFIG=on即可，那么在安装完成后就会在文件夹“/usr/local/opencv/lib”下，多了一个“pkgconfig”文件夹，

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly96aGFuZ3BpbmcuYmxvZy5jc2RuLm5ldA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

需要注意的是，如果编译安装是OpenCV4.x版本，那么在“pkgconfig”文件夹下是

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly96aGFuZ3BpbmcuYmxvZy5jc2RuLm5ldA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]

如果编译安装是OpenCV3.x版本，那么“pkgconfig”文件夹是 “opencv.pc”而不是“opencv4.pc”。配置环境变量：

gedit /etc/profile

或者

/etc/bash.bashrc

在文件末尾追加：

PKG\_CONFIG\_PATH=$PKG\_CONFIG\_PATH:/usr/local/opencv/lib/pkgconfig  
export PKG\_CONFIG\_PATH

source /etc/profile

重启电脑。

如果编译安装的是OpenCV4.x，使用以下命令测试：

pkg-config --libs --cflags opencv4

如果编译安装的是OpenCV3.x，使用以下命令测试：

pkg-config --libs --cflags opencv

在编译安装DarkNet时，打开Makefile文件，是利用 pkg-config 命令链接opencv，而且 是opencv.pc。如果编译安装的是opencv4.x版本，将Makefile文件改为 "opencv4"就可以。

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly96aGFuZ3BpbmcuYmxvZy5jc2RuLm5ldA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly96aGFuZ3BpbmcuYmxvZy5jc2RuLm5ldA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8][]

但是还是会出现以下错误：

![20191106153231192.png][]

这是因为DarkNet的源码中，使用了类IplImage，但是OpenCV4.x版本中，已经全部将其移除了，所以最好安装OpenCV3.x版本。

配置环境变量：

PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/opencv/bin  
export PATH

LD\_LIBRARY\_PATH=$LD\_LIBRARY\_PATH:/usr/local/opencv/lib

export LD\_LIBRARY\_PATH

否则在运行./darknet时，会出现以下错误，找不到对应的动态库：

![20191106144209293.png][]

只要配置上 LD\_LIBRARY\_PATH 就可以正常运行：

![2019110614461425.png][]

\---- ------------------------

pip命令安装Python:

![20191114071520777.PNG][]

在Spyder里解决对应包，代码提示和补全的问题，文件夹

/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/spyder/utils/introspection/module\_completion.py

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly96aGFuZ3BpbmcuYmxvZy5jc2RuLm5ldA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9][]

在列表变量“mods”里继续添加对应的包名即可，如“cv2”

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly96aGFuZ3BpbmcuYmxvZy5jc2RuLm5ldA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly96aGFuZ3BpbmcuYmxvZy5jc2RuLm5ldA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11][]

pip卸载opencv

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly96aGFuZ3BpbmcuYmxvZy5jc2RuLm5ldA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12][]

![2019111407175560.PNG][]

[https_linuxize.com_post_how-to-install-opencv-on-ubuntu-18-04]: https://linuxize.com/post/how-to-install-opencv-on-ubuntu-18-04/
[https_www.learnopencv.com_install-opencv-3-4-4-on-ubuntu-18-04]: https://www.learnopencv.com/install-opencv-3-4-4-on-ubuntu-18-04/
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[20191106153231192.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20191106153231192.png
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