微软的分布式应用框架 Dapr Helloworld

深碍√TFBOYSˉ_ 2023-05-29 15:23 5阅读 0赞

# Dapr HelloWorld #

## Dapr ##

> Distributed Application Runtime. An event-driven, portable runtime for building microservices on cloud and edge.

分布式应用运行时、事件驱动、为云和边缘构建微服务提供便携化运行时。

我现在也不是很懂。

### [dapr/dapr][dapr_dapr] ###

[GitHub][dapr_dapr]

> Dapr is a portable, serverless, event-driven runtime that makes it easy for developers to build resilient, stateless and stateful microservices that run on the cloud and edge and embraces the diversity of languages and developer frameworks.
> 
> Dapr codifies the *best practices* for building microservice applications into open, independent, building blocks that enable you to build portable applications with the language and framework of your choice. Each building block is independent and you can use one, some, or all of them in your application.

比上面的介绍多了 stateless or stateful 的标签。学《计算理论》的时候接触过一些状态机。

> ”状态是万恶之源“

注意提到了多语言和多开发者框架，我认为这是他选择的通过通信共享信息，即 `HTTP` 和 `GRPC` 支持多语言等特性。微软想通过这个设定一个构建微服务应用的规则。从根本上确立你开发的每一个应用的独立性。

下面进行一个 QuickStart

## 环境 ##

1.  Install [Docker][]（微服务已经离不开容器化了）
2.  Install [Dapr][]
3.  [Node.js version 8 or greater][]（这个 Helloworld 是 node 应用）

### On MacOS ###

Install the latest darwin Dapr CLI to `/usr/local/bin`

curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/dapr/cli/master/install/install.sh | /bin/bash

有条件可以加速

执行初始化（会启动 docker 容器）

$ dapr init
    ⌛  Making the jump to hyperspace...
    Downloading binaries and setting up components
    ✅  Success! Dapr is up and running
    
    $ docker ps
    CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                        NAMES
    b3a5600e672f        redis                "docker-entrypoint.s…"   44 hours ago        Up 44 hours         0.0.0.0:6379->6379/tcp       xenodochial_hofstadter
    e5010ba0c33f        daprio/dapr          "./placement"            44 hours ago        Up 44 hours         0.0.0.0:50005->50005/tcp     dapr_placement

## HelloWorld ##

### Application Architecture ###

![image.png\_www.wityx.com][image.png_www.wityx.com]  
能够看到暴露两个 `endpoint` 是 `HTTP` 访问，一个创建一个查询。

主要看我们使用 `Dapr` 的交互。在图中它作为 `Runtime`

*  提供 Dapr API 给多语言调用。
 *  提供 状态管理 By state stores

### Download Code ###

下载并进入相应文件夹

git clone https://github.com/dapr/samples.git
    cd samples/1.hello-world

### Cat app.js ###

// $ cat app.js 
    // ------------------------------------------------------------
    // Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
    // Licensed under the MIT License.
    // ------------------------------------------------------------
    
    const express = require('express');
    const bodyParser = require('body-parser');
    require('isomorphic-fetch');
    
    const app = express();
    app.use(bodyParser.json());
    
    const daprPort = process.env.DAPR_HTTP_PORT || 3500;
    const stateUrl = `http://localhost:${daprPort}/v1.0/state`;
    const port = 3000;
    
    app.get('/order', (_req, res) => {
        fetch(`${stateUrl}/order`)
            .then((response) => {
                return response.json();
            }).then((orders) => {
                res.send(orders);
            });
    });
    
    app.post('/neworder', (req, res) => {
        const data = req.body.data;
        const orderId = data.orderId;
        console.log("Got a new order! Order ID: " + orderId);
    
        const state = [{
            key: "order",
            value: data
        }];
    
        fetch(stateUrl, {
            method: "POST",
            body: JSON.stringify(state),
            headers: {
                "Content-Type": "application/json"
            }
        }).then((response) => {
            console.log((response.ok) ? "Successfully persisted state" : "Failed to persist state");
        });
    
        res.status(200).send();
    });
    
    app.listen(port, () => console.log(`Node App listening on port ${port}!`));

这是一些路由和 `handlers`

注意 14-16 行

const daprPort = process.env.DAPR_HTTP_PORT || 3500;
    const stateUrl = `http://localhost:${daprPort}/v1.0/state`;
    const port = 3000;

3500 是 `Dapr` 的环境端口，如果你安装时有改动，需要考虑。  
`stateurl` 就是 `Dapr` 提供的 URL 了

#### Handlers ####

##### /neworder #####

app.post('/neworder', (req, res) => {
        const data = req.body.data;
        const orderId = data.orderId;
        console.log("Got a new order! Order ID: " + orderId);
    
        const state = [{
            key: "order",
            value: data
        }];
    
        fetch(stateUrl, {
            method: "POST",
            body: JSON.stringify(state),
            headers: {
                "Content-Type": "application/json"
            }
        }).then((response) => {
            console.log((response.ok) ? "Successfully persisted state" : "Failed to persist state");
        });
    
        res.status(200).send();
    });

这里重点是状态存储，即将 `state` 通过 `stateurl` 存储在 `Dapr` 中。

##### /order #####

我们并不是直接通过 `res.json` 作为 `Response` 来进行已经持久化的数据的使用，而是通过暴露一个 GET endpoint 通过访问它来验证持久化是否成功。

app.get('/order', (_req, res) => {
        fetch(`${stateUrl}/order`)
            .then((response) => {
                return response.json();
            }).then((orders) => {
                res.send(orders);
            });
    });

现在我们通过状态转移在 `Dapr` 里实现了 `stateless`，同样我们也可以在加上一个 `local cache` 并通过一个新的 endpoint 访问来使 `Node` application 变成 `stateful`

### Dapr Run Node.js App ###

1.  `npm install` ：通过当前目录下的 `package.json` , 会安装 `express` 和 `body-parser` ，在 app.js 7-8行我们可以看到这两项。
2.  `dapr run --app-id mynode --app-port 3000 --port 3500 node app.js`

$ dapr run --app-id mynode --app-port 3000 --port 3500 node app.js
    ℹ️  Starting Dapr with id mynode. HTTP Port: 3500. gRPC Port: 55099
    ✅  You're up and running! Both Dapr and your app logs will appear here.

应该是有后台运行的 `CLI` 命令，这里是前台打印的日志

== DAPR == time="2019-11-06T10:37:41+08:00" level=info msg="starting Dapr Runtime -- version 0.1.0 -- commit 4358565-dirty"
    == DAPR == time="2019-11-06T10:37:41+08:00" level=info msg="log level set to: info"
    == DAPR == time="2019-11-06T10:37:41+08:00" level=info msg="standalone mode configured"
    == DAPR == time="2019-11-06T10:37:41+08:00" level=info msg="dapr id: mynode"
    == DAPR == time="2019-11-06T10:37:41+08:00" level=info msg="loaded component messagebus (pubsub.redis)"
    == DAPR == time="2019-11-06T10:37:41+08:00" level=info msg="loaded component statestore (state.redis)"
    == DAPR == time="2019-11-06T10:37:41+08:00" level=info msg="application protocol: http. waiting on port 3000"
    == APP == Node App listening on port 3000!
    == DAPR == time="2019-11-06T10:37:42+08:00" level=info msg="application discovered on port 3000"
    == DAPR == 2019/11/06 10:37:42 redis: connecting to localhost:6379
    == DAPR == 2019/11/06 10:37:42 redis: connected to localhost:6379 (localAddr: [::1]:55130, remAddr: [::1]:6379)
    == DAPR == time="2019-11-06T10:37:42+08:00" level=info msg="actor runtime started. actor idle timeout: 1h0m0s. actor scan interval: 30s"
    == DAPR == time="2019-11-06T10:37:42+08:00" level=info msg="actors: starting connection attempt to placement service at localhost:50005"
    == DAPR == time="2019-11-06T10:37:42+08:00" level=info msg="http server is running on port 3500"
    == DAPR == time="2019-11-06T10:37:42+08:00" level=info msg="gRPC server is running on port 55099"
    == DAPR == time="2019-11-06T10:37:42+08:00" level=info msg="local service entry announced"
    == DAPR == time="2019-11-06T10:37:42+08:00" level=info msg="dapr initialized. Status: Running. Init Elapsed 945.8297490000001ms"
    == DAPR == time="2019-11-06T10:37:42+08:00" level=info msg="actors: established connection to placement service at localhost:50005"
    == DAPR == time="2019-11-06T10:37:42+08:00" level=info msg="actors: placement order received: lock"
    == DAPR == time="2019-11-06T10:37:42+08:00" level=info msg="actors: placement order received: update"
    == DAPR == time="2019-11-06T10:37:42+08:00" level=info msg="actors: placement tables updated"
    == DAPR == time="2019-11-06T10:37:42+08:00" level=info msg="actors: placement order received: unlock"

⚠️：注意到 Node App 在指定的 3000 端口运行，同时还有状态存储的 [redis][] 在 6379 端口运行

### Post and Get ###

接下来注意，文中的端口是 `app.js` 里默认的 `3500`

#### Post ####

##### Curl #####

curl -XPOST -d @sample.json http://localhost:3500/v1.0/invoke/mynode/method/neworder

##### Vscode #####

如果你用 vscode ，使用这个插件 [Rest Client Plugin][]  
然后打开目录下的 `sample.http` , 可以看到 send request 的选项  
[sample.http][]

POST http://localhost:3500/v1.0/invoke/mynode/method/neworder
    {
      "data": {
        "orderId": "42"
      } 
    }

##### Postman #####

如图： `http://localhost:3500/v1.0/invoke/mynode/method/neworder` [![www.wityx.com][]][www.wityx.com 1]

##### Result Update #####

你可以在你启动的终端中看到新的日志

== APP == Got a new order! Order ID: 42
    == APP == Successfully persisted state

#### Get ####

##### Curl #####

curl http://localhost:3500/v1.0/invoke/mynode/method/order

##### Vscode #####

[sample.http][]

GET http://localhost:3500/v1.0/invoke/mynode/method/order

##### Postman #####

### Terminate ###

`ctrl + c` 或者 `dapr stop --app-id mynode`

^C
    ℹ️  terminated signal received: shutting down
    ✅  Exited Dapr successfully
    ✅  Exited App successfully

## Feature ##

*  具有可插入提供程序和至少一次语义的事件驱动的Pub-Sub系统
 *  使用可插入提供程序的输入和输出绑定
 *  具有可插拔数据存储的状态管理
 *  一致的服务到服务发现和调用
 *  选择加入状态模型：强大/最终一致性，首次写入/最后写入获胜
 *  跨平台虚拟演员
 *  限速
 *  使用OpenTelemetry的内置分布式跟踪
 *  使用专用的Operator和CRD在Kubernetes上本地运行
 *  通过HTTP和gRPC支持所有编程语言
 *  来自Azure，AWS，GCP的多云，开放式组件（绑定，发布-订阅，状态）
 *  作为过程或容器化在任何地方运行
 *  轻量级（58MB二进制，4MB物理内存）
 *  作为辅助工具运行-无需特殊的SDK或库
 *  专用的CLI-易于调试的开发人员友好体验
 *  Java，Dotnet，Go，Javascript和Python的客户端

## Refer ##

*  [https://github.com/dapr/dapr][dapr_dapr]
 *  [https://github.com/dapr/docs/blob/master/getting-started/environment-setup.md\#environment-setup][Dapr]
 *  [https://github.com/dapr/docs/tree/master/howto][https_github.com_dapr_docs_tree_master_howto]
 *  [https://github.com/dapr/samples][https_github.com_dapr_samples]
 *  [https://github.com/dapr/samples/tree/master/1.hello-world][https_github.com_dapr_samples_tree_master_1.hello-world]

[dapr_dapr]: https://github.com/dapr/dapr
[Docker]: https://docs.docker.com/install/
[Dapr]: https://github.com/dapr/docs/blob/master/getting-started/environment-setup.md#environment-setup
[Node.js version 8 or greater]: https://nodejs.org/en/
[image.png_www.wityx.com]: https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/0/2019/png/176280/1573008268152-2314aa7b-439d-4a55-936a-75e4ddfd39a4.png#align=left&display=inline&height=841&name=image.png&originHeight=841&originWidth=1530&search=&size=111558&status=done&width=1530
[redis]: http://www.wityx.com/post/712_1_1.html
[Rest Client Plugin]: https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=humao.rest-client
[sample.http]: https://github.com/dapr/samples/blob/master/1.hello-world/sample.http
[www.wityx.com]: https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/0/2019/jpeg/176280/1573037725119-85ebabe6-5c08-408d-8547-3ef1d48087ca.jpeg#align=left&display=inline&height=291&originHeight=291&originWidth=1398&search=&size=0&status=done&width=1398
[www.wityx.com 1]: https://github.com/dapr/samples/blob/master/1.hello-world/img/postman1.jpg
[https_github.com_dapr_docs_tree_master_howto]: https://github.com/dapr/docs/tree/master/howto
[https_github.com_dapr_samples]: https://github.com/dapr/samples
[https_github.com_dapr_samples_tree_master_1.hello-world]: https://github.com/dapr/samples/tree/master/1.hello-world