Linux定时备份MYSQL数据

亦凉 2023-05-31 02:41 12阅读 0赞

**创建文件夹 存放脚本 和 备份sql**

mkdir backup
    cd backup 
    vi  backup.sh

#!/bin/bash
    
    # 以下配置信息请自己修改
    mysql_user="USER" #MySQL备份用户
    mysql_password="PASSWORD" #MySQL备份用户的密码
    mysql_host="localhost"
    mysql_port="3306"
    mysql_charset="utf8" #MySQL编码
    backup_db_arr=("db1" "db2") #要备份的数据库名称，多个用空格分开隔开 如("db1" "db2" "db3")
    backup_location=/opt/mysql  #备份数据存放位置，末尾请不要带"/",此项可以保持默认，程序会自动创建文件夹
    expire_backup_delete="ON" #是否开启过期备份删除 ON为开启 OFF为关闭
    expire_days=3 #过期时间天数 默认为三天，此项只有在expire_backup_delete开启时有效
    
    # 本行开始以下不需要修改
    backup_time=`date +%Y%m%d%H%M`  #定义备份详细时间
    backup_Ymd=`date +%Y-%m-%d` #定义备份目录中的年月日时间
    backup_3ago=`date -d '3 days ago' +%Y-%m-%d` #3天之前的日期
    backup_dir=$backup_location/$backup_Ymd  #备份文件夹全路径
    welcome_msg="Welcome to use MySQL backup tools!" #欢迎语
    
    # 判断MYSQL是否启动,mysql没有启动则备份退出
    mysql_ps=`ps -ef |grep mysql |wc -l`
    mysql_listen=`netstat -an |grep LISTEN |grep $mysql_port|wc -l`
    if [ [$mysql_ps == 0] -o [$mysql_listen == 0] ]; then
            echo "ERROR:MySQL is not running! backup stop!"
            exit
    else
            echo $welcome_msg
    fi
    
    # 连接到mysql数据库，无法连接则备份退出
    mysql -h$mysql_host -P$mysql_port -u$mysql_user -p$mysql_password <<end
    use mysql;
    select host,user from user where user='root' and host='localhost';
    exit
    end
    
    flag=`echo $?`
    if [ $flag != "0" ]; then
            echo "ERROR:Can't connect mysql server! backup stop!"
            exit
    else
            echo "MySQL connect ok! Please wait......"
            # 判断有没有定义备份的数据库，如果定义则开始备份，否则退出备份
            if [ "$backup_db_arr" != "" ];then
                    #dbnames=$(cut -d ',' -f1-5 $backup_database)
                    #echo "arr is (${backup_db_arr[@]})"
                    for dbname in ${ backup_db_arr[@]}
                    do
                            echo "database $dbname backup start..."
                            `mkdir -p $backup_dir`
                            `mysqldump -h$mysql_host -P$mysql_port -u$mysql_user -p$mysql_password $dbname --default-character-set=$mysql_charset | gzip > $backup_dir/$dbname-$backup_time.sql.gz`
                            flag=`echo $?`
                            if [ $flag == "0" ];then
                                    echo "database $dbname success backup to $backup_dir/$dbname-$backup_time.sql.gz"
                            else
                                    echo "database $dbname backup fail!"
                            fi
                            
                    done
            else
                    echo "ERROR:No database to backup! backup stop"
                    exit
            fi
            # 如果开启了删除过期备份，则进行删除操作
            if [ "$expire_backup_delete" == "ON" -a  "$backup_location" != "" ];then
                     #`find $backup_location/ -type d -o -type f -ctime +$expire_days -exec rm -rf { } \;`
                     `find $backup_location/ -type d -mtime +$expire_days | xargs rm -rf`
                     echo "Expired backup data delete complete!"
            fi
            echo "All database backup success! Thank you!"
            exit
    fi

给 backup.sh权限

chmod u+x backup.sh

添加定时任务计划

crontab -e

然后在里面输入该命令

30 01 * * * /developer/backup/backup.sh

表示每天晚上1点30分会执行

crontab: installing new crontab表示执行新的定时任务  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200625142553386.png]  
如果提示该错误，那么删除root文件夹，重新来一遍就可以了  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200625142853451.png]

[20200625142553386.png]: /images/20230531/68aa955760ce4f9f861c91b46b7fd12c.png
[20200625142853451.png]: /images/20230531/54885e4d1f2b4ca79643e87ad4b69b77.png