linux安装php7.3

一时失言乱红尘 2023-06-17 10:53 14阅读 0赞

linux环境下安装php7.3。linux版本contOS 7.7 64位，PHP版本7.3.12。

（旧的linux contOS 6和PHP7.2安装的时候，安装PHP./configure报错：configure: error: cannot find sources (README.GIT-RULES) in . or，用最新的linux版本和php版本可以解决这个问题）

1.安装nginx

安装nginx依赖库：

#安装Nginx的编译环境gcc
    yum install gcc-c++
     
    #nginx的http模块使用pcre解析正则表达式所以安装perl兼容的正则表达式库
    yum install -y pcre pcre-devel
     
    #nginx使用zlib对http包的内容进行gzip
    yum install -y zlib zlib-devel
     
    #nginx不仅支持http协议，还支持https（即在ssl协议上传输http），如果使用了https，需要安装OpenSSL库
    yum install -y openssl openssl-devel

下载nginx，下载地址： http://nginx.org/en/download.html 选择下载的版本，我这里选择    nginx-1.17.6，进入到下载路径，输入下载命令：

cd /usr/local/
    wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.17.6.tar.gz
    tar -zxvf nginx-1.17.6.tar.gz
    rm nginx-1.17.6.tar.gz
    mv nginx-1.17.6 nginx
    cd nginx
    ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
    make
    make install
     
    #遇到make错误 /usr/local/nginx 路径不存在不管，继续 make install
     
    #添加Nginx环境变量，可以在命令行直接输入Nginx命令
    vim /etc/profile
    #在最后添加Nginx的路径
    export NGINX_HOME=/usr/local/nginx
    export PATH=$PATH:$NGINX_HOME/sbin
     
    #重新编译环境变量
    source /etc/profile
     
    #启动nginx
    cd sbin
    ./nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
     
    #我这边启动时报错：
    nginx: [alert] could not open error log file: open() "/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log" failed (2: No such file or directory)
    2018/09/25 13:59:56 [emerg] 15555#0: open() "/usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log" failed (2: No such file or directory)
    #需要手动创建logs文件夹
    mkdir /usr/local/nginx/logs
    #再启动
    ./nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

2.安装PHP

安装PHP依赖包：

yum install libxml2
    yum install libxml2-devel

安装cmake （需要安装libzip最新版本，而libzip最新版本的安装需要用到cmake）：

wget https://cmake.org/files/v3.16/cmake-3.16.0.tar.gz
    tar -zvxf cmake-3.16.0.tar.gz
    rm cmake-3.16.0.tar.gz
    ./bootstrap
    gmake
    make install

测试cmake是否安装成功：

cmake --version

安装libzip：

wget https://libzip.org/download/libzip-1.5.2.tar.gz
    tar -xvzf libzip-1.5.2.tar.gz
    rm libzip-1.5.2.tar.gz
    cd libzip-1.5.2
    mkdir build
    cd build
    cmake ..
    make
    make install

下载php7，下载地址: http://cn2.php.net/distributions/php-7.3.12.tar.gz ，选择下载的版本，进入到下载路径，输入下载命令：

cd /usr/local
    wget http://cn2.php.net/distributions/php-7.3.12.tar.gz
    tar -zxvf php-7.3.12.tar.gz
    rm php-7.3.12.tar.gz
    mv php-7.3.12 php
    cd php
    ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-zlib --enable-zip --with-openssl --enable-fpm --enable-mbstring --with-libdir=lib64
    make
    make install
     
    cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
    cp sapi/fpm/php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
    #添加执行权限
    chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm
    #php-fpm的配置文件
    cp etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
    cp etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
     
    #设置默认启动php-fpm子进程数和最大启动数
    vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
    pm.max_children = 200
    pm.start_servers = 20
    pm.min_spare_servers = 10
    pm.max_spare_servers = 30
     
    #设置环境变量
    vim /etc/profile
    #最后一行加入
    export PATH=/usr/local/php/bin:$PATH
     
    #刷新环境变量
    source /etc/profile
     
    #启动
    /etc/init.d/php-fpm

附上重启php-fpm的命令：

#找到master的进程ID
    ps -ef | grep php
    kill ID
    #然后再次启动
    /etc/init.d/php-fpm

3.配置nginx支持php

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
    #在http模块里面添加下面内容
    server {
        listen       81;
        root        /data/www/;
        server_name 47.92.121.12;
    
        location / {
            index  index.htm index.html index.php;
            if (!-e $request_filename) {
               rewrite  ^/(.*)$  /index.php/$1  last;
               break;
            }
        }
    
    
        location ~ \.php/?.*$ {
            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
            include        fastcgi.conf;
    
            set $fastcgi_script_name2 $fastcgi_script_name;
            if ($fastcgi_script_name ~ "^(.+\.php)(/.+)$") {
                set $fastcgi_script_name2 $1;
                set $path_info $2;
            }
            fastcgi_param   PATH_INFO $path_info;
            fastcgi_param   SCRIPT_FILENAME   $document_root$fastcgi_script_name2;
            fastcgi_param   SCRIPT_NAME   $fastcgi_script_name2;
            fastcgi_param  ENV_TYPE product;
        }
        location ~* \.(ini|cfg|json|txt|lock|log)$ {
             return 404;
        }
    }

其中81端口是自定义端口，如果是阿里云服务器需要到阿里云管理后台开通81端口，rewrite是支持thinkPHP的路由写法。

在/opt/www下新建index.php：

vi index.php
    
    # 写入下面内容
    <?php
    	phpinfo();
    ?>

重启nginx：

nginx -s reload

浏览器访问http:IP:81显示PHPinfo的信息表示配置成功

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4.安装mysql

下载地址：[https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/][https_dev.mysql.com_downloads_mysql] ，选择Linux-Genneric，64位：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L214ZHpjaGFsbHBw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

下载得到tar.xz压缩文件，xz比gz压缩的更小，把下载的文件上传到服务器，解压命令：

tar -Jxf mysql-8.0.18-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz
    rm mysql-8.0.18-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz
    mv mysql-8.0.18-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql
     
    #添加用户组
    groupadd mysql
    #添加用户mysql 到用户组mysql
    useradd -g mysql mysql
     
    cd mysql/
    mkdir -p data/mysql
    chown -R mysql:mysql ./
    mkdir mysql_install_db
    chmod 777 ./mysql_install_db
    # 初始化
    bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
    ####################################################################################################
    #如果报错：FATAL ERROR: please install the following Perl modules before executing，解决：
    yum install -y perl-Module-Install.noarch
    #如果报错：Installing MySQL system tables.../usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld: error while loading shared，解决：
    yum install libaio* -y
    
    初始化成功在最后会显示数据库密码，需要记录下来，显示是信息：@localhost: xxxxx （xxxx就是显示的密码）
    ####################################################################################################
    cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
    chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
    cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
    
    vim  /etc/my.cnf
    # 写入下面内容
    [mysqld]
    datadir=/usr/local/mysql
    datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
    socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
    character-set-server=utf8
    port=3306
    sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
    symbolic-links=0
    
    [client]
    socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
    default-character-set=utf8
    
    [mysqld_safe]
    log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
    pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid
    
    #
    # include all files from the config directory
    #
    !includedir /etc/my.cnf.d
    
    
    # 添加到环境变量
    vim /etc/profile
    # 最后一行写入
    export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
     
    #重新编译环境变量
    source /etc/profile
    
    #启动服务
    service mysqld start
    
    # 如果报错/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log无法写入，解决：
    mkdir /var/log/mariadb
    touch /var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
    chown -R mysql:mysql /var/log/mariadb
    # 如果报错/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid无法写入，解决：
    mkdir /var/run/mariadb
    touch /var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid
    chown -R mysql:mysql /var/run/mariadb
    
    # 测试连接
    mysql -uroot -p
    # 密码是上面记录下来的密码
    
    #创建远程访问账号-只对单数据库有权限
    mysql -u root -p
    create user rootweb@'%' identified by 'dwfe8888&uwd';
    grant all privileges on test_db.* to rootweb@'%';
    flush privileges;
    
    # 用navicat连接报错：client does not support authentication protocol requested by server consider
    # 是因为最新版的mysql的密码机制与旧版不一致，需要修改为旧版的密码：
    ALTER USER 'rootweb'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'dwfe8888&uwd';
    flush privileges;

5.安装redis

cd /usr/local/
    wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-5.0.7.tar.gz
    tar -zxvf redis-5.0.7.tar.gz
    rm redis-5.0.7.tar.gz
    mv redis-5.0.7 redis
    cd redis
    make
     
    #设置redis服务后台启动
    vi redis.conf
    设置daemonize yes
     
    #启动服务
    src/redis-server redis.conf
     
    #测试
    src/redis-cli

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[https_dev.mysql.com_downloads_mysql]: https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
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