unity(1)unity基础笔记02：材质，着色器，摄像机，天空盒

淡淡的烟草味﹌ 2023-06-20 06:08 17阅读 0赞

unity视频av28779788学习笔记~~DAY2上午

*  **当前为-->第一部分：UNITY基础**

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以上是昨日学习内容。

# 材质 #

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2lzaGVuamlhbWluZw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

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操作:给物体赋予材质(见视频av28779788?t=619&p=10,略)

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2lzaGVuamlhbWluZw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

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材质的渲染模式Rendering Mode:

1.Opaque:默认为不透明的,即直接覆盖;

2.Cutout:裁切模式.不显示纹理中的透明背景.

3.Fade:淡入淡出.调节A通道可以让物体完全不可视至完全可视.

4.Transparent:透明模式(须指定透明度A通道).譬如玻璃.注意:即使A通道指定为0,物体还是可视的,并不会看不见.

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2lzaGVuamlhbWluZw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

例如，以上是4种渲染模式的区别。如果树（Plane物体）不指定Cutout模式而是用默认的Opaque模式，则Plane物体会连树带黑漆漆的背景一起显示，不是我们想要的结果。

指定为Transparent的物体，A通道即使设置为0，我们也可以看得见。如果想物体完全不可视看，可指定为Fade模式，且A通道指定为0即可。

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2lzaGVuamlhbWluZw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]

# 摄像机 #

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2lzaGVuamlhbWluZw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2lzaGVuamlhbWluZw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8][]

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![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2lzaGVuamlhbWluZw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2lzaGVuamlhbWluZw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11][]

勘误：上图Field of View裁剪面实际为【Clipping Planes裁剪面】

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2lzaGVuamlhbWluZw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12][]

Depth：如果有多个摄像机。则先渲染Depth值小的摄像机，再渲染Depth值大的摄像机。

# 天空盒 #

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2lzaGVuamlhbWluZw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13][]

### 操作：创建并使用天空盒 ###

1.建立一个材质，把它的着色器Shader设置为Skybox中的6 sided（当然可以选择Skybox其他选项）。然后就可以给6个面-前后左右上下-各贴一张纹理图。

2.A.在摄像机中添加组件Skybox，把它的Custom Skybox自定义天空盒设置为刚才的材质即可。

2.B.在“照明”窗口（Unity2019在菜单-窗口-渲染-照明设置-中打开）的“场景”-“环境”中，将“天空盒材质”设置为刚才的材质。

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2lzaGVuamlhbWluZw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 14][]

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