软件工程专业英语翻译句子

素颜马尾好姑娘i 2023-06-22 13:39 45阅读 0赞

### 第一单元 ###

1.**这些机制中有一种是指令流水线技术，它允许****CPU****在执行一条指令的同时取出另一条指令。**

**One such mechanism, the instruction pipeline, allows the CPU to fetch one instruction while simultaneously executing another instruction.**

2.**这种机制用硬盘充当计算机存储器的一部分，扩大了计算机的存储空间，而且降低了价格，因为一个硬盘字节的价格比一个****RAM****字节要便宜的多。**

**This mechanism uses a hard disk as a part of computer's memory, expanding the computer's memory space while minimizing cost, because a byte of hard disk costs less than a byte of RAM. **

### 第二单元 ###

1.**DBA****通过书写一系列的定义来创建最初的数据库模式，这些定义被****DDL****编译器翻译成永久地存储在数据字典中的表集合。**

**The DBA creates the original database schema by writing a set of definitions that is translated by the DDL compiler to a set of tables that is stored permanently in the data dictionary.**

2.**软件设计者使用专门的应用程序来创建新程序****,****这种专门程序通常被称为****实用程序****或****开发程序****。**

**Software designers create new programs by using special applications, often called** **utility programs** **or** **development programs****.**

3.**程序员还使用另一种称为文本编辑器的程序来编写新程序，****新程序是用称为程序设计语言的特殊符号来编写的。**

**A programmer uses another type of program called a text editor to write the new program** **in a special notation called a programming language.**

4.**这些磁盘上称为目录的额外信息，可指明盘上各种程序的名称、它们写入盘中的时间以及它们在磁盘介质上的起始位置。**

**Additional information on such disks, called directories,** **indicates** **the names of various programs on the disk****,** **when they were written to the disk****,** **and** **where the program begins on the disk media****.**

5.**软件还可以管理硬件的使用方式，比如如何从存储设备****检索****信息。输入和输出硬件之间的交互是由称为****基本输入输出系统****的软件控制的。**

**Software also governs how the hardware is utilized; for example, how information is** **retrieved** **from a storage device. The interaction between the input and output hardware is controlled by software called** **the Basic Input Output System (BIOS)** **software.**

### 第三单元 ###

1.**宏将****那些用程序员定义的语言结构编写的****代码段翻译成****编程语言可以理解的****语句。**

**Macros translate segments of code** **that have been written in a language structure defined by the programmer** **into statements** **that the programming language understands.**

2.我们提出了一种分层结构的强化学习方法，以解决计划生成连贯的多句故事的视觉故事任务的挑战。

**we propose a hierarchically structured reinforcement learning approach to address the challenges of planning for generating coherent multi-sentence stories for the visual storytelling task.**

3.在我们的框架中，生成一个给定图像序列的故事的任务被划分为两个层次的解码器。高级译码器通过生成语义概念(即，主题)为每个图像序列。

**Within our framework, the task of generating a story given a sequence of images is divide across a two-level hierachical decoder. The high-level decoder constructs a plan by generating a semantic concept (i.e.,topic) for each image in sequence.**

4.底层解码器使用语义组合网络为每个图像生成一个句子，这有效地根据主题确定句子的生成。

**The low-level decoder generates a sentence for each image using a semantic compositional network,which effectively grounds the sentece generation conditioned on the topic.**

5.利用增强学习对两个解码器进行端到端的联合训练。我们在视觉讲故事(VIST)数据集上评估我们的模型。

**The two docoder are jointly trianed end-to-end using reinforcement learning. We evaluate our model on the visual storytelling dataset.**

6.来自自动和人工评估的经验结果表明，与强平面深度强化学习基线相比，提出的层次结构强化训练具有更好的性能。

**Empirical results from both automatic and human evaluations demonstrate that the proposed hierarchically structrued reinrorced training achieves significantly better performance compared to a strong flat deep reinforcement learning baseline.**

### 第四单元 ###

1. **要使程序中的指令得到执行，计算机必须执行该程序，也就是说，计算机要读取该程序，然后按确切的顺序执行程序中编码的步骤，直至程序结束。**

**For the instructions to be carried out, a computer must execute a program, that is, the computer reads a program,** **and** **then follows the steps encoded in the program in a precise order until completion****.**

2.**一个程序可被多次执行，每次执行可能产生不同的结果。这取决于****用户提供给计算机的****操作和数据。**

**A program can be executed many different times, with each execution yielding a potentially different result** **depending upon the operations and data** **that the user gives the computer****.**

3.**今天，汇编语言很少用来编写整个程序，但是常用于程序员需要直接控制计算机某方面功能的情况。**

**Today,** **assembly language is rarely used to write an entire program,** **but** **is instead most often used** **when** **the programmer needs to directly control some aspect of the computer’s function.**

4.**程序经常被编写为一组较小的程序块，每块表示整个应用程序的某个方面。**

**Programs are often written as a set of smaller pieces, with each piece representing some aspect of the overall application program.**

5.**使计算机如此有用的能力之一是它们能够****作出条件判定****，并根据正在处理的条件数据值执行不同的指令。**

**One of the capabilities** **that** **make computers so useful is their ability to** **make conditional decisions** **and** **perform different instructions based on the values of data being processed.**

### 第五单元 ###

1.**通常，在它需要修改之前会使用一段时间。**

**Usually, it is in use for a while** **before** **modifications are necessary.**

2.**由于****软件中错误的发现、规则的改变或公司本身的变化都导致软件需要经常修改。**

**Modification is often needed** **due to** **errors found in the software, changes in rules or laws, or changes in the company itself.**

3.**整个开发过程始于分析阶段，这个阶段显示程序包应该做什么。**

**The development process starts with the analysis phase,** **which** **shows** **what the package should do****.**

4.**在这个阶段，系统分析员定义需求，指出系统所要实现的目标。**

**In this phase, the systems analyst defines requirements** **that** **specify** **what the proposed system is to accomplish****.**

5.**设计阶段定义系统怎样完成在分析阶段所定义的需求。**

**The design phase defines** **how the system will accomplish** **what was defined in the analysis phase****.**

6.**结构图显示了如何将软件包分解成逻辑步骤****.**